Patent
US 8,947,854Spacer-Modified Graphene Electrode for Supercapacitor
Aruna Zhamu, Zhenning Yu, Chen-guang Liu, Bor Z. Jang
US
Copyright © 2026 Matter42. All rights reserved.
Patent
Atlas literature
Patent
US 8,947,854Patent drawings and their descriptions. Click a drawing to enlarge it.
FIG. 1 A transmission electron microscopic image of NGPs without surface modification; graphene sheets significantly overlap one another to reduce the available …
FIG.2 SEM image of slightly surface-modified NGPs, showing some surface nodules.
FIG.3 An electrode structure comprising multiple surface-modified NGPs overlapped together, 25 but slightly separated due to the presence of spacer nodules, …
FIG.4 (A) and (B) show the specific surface area and specific capacitance of electrodes containing carbon nodule-modified NGPs plotted as a function of the …
Claims define the patent's legal scope. Independent claims stand alone; dependent claims (nested) narrow them. Click a claim to expand its dependents.
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canceled electrode materials. A supercapacitor can electrodes. These NGP-based nano materials conductivity. Other desirable features of density. They are also of lower costs compared with modified NGPs can be mass-produced 10 cost-
A spacer-modified nano graphene platelet electrode, comprising: (a) multiple nano graphene platelets or sheets having an average thickness smaller than 10 nm; and (b) discrete, non-metallic nano-scaled particles that a r e disposed between two graphene platelets or sheets to serve as a spacer that prevents re-stacking of said graphene platelets or sheets with one another, wherein said spacer particles cover an a r ea less than 50% of a surface of a nano graphene platelet or sheet.
The spacer-modified nano graphene platelet electrode of claim 26, wherein said spacer particles a r e selected from the group consisting of carbon nanotubes, carbon nano-wires, car bon nano-fibers, graphitic nano-fibers, ca r bon black, activated ca r bon, nano-wires, ceramic nano particles, polymer nano particles, nano particles of metal oxides excluding zin c oxide, metal ca r bides, metal nitrides, metal sulfides, metal-halogen compounds, metal chalcogenides, and combinations thereof. original
(Previously amended) The spacer-modified nano graphene platelet electrode of claim 26, wherein said spacer particles cover an a r ea less than 30% of a surface of a nano graphene platelet or sheet.
(Previously amended) The spacer-modified nano graphene platelet electrode of claim 26, wherein said platelets or sheets comprise single-layer graphene.
The spacer-modified nano graphene platelet electrode of claim 26, wherein said electrode has a specific surface a r ea greater than 500 m2/g.
The spacer-modified nano graphene platelet electrode of claim 26, wherein said 2 electrode has a specific surface a r ea greater than 900 m2/g.
The spacer-modified nano graphene platelet electrode of claim 26, wherein said electrode has a specific surface a r ea greater than 1,300 m2/g.
The spacer-modified nano graphene platelet electrode of claim 26, wherein said SVG 13573844.04-28-2014.HUV₃Z₃D₆PXXIFW4.CLM17380803.12.293.688.2005.745.svg 0.19 5.707 Graph Black and white
A supercapacitor comprising two electrodes, a porous separator disposed between the two electrodes, and electrolyte in physical contact with the two electrodes, wherein at least one of the two electrodes comprises an electrode as defined in claim 26.
A supercapacitor comprising two electrodes, a porous sepa r ator disposed between the two electrodes, and electrolyte in physical contact with the two electrodes, wherein each of the two electrodes comprises an electrode as defined in claim 26.
The spacer-modified nano graphene platelet electrode of claim 26, wherein said discrete, nonmetallic nano-scaled particles contain a material selected from the group consisting of carbon, pitch, metal oxide, metal ca r bide, metal nitride, metal sulfide, metal halide, and combinations thereof.
The spacer-modified nano graphene platelet electrode as def in ed in claim 26, wherein said discrete, non-metallic nano-scaled particles contain a material selected from the group consisting of RuO 2, IrO 2, NiO, MnO2, VO X, TiO2, Cr₂O3, C o2O 3, PbO2, Ag₂ O, MoC X, Mo₂N, WC X, WN X, and combinations thereof
The spacer-modified nano graphene platelet electrode as defined in claim 26, wherein said discrete, non-metallic nano-scaled particles comprise ca r bon produced by pyrolyzing a polymeric material coated onto a surface of said graphene platelet.
The spacer-modified nano graphene platelet electrode as defined in claim 26, wherein said discrete, non-metallic nano-scaled pa r ticles comprise ca r bon produced by pyrolyzing a polymeric coating substance selected from the group consisting of phenol- formaldehyde, polyacrylonitrile, styrene divinyl benzene, cellulosic polymers, polyfurf u ryl alcohol, cyclotrimerized diethynyl benzene, and combination thereof.
The spacer-modified nano graphene platelet electrode as defined in claim 26, wherein said discrete, non-metallic nano-scaled particles have a size no less than 2 nm. 3
The spacer-modified nano graphene platelet electrode as def in ed in claim 26, wherein said graphene platelets or sheets contain single-layer graphene.
The spacer-modified nano graphene platelet electrode as defined in claim 26, wherein said graphene platelets contain a few-layer graphene platelet having no more than five graphene planes.
The spacer-modified nano graphene platelet electrode as defined in claim 26, wherein said spacer-modified nano graphene platelets or sheets are functionalized.
The spacer-modified nano graphene platelet electrode as defined in claim 26, wherein said spacer-modified nano graphene platelets or sheets are functionalized with one or more functional groups selected from the group consisting of -- SO 3, --R'COX, -- R'(COO H)2, --CN, --R'CH₂X, -- OH, --R'CHO, --R'CN, wherein R' is a hydrocarbon radical, and wherein X is --NH2, --OH, or a halogen. 4
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Layer stacks claimed or described, ordered top of device to substrate.
spacer-modified nano graphene platelet electrode
supercapacitor
Materials described outside the worked examples.
nano graphene platelet
discrete non-metallic nano-scaled spacer particles
spacer particles (carbon nanotubes, carbon nano-wires, carbon nano-fibers, graphitic nano-fibers, carbon black, activated carbon, nano-wires, ceramic nano particles, polymer nano particles, metal oxides excluding zinc oxide, metal carbides, metal nitrides, metal sulfides, metal-halogen compounds, metal chalcogenides)
Measurements and analyses referenced in the patent, with their drawing references.
FIG. 1 A transmission electron microscopic image of NGPs without surface modification; graphene sheets significantly overlap one another to reduce the available …
Performance values and ranges asserted in the specification or claims.
| Property | Value | Material |
|---|---|---|
electrode specific surface area (claim 31 lower bound) | ≥ 500 m2/g | nano graphene platelet |
Related documents with shared materials, methods, properties, or citations.
Patent
Atlas literature
Patent
US 8,947,854Patent drawings and their descriptions. Click a drawing to enlarge it.
FIG. 1 A transmission electron microscopic image of NGPs without surface modification; graphene sheets significantly overlap one another to reduce the available …
FIG.2 SEM image of slightly surface-modified NGPs, showing some surface nodules.
FIG.3 An electrode structure comprising multiple surface-modified NGPs overlapped together, 25 but slightly separated due to the presence of spacer nodules, …
FIG.4 (A) and (B) show the specific surface area and specific capacitance of electrodes containing carbon nodule-modified NGPs plotted as a function of the …
Claims define the patent's legal scope. Independent claims stand alone; dependent claims (nested) narrow them. Click a claim to expand its dependents.
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canceled electrode materials. A supercapacitor can electrodes. These NGP-based nano materials conductivity. Other desirable features of density. They are also of lower costs compared with modified NGPs can be mass-produced 10 cost-
A spacer-modified nano graphene platelet electrode, comprising: (a) multiple nano graphene platelets or sheets having an average thickness smaller than 10 nm; and (b) discrete, non-metallic nano-scaled particles that a r e disposed between two graphene platelets or sheets to serve as a spacer that prevents re-stacking of said graphene platelets or sheets with one another, wherein said spacer particles cover an a r ea less than 50% of a surface of a nano graphene platelet or sheet.
The spacer-modified nano graphene platelet electrode of claim 26, wherein said spacer particles a r e selected from the group consisting of carbon nanotubes, carbon nano-wires, car bon nano-fibers, graphitic nano-fibers, ca r bon black, activated ca r bon, nano-wires, ceramic nano particles, polymer nano particles, nano particles of metal oxides excluding zin c oxide, metal ca r bides, metal nitrides, metal sulfides, metal-halogen compounds, metal chalcogenides, and combinations thereof. original
(Previously amended) The spacer-modified nano graphene platelet electrode of claim 26, wherein said spacer particles cover an a r ea less than 30% of a surface of a nano graphene platelet or sheet.
(Previously amended) The spacer-modified nano graphene platelet electrode of claim 26, wherein said platelets or sheets comprise single-layer graphene.
The spacer-modified nano graphene platelet electrode of claim 26, wherein said electrode has a specific surface a r ea greater than 500 m2/g.
The spacer-modified nano graphene platelet electrode of claim 26, wherein said 2 electrode has a specific surface a r ea greater than 900 m2/g.
The spacer-modified nano graphene platelet electrode of claim 26, wherein said electrode has a specific surface a r ea greater than 1,300 m2/g.
The spacer-modified nano graphene platelet electrode of claim 26, wherein said SVG 13573844.04-28-2014.HUV₃Z₃D₆PXXIFW4.CLM17380803.12.293.688.2005.745.svg 0.19 5.707 Graph Black and white
A supercapacitor comprising two electrodes, a porous separator disposed between the two electrodes, and electrolyte in physical contact with the two electrodes, wherein at least one of the two electrodes comprises an electrode as defined in claim 26.
A supercapacitor comprising two electrodes, a porous sepa r ator disposed between the two electrodes, and electrolyte in physical contact with the two electrodes, wherein each of the two electrodes comprises an electrode as defined in claim 26.
The spacer-modified nano graphene platelet electrode of claim 26, wherein said discrete, nonmetallic nano-scaled particles contain a material selected from the group consisting of carbon, pitch, metal oxide, metal ca r bide, metal nitride, metal sulfide, metal halide, and combinations thereof.
The spacer-modified nano graphene platelet electrode as def in ed in claim 26, wherein said discrete, non-metallic nano-scaled particles contain a material selected from the group consisting of RuO 2, IrO 2, NiO, MnO2, VO X, TiO2, Cr₂O3, C o2O 3, PbO2, Ag₂ O, MoC X, Mo₂N, WC X, WN X, and combinations thereof
The spacer-modified nano graphene platelet electrode as defined in claim 26, wherein said discrete, non-metallic nano-scaled particles comprise ca r bon produced by pyrolyzing a polymeric material coated onto a surface of said graphene platelet.
The spacer-modified nano graphene platelet electrode as defined in claim 26, wherein said discrete, non-metallic nano-scaled pa r ticles comprise ca r bon produced by pyrolyzing a polymeric coating substance selected from the group consisting of phenol- formaldehyde, polyacrylonitrile, styrene divinyl benzene, cellulosic polymers, polyfurf u ryl alcohol, cyclotrimerized diethynyl benzene, and combination thereof.
The spacer-modified nano graphene platelet electrode as defined in claim 26, wherein said discrete, non-metallic nano-scaled particles have a size no less than 2 nm. 3
The spacer-modified nano graphene platelet electrode as def in ed in claim 26, wherein said graphene platelets or sheets contain single-layer graphene.
The spacer-modified nano graphene platelet electrode as defined in claim 26, wherein said graphene platelets contain a few-layer graphene platelet having no more than five graphene planes.
The spacer-modified nano graphene platelet electrode as defined in claim 26, wherein said spacer-modified nano graphene platelets or sheets are functionalized.
The spacer-modified nano graphene platelet electrode as defined in claim 26, wherein said spacer-modified nano graphene platelets or sheets are functionalized with one or more functional groups selected from the group consisting of -- SO 3, --R'COX, -- R'(COO H)2, --CN, --R'CH₂X, -- OH, --R'CHO, --R'CN, wherein R' is a hydrocarbon radical, and wherein X is --NH2, --OH, or a halogen. 4
. canceled
Layer stacks claimed or described, ordered top of device to substrate.
spacer-modified nano graphene platelet electrode
supercapacitor
Materials described outside the worked examples.
nano graphene platelet
discrete non-metallic nano-scaled spacer particles
spacer particles (carbon nanotubes, carbon nano-wires, carbon nano-fibers, graphitic nano-fibers, carbon black, activated carbon, nano-wires, ceramic nano particles, polymer nano particles, metal oxides excluding zinc oxide, metal carbides, metal nitrides, metal sulfides, metal-halogen compounds, metal chalcogenides)
Measurements and analyses referenced in the patent, with their drawing references.
FIG. 1 A transmission electron microscopic image of NGPs without surface modification; graphene sheets significantly overlap one another to reduce the available …
Performance values and ranges asserted in the specification or claims.
| Property | Value | Material |
|---|---|---|
electrode specific surface area (claim 31 lower bound) | ≥ 500 m2/g | nano graphene platelet |
Related documents with shared materials, methods, properties, or citations.
Patent
Atlas literature
Patent
US 8,947,854Patent drawings and their descriptions. Click a drawing to enlarge it.
FIG. 1 A transmission electron microscopic image of NGPs without surface modification; graphene sheets significantly overlap one another to reduce the available …
FIG.2 SEM image of slightly surface-modified NGPs, showing some surface nodules.
FIG.3 An electrode structure comprising multiple surface-modified NGPs overlapped together, 25 but slightly separated due to the presence of spacer nodules, …
FIG.4 (A) and (B) show the specific surface area and specific capacitance of electrodes containing carbon nodule-modified NGPs plotted as a function of the …
Claims define the patent's legal scope. Independent claims stand alone; dependent claims (nested) narrow them. Click a claim to expand its dependents.
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canceled electrode materials. A supercapacitor can electrodes. These NGP-based nano materials conductivity. Other desirable features of density. They are also of lower costs compared with modified NGPs can be mass-produced 10 cost-
A spacer-modified nano graphene platelet electrode, comprising: (a) multiple nano graphene platelets or sheets having an average thickness smaller than 10 nm; and (b) discrete, non-metallic nano-scaled particles that a r e disposed between two graphene platelets or sheets to serve as a spacer that prevents re-stacking of said graphene platelets or sheets with one another, wherein said spacer particles cover an a r ea less than 50% of a surface of a nano graphene platelet or sheet.
The spacer-modified nano graphene platelet electrode of claim 26, wherein said spacer particles a r e selected from the group consisting of carbon nanotubes, carbon nano-wires, car bon nano-fibers, graphitic nano-fibers, ca r bon black, activated ca r bon, nano-wires, ceramic nano particles, polymer nano particles, nano particles of metal oxides excluding zin c oxide, metal ca r bides, metal nitrides, metal sulfides, metal-halogen compounds, metal chalcogenides, and combinations thereof. original
(Previously amended) The spacer-modified nano graphene platelet electrode of claim 26, wherein said spacer particles cover an a r ea less than 30% of a surface of a nano graphene platelet or sheet.
(Previously amended) The spacer-modified nano graphene platelet electrode of claim 26, wherein said platelets or sheets comprise single-layer graphene.
The spacer-modified nano graphene platelet electrode of claim 26, wherein said electrode has a specific surface a r ea greater than 500 m2/g.
The spacer-modified nano graphene platelet electrode of claim 26, wherein said 2 electrode has a specific surface a r ea greater than 900 m2/g.
The spacer-modified nano graphene platelet electrode of claim 26, wherein said electrode has a specific surface a r ea greater than 1,300 m2/g.
The spacer-modified nano graphene platelet electrode of claim 26, wherein said SVG 13573844.04-28-2014.HUV₃Z₃D₆PXXIFW4.CLM17380803.12.293.688.2005.745.svg 0.19 5.707 Graph Black and white
A supercapacitor comprising two electrodes, a porous separator disposed between the two electrodes, and electrolyte in physical contact with the two electrodes, wherein at least one of the two electrodes comprises an electrode as defined in claim 26.
A supercapacitor comprising two electrodes, a porous sepa r ator disposed between the two electrodes, and electrolyte in physical contact with the two electrodes, wherein each of the two electrodes comprises an electrode as defined in claim 26.
The spacer-modified nano graphene platelet electrode of claim 26, wherein said discrete, nonmetallic nano-scaled particles contain a material selected from the group consisting of carbon, pitch, metal oxide, metal ca r bide, metal nitride, metal sulfide, metal halide, and combinations thereof.
The spacer-modified nano graphene platelet electrode as def in ed in claim 26, wherein said discrete, non-metallic nano-scaled particles contain a material selected from the group consisting of RuO 2, IrO 2, NiO, MnO2, VO X, TiO2, Cr₂O3, C o2O 3, PbO2, Ag₂ O, MoC X, Mo₂N, WC X, WN X, and combinations thereof
The spacer-modified nano graphene platelet electrode as defined in claim 26, wherein said discrete, non-metallic nano-scaled particles comprise ca r bon produced by pyrolyzing a polymeric material coated onto a surface of said graphene platelet.
The spacer-modified nano graphene platelet electrode as defined in claim 26, wherein said discrete, non-metallic nano-scaled pa r ticles comprise ca r bon produced by pyrolyzing a polymeric coating substance selected from the group consisting of phenol- formaldehyde, polyacrylonitrile, styrene divinyl benzene, cellulosic polymers, polyfurf u ryl alcohol, cyclotrimerized diethynyl benzene, and combination thereof.
The spacer-modified nano graphene platelet electrode as defined in claim 26, wherein said discrete, non-metallic nano-scaled particles have a size no less than 2 nm. 3
The spacer-modified nano graphene platelet electrode as def in ed in claim 26, wherein said graphene platelets or sheets contain single-layer graphene.
The spacer-modified nano graphene platelet electrode as defined in claim 26, wherein said graphene platelets contain a few-layer graphene platelet having no more than five graphene planes.
The spacer-modified nano graphene platelet electrode as defined in claim 26, wherein said spacer-modified nano graphene platelets or sheets are functionalized.
The spacer-modified nano graphene platelet electrode as defined in claim 26, wherein said spacer-modified nano graphene platelets or sheets are functionalized with one or more functional groups selected from the group consisting of -- SO 3, --R'COX, -- R'(COO H)2, --CN, --R'CH₂X, -- OH, --R'CHO, --R'CN, wherein R' is a hydrocarbon radical, and wherein X is --NH2, --OH, or a halogen. 4
. canceled
Layer stacks claimed or described, ordered top of device to substrate.
spacer-modified nano graphene platelet electrode
supercapacitor
Materials described outside the worked examples.
nano graphene platelet
discrete non-metallic nano-scaled spacer particles
spacer particles (carbon nanotubes, carbon nano-wires, carbon nano-fibers, graphitic nano-fibers, carbon black, activated carbon, nano-wires, ceramic nano particles, polymer nano particles, metal oxides excluding zinc oxide, metal carbides, metal nitrides, metal sulfides, metal-halogen compounds, metal chalcogenides)
Measurements and analyses referenced in the patent, with their drawing references.
FIG. 1 A transmission electron microscopic image of NGPs without surface modification; graphene sheets significantly overlap one another to reduce the available …
Performance values and ranges asserted in the specification or claims.
| Property | Value | Material |
|---|---|---|
electrode specific surface area (claim 31 lower bound) | ≥ 500 m2/g | nano graphene platelet |
Related documents with shared materials, methods, properties, or citations.
Patent
Atlas literature
Patent
US 8,947,854Patent drawings and their descriptions. Click a drawing to enlarge it.
FIG. 1 A transmission electron microscopic image of NGPs without surface modification; graphene sheets significantly overlap one another to reduce the available …
FIG.2 SEM image of slightly surface-modified NGPs, showing some surface nodules.
FIG.3 An electrode structure comprising multiple surface-modified NGPs overlapped together, 25 but slightly separated due to the presence of spacer nodules, …
FIG.4 (A) and (B) show the specific surface area and specific capacitance of electrodes containing carbon nodule-modified NGPs plotted as a function of the …
Claims define the patent's legal scope. Independent claims stand alone; dependent claims (nested) narrow them. Click a claim to expand its dependents.
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canceled electrode materials. A supercapacitor can electrodes. These NGP-based nano materials conductivity. Other desirable features of density. They are also of lower costs compared with modified NGPs can be mass-produced 10 cost-
A spacer-modified nano graphene platelet electrode, comprising: (a) multiple nano graphene platelets or sheets having an average thickness smaller than 10 nm; and (b) discrete, non-metallic nano-scaled particles that a r e disposed between two graphene platelets or sheets to serve as a spacer that prevents re-stacking of said graphene platelets or sheets with one another, wherein said spacer particles cover an a r ea less than 50% of a surface of a nano graphene platelet or sheet.
The spacer-modified nano graphene platelet electrode of claim 26, wherein said spacer particles a r e selected from the group consisting of carbon nanotubes, carbon nano-wires, car bon nano-fibers, graphitic nano-fibers, ca r bon black, activated ca r bon, nano-wires, ceramic nano particles, polymer nano particles, nano particles of metal oxides excluding zin c oxide, metal ca r bides, metal nitrides, metal sulfides, metal-halogen compounds, metal chalcogenides, and combinations thereof. original
(Previously amended) The spacer-modified nano graphene platelet electrode of claim 26, wherein said spacer particles cover an a r ea less than 30% of a surface of a nano graphene platelet or sheet.
(Previously amended) The spacer-modified nano graphene platelet electrode of claim 26, wherein said platelets or sheets comprise single-layer graphene.
The spacer-modified nano graphene platelet electrode of claim 26, wherein said electrode has a specific surface a r ea greater than 500 m2/g.
The spacer-modified nano graphene platelet electrode of claim 26, wherein said 2 electrode has a specific surface a r ea greater than 900 m2/g.
The spacer-modified nano graphene platelet electrode of claim 26, wherein said electrode has a specific surface a r ea greater than 1,300 m2/g.
The spacer-modified nano graphene platelet electrode of claim 26, wherein said SVG 13573844.04-28-2014.HUV₃Z₃D₆PXXIFW4.CLM17380803.12.293.688.2005.745.svg 0.19 5.707 Graph Black and white
A supercapacitor comprising two electrodes, a porous separator disposed between the two electrodes, and electrolyte in physical contact with the two electrodes, wherein at least one of the two electrodes comprises an electrode as defined in claim 26.
A supercapacitor comprising two electrodes, a porous sepa r ator disposed between the two electrodes, and electrolyte in physical contact with the two electrodes, wherein each of the two electrodes comprises an electrode as defined in claim 26.
The spacer-modified nano graphene platelet electrode of claim 26, wherein said discrete, nonmetallic nano-scaled particles contain a material selected from the group consisting of carbon, pitch, metal oxide, metal ca r bide, metal nitride, metal sulfide, metal halide, and combinations thereof.
The spacer-modified nano graphene platelet electrode as def in ed in claim 26, wherein said discrete, non-metallic nano-scaled particles contain a material selected from the group consisting of RuO 2, IrO 2, NiO, MnO2, VO X, TiO2, Cr₂O3, C o2O 3, PbO2, Ag₂ O, MoC X, Mo₂N, WC X, WN X, and combinations thereof
The spacer-modified nano graphene platelet electrode as defined in claim 26, wherein said discrete, non-metallic nano-scaled particles comprise ca r bon produced by pyrolyzing a polymeric material coated onto a surface of said graphene platelet.
The spacer-modified nano graphene platelet electrode as defined in claim 26, wherein said discrete, non-metallic nano-scaled pa r ticles comprise ca r bon produced by pyrolyzing a polymeric coating substance selected from the group consisting of phenol- formaldehyde, polyacrylonitrile, styrene divinyl benzene, cellulosic polymers, polyfurf u ryl alcohol, cyclotrimerized diethynyl benzene, and combination thereof.
The spacer-modified nano graphene platelet electrode as defined in claim 26, wherein said discrete, non-metallic nano-scaled particles have a size no less than 2 nm. 3
The spacer-modified nano graphene platelet electrode as def in ed in claim 26, wherein said graphene platelets or sheets contain single-layer graphene.
The spacer-modified nano graphene platelet electrode as defined in claim 26, wherein said graphene platelets contain a few-layer graphene platelet having no more than five graphene planes.
The spacer-modified nano graphene platelet electrode as defined in claim 26, wherein said spacer-modified nano graphene platelets or sheets are functionalized.
The spacer-modified nano graphene platelet electrode as defined in claim 26, wherein said spacer-modified nano graphene platelets or sheets are functionalized with one or more functional groups selected from the group consisting of -- SO 3, --R'COX, -- R'(COO H)2, --CN, --R'CH₂X, -- OH, --R'CHO, --R'CN, wherein R' is a hydrocarbon radical, and wherein X is --NH2, --OH, or a halogen. 4
. canceled
Layer stacks claimed or described, ordered top of device to substrate.
spacer-modified nano graphene platelet electrode
supercapacitor
Materials described outside the worked examples.
nano graphene platelet
discrete non-metallic nano-scaled spacer particles
spacer particles (carbon nanotubes, carbon nano-wires, carbon nano-fibers, graphitic nano-fibers, carbon black, activated carbon, nano-wires, ceramic nano particles, polymer nano particles, metal oxides excluding zinc oxide, metal carbides, metal nitrides, metal sulfides, metal-halogen compounds, metal chalcogenides)
Measurements and analyses referenced in the patent, with their drawing references.
FIG. 1 A transmission electron microscopic image of NGPs without surface modification; graphene sheets significantly overlap one another to reduce the available …
Performance values and ranges asserted in the specification or claims.
| Property | Value | Material |
|---|---|---|
electrode specific surface area (claim 31 lower bound) | ≥ 500 m2/g | nano graphene platelet |
Related documents with shared materials, methods, properties, or citations.
pseudocapacitive metal oxide/carbide/nitride nano particles
carbon produced by pyrolysis of polymeric coating
polymeric coating precursors (phenol-formaldehyde, polyacrylonitrile, styrene divinyl benzene, cellulosic polymers, polyfurfuryl alcohol, cyclotrimerized diethynyl benzene)
FIG.2 SEM image of slightly surface-modified NGPs, showing some surface nodules.
electrode specific surface area (claim 32 lower bound) | ≥ 900 m2/g | nano graphene plateletdiscrete non-metallic nano-scaled spacer particles |
electrode specific surface area (claim 33 lower bound) | ≥ 1300 m2/g | nano graphene plateletdiscrete non-metallic nano-scaled spacer particles |
Duration | 15–60 seconds | — |
Duration | 0.5–5 hours | — |
Thickness | ≤ 0.4 nm | — |
Thickness | ≥ 1 nm | — |
Thickness | ≥ 2 nm | — |
Thickness | ≤ 2 nm | — |
Thickness | ≤ 1 nm | — |
pseudocapacitive metal oxide/carbide/nitride nano particles
carbon produced by pyrolysis of polymeric coating
polymeric coating precursors (phenol-formaldehyde, polyacrylonitrile, styrene divinyl benzene, cellulosic polymers, polyfurfuryl alcohol, cyclotrimerized diethynyl benzene)
FIG.2 SEM image of slightly surface-modified NGPs, showing some surface nodules.
electrode specific surface area (claim 32 lower bound) | ≥ 900 m2/g | nano graphene plateletdiscrete non-metallic nano-scaled spacer particles |
electrode specific surface area (claim 33 lower bound) | ≥ 1300 m2/g | nano graphene plateletdiscrete non-metallic nano-scaled spacer particles |
Duration | 15–60 seconds | — |
Duration | 0.5–5 hours | — |
Thickness | ≤ 0.4 nm | — |
Thickness | ≥ 1 nm | — |
Thickness | ≥ 2 nm | — |
Thickness | ≤ 2 nm | — |
Thickness | ≤ 1 nm | — |
pseudocapacitive metal oxide/carbide/nitride nano particles
carbon produced by pyrolysis of polymeric coating
polymeric coating precursors (phenol-formaldehyde, polyacrylonitrile, styrene divinyl benzene, cellulosic polymers, polyfurfuryl alcohol, cyclotrimerized diethynyl benzene)
FIG.2 SEM image of slightly surface-modified NGPs, showing some surface nodules.
electrode specific surface area (claim 32 lower bound) | ≥ 900 m2/g | nano graphene plateletdiscrete non-metallic nano-scaled spacer particles |
electrode specific surface area (claim 33 lower bound) | ≥ 1300 m2/g | nano graphene plateletdiscrete non-metallic nano-scaled spacer particles |
Duration | 15–60 seconds | — |
Duration | 0.5–5 hours | — |
Thickness | ≤ 0.4 nm | — |
Thickness | ≥ 1 nm | — |
Thickness | ≥ 2 nm | — |
Thickness | ≤ 2 nm | — |
Thickness | ≤ 1 nm | — |
pseudocapacitive metal oxide/carbide/nitride nano particles
carbon produced by pyrolysis of polymeric coating
polymeric coating precursors (phenol-formaldehyde, polyacrylonitrile, styrene divinyl benzene, cellulosic polymers, polyfurfuryl alcohol, cyclotrimerized diethynyl benzene)
FIG.2 SEM image of slightly surface-modified NGPs, showing some surface nodules.
electrode specific surface area (claim 32 lower bound) | ≥ 900 m2/g | nano graphene plateletdiscrete non-metallic nano-scaled spacer particles |
electrode specific surface area (claim 33 lower bound) | ≥ 1300 m2/g | nano graphene plateletdiscrete non-metallic nano-scaled spacer particles |
Duration | 15–60 seconds | — |
Duration | 0.5–5 hours | — |
Thickness | ≤ 0.4 nm | — |
Thickness | ≥ 1 nm | — |
Thickness | ≥ 2 nm | — |
Thickness | ≤ 2 nm | — |
Thickness | ≤ 1 nm | — |