Patent
US 10,122,020Aluminum Secondary Battery Cathode Having Oriented Graphene
Yu-Sheng Su, Aruna Zhamu, Hui He, Baofei Pan et al.
US
Copyright © 2026 Matter42. All rights reserved.
Patent
Atlas literature
Patent
US 10,122,020Patent drawings and their descriptions. Click a drawing to enlarge it.
FIG. 1(A) Schematic drawing illustrating the processes for producing intercalated and/or oxidized graphite, subsequently exfoliated graphite worms, separated …
FIG.2(B) schematic of an aluminum secondary battery cell having a cathode active material layer composed of graphene sheets and an anode composed of Al metal …
FIG. 3 The discharge curves of three Al foil anode-based cells: first one having a cathode layer 20 of highly oriented graphene sheets (aligned perpendicular to …
FIG.4 The specific capacity values of a wide variety of lightly recompressed graphene sheets plotted as a function of the specific surface area.
FIG.5 The specific capacity values of three Al cells plotted as a function of charge/discharge cycles: a cell containing a cathode layer of heavily recompressed …
FIG.6 The Ragone plots of four cells: a cell containing a cathode of original artificial graphite, a cell containing a cathode of oriented graphene sheets …
FIG.7 The specific capacity values, plotted as a function of charge/discharge cycles, of three Al cells: first one containing a cathode of oriented graphene …
Claims define the patent's legal scope. Independent claims stand alone; dependent claims (nested) narrow them. Click a claim to expand its dependents.
An aluminum secondary battery comprising an anode, a cathode, a porous separator electronically separating said anode and said cathode, and an electrolyte in ionic contact with said anode and said cathode to support reversible deposition and dissolution of aluminum at said anode, wherein said anode contains aluminum metal or an aluminum metal alloy as an anode active material and said cathode comprises a layer of aligned graphene sheets that are oriented in such a manner that said layer has a graphene edge plane in direct contact with said electrolyte and facing said separator. Currently amended
The aluminum secondary battery of claim 1, wherein said graphene sheets are produced from a thermally exfoliated product selected from the group consisting of meso-phase pitch, meso-phase carbon, meso carbon micro-beads (MCMB), coke particles, expanded graphite flakes, artificial graphite particles, natural graphite particles, highly oriented pyrolytic graphite, soft carbon particles, hard carbon particles, multi-walled carbon nanotubes, carbon nano-fibers, carbon fibers, graphite nano-fibers, graphite fibers, carbonized polymer fibers, and combinations thereof. Currently amended
The aluminum secondary battery of claim 1, wherein said graphene sheets are bonded together by a binder. Original
The aluminum secondary battery of claim 1, wherein said layer of aligned graphene sheets has a physical density from 0.5 to 1.8 g/cm 3 and has meso-scaled pores having a pore size from 2 nm to 50 n m. Original
The aluminum secondary battery of claim 1, wherein said layer of aligned graphene sheets has a physical density from 1.1 to 1.8 g/cm 3 and has pores having a pore size from 2 nm to 5 nm. Original
The aluminum secondary battery of claim 1, wherein said layer of aligned graphene sheets has a specific surface area from p, p g 20 m 2/g to 1,500 m 2/g. Currently amended
The aluminum secondary battery of claim 1, further comprising an anode current collector supporting said aluminum metal or aluminum metal alloy or further comprising a cathode current collector supporting said layer of recompressed exfoliated graphite or carbon material. Original
The aluminum secondary battery of claim 1, wherein said electrolyte is selected from the group consisting of an aqueous electrolyte, organic electrolyte, molten salt electrolyte, ionic liquid electrolyte, and combinations thereof. Currently amended
The aluminum secondary battery of claim 1, wherein said electrolyte contains Al F 3, A lCl 3, A l Br 3, A lI 3, A lF X Cl(3 -x), A lBrCl(3 -x), A lI X Cl(3 -x), or a combination thereof, wherein x is from 0.01 to 2.0. Original
The aluminum secondary battery of claim 1, wherein said electrolyte contains an ionic liquid that contains an aluminum salt mixed with an organic chloride selected from the group consisting of n-butyl-pyridinium-chloride (BuPyC l), 1-methyl-3- ethylimidazolium-chloride (ME ICl), 2-dimethyl-3-propylimidazolium-chloride, 1,4- dimethyl-1,2,4-triazolium chloride (DMTC), and mixtures thereof. Currently amended
The aluminum secondary battery of claim 1, wherein the electrolyte also supports reversible intercalation and de-intercalation of ions at the cathode, wherein said ions include cations, anions, or both. Original
The aluminum secondary battery of claim 1, wherein said layer of aligned graphene sheets operates as a cathode current collector to collect electrons during a discharge of said aluminum secondary battery and wherein said battery contains no separate or additional cathode current collector. Original
The aluminum secondary battery of claim 1, wherein said layer of aligned graphene sheets further comprises an electrically conductive binder material which bonds said oriented graphene sheets together to form a cathode electrode layer. Original
The aluminum secondary battery of claim 1, wherein said battery has an average discharge voltage no less than 1.5 volt and a cathode specific capacity greater than 100 mAh/g based on a total cathode active layer weight. Original
The aluminum secondary battery of claim 1, wherein said battery has an average discharge voltage no less than 1.5 volt and a cathode specific capacity greater than 200 mAh/g based on a total cathode active layer weight. Original
The aluminum secondary battery of claim 1, wherein said battery has an average discharge voltage no less than 2.0 volts and a cathode specific capacity greater than 100 mAh/g based on a total cathode active layer weight. Original
The aluminum secondary battery of claim 1, wherein said battery has an average discharge voltage no less than 2.0 volts and a cathode specific capacity greater than 200 mAh/g based on a total cathode active layer weight. Original
A method of manufacturing an aluminum secondary battery, comprising: (a) providing an anode containing aluminum metal or an aluminum alloy; (b) providing a cathode containing a layer of aligned graphene sheets; and (c) providing a porous separator electronically separating said anode and said cathode and an electrolyte capable of supporting reversible deposition and dissolution of aluminum at the anode and reversible adsorption/desorption and/or intercalation/de-intercalation of ions at the cathode; wherein said layer of aligned graphene sheets is oriented in such a manner that said layer has a graphene edge plane in direct contact with said electrolyte and facing or contacting said separator. Original
The method of claim 22, further including providing a porous network of electrically conductive nano-filaments to support said aluminum metal or aluminum alloy at the anode. Original
The method of claim 22, wherein said electrolyte contains an aqueous electrolyte, an organic electrolyte, a molten salt electrolyte, or an ionic liquid. Original
The method of claim 22, wherein providing a cathode contains subjecting a carbon or graphite material to an expansion treatment selected from an oxidation, fluorination, bromination, chlorination, nitrogenation, intercalation, combined oxidation- intercalation, combined fluorination-intercalation, combined bromination-intercalation, combined chlorination-intercalation, or combined nitrogenation-intercalation, followed by thermal exfoliation at a temperature from 100 0 C to 2,500 0 C and mechanical shearing. Original
The method of claim 22, wherein said procedure of providing the cathode includes compressing multiple graphene sheets using a wet compression or dry compression to align said graphene sheets. Original
The method of claim 22, wherein said procedure of providing the cathode includes compressing multiple graphene sheets using a wet compression to align said graphene sheets, wherein said wet compression includes compressing or pressing a suspension of said multiple graphene sheets dispersed in a liquid electrolyte for an aluminum cell. Original
Layer stacks claimed or described, ordered top of device to substrate.
aluminum secondary battery
Materials described outside the worked examples.
aluminum metal or aluminum metal alloy
aligned graphene sheets
Additional fabrication and treatment steps described in the patent.
Measurements and analyses referenced in the patent, with their drawing references.
FIG. 1(A) Schematic drawing illustrating the processes for producing intercalated and/or oxidized graphite, subsequently exfoliated graphite worms, separated …
Performance values and ranges asserted in the specification or claims.
| Property | Value | Material |
|---|---|---|
Physical Density | 0.5–1.8 g/cm3 | aligned graphene sheets |
Physical Density | 1.1–1.8 g/cm3 |
Related documents with shared materials, methods, properties, or citations.
Patent
Atlas literature
Patent
US 10,122,020Patent drawings and their descriptions. Click a drawing to enlarge it.
FIG. 1(A) Schematic drawing illustrating the processes for producing intercalated and/or oxidized graphite, subsequently exfoliated graphite worms, separated …
FIG.2(B) schematic of an aluminum secondary battery cell having a cathode active material layer composed of graphene sheets and an anode composed of Al metal …
FIG. 3 The discharge curves of three Al foil anode-based cells: first one having a cathode layer 20 of highly oriented graphene sheets (aligned perpendicular to …
FIG.4 The specific capacity values of a wide variety of lightly recompressed graphene sheets plotted as a function of the specific surface area.
FIG.5 The specific capacity values of three Al cells plotted as a function of charge/discharge cycles: a cell containing a cathode layer of heavily recompressed …
FIG.6 The Ragone plots of four cells: a cell containing a cathode of original artificial graphite, a cell containing a cathode of oriented graphene sheets …
FIG.7 The specific capacity values, plotted as a function of charge/discharge cycles, of three Al cells: first one containing a cathode of oriented graphene …
Claims define the patent's legal scope. Independent claims stand alone; dependent claims (nested) narrow them. Click a claim to expand its dependents.
An aluminum secondary battery comprising an anode, a cathode, a porous separator electronically separating said anode and said cathode, and an electrolyte in ionic contact with said anode and said cathode to support reversible deposition and dissolution of aluminum at said anode, wherein said anode contains aluminum metal or an aluminum metal alloy as an anode active material and said cathode comprises a layer of aligned graphene sheets that are oriented in such a manner that said layer has a graphene edge plane in direct contact with said electrolyte and facing said separator. Currently amended
The aluminum secondary battery of claim 1, wherein said graphene sheets are produced from a thermally exfoliated product selected from the group consisting of meso-phase pitch, meso-phase carbon, meso carbon micro-beads (MCMB), coke particles, expanded graphite flakes, artificial graphite particles, natural graphite particles, highly oriented pyrolytic graphite, soft carbon particles, hard carbon particles, multi-walled carbon nanotubes, carbon nano-fibers, carbon fibers, graphite nano-fibers, graphite fibers, carbonized polymer fibers, and combinations thereof. Currently amended
The aluminum secondary battery of claim 1, wherein said graphene sheets are bonded together by a binder. Original
The aluminum secondary battery of claim 1, wherein said layer of aligned graphene sheets has a physical density from 0.5 to 1.8 g/cm 3 and has meso-scaled pores having a pore size from 2 nm to 50 n m. Original
The aluminum secondary battery of claim 1, wherein said layer of aligned graphene sheets has a physical density from 1.1 to 1.8 g/cm 3 and has pores having a pore size from 2 nm to 5 nm. Original
The aluminum secondary battery of claim 1, wherein said layer of aligned graphene sheets has a specific surface area from p, p g 20 m 2/g to 1,500 m 2/g. Currently amended
The aluminum secondary battery of claim 1, further comprising an anode current collector supporting said aluminum metal or aluminum metal alloy or further comprising a cathode current collector supporting said layer of recompressed exfoliated graphite or carbon material. Original
The aluminum secondary battery of claim 1, wherein said electrolyte is selected from the group consisting of an aqueous electrolyte, organic electrolyte, molten salt electrolyte, ionic liquid electrolyte, and combinations thereof. Currently amended
The aluminum secondary battery of claim 1, wherein said electrolyte contains Al F 3, A lCl 3, A l Br 3, A lI 3, A lF X Cl(3 -x), A lBrCl(3 -x), A lI X Cl(3 -x), or a combination thereof, wherein x is from 0.01 to 2.0. Original
The aluminum secondary battery of claim 1, wherein said electrolyte contains an ionic liquid that contains an aluminum salt mixed with an organic chloride selected from the group consisting of n-butyl-pyridinium-chloride (BuPyC l), 1-methyl-3- ethylimidazolium-chloride (ME ICl), 2-dimethyl-3-propylimidazolium-chloride, 1,4- dimethyl-1,2,4-triazolium chloride (DMTC), and mixtures thereof. Currently amended
The aluminum secondary battery of claim 1, wherein the electrolyte also supports reversible intercalation and de-intercalation of ions at the cathode, wherein said ions include cations, anions, or both. Original
The aluminum secondary battery of claim 1, wherein said layer of aligned graphene sheets operates as a cathode current collector to collect electrons during a discharge of said aluminum secondary battery and wherein said battery contains no separate or additional cathode current collector. Original
The aluminum secondary battery of claim 1, wherein said layer of aligned graphene sheets further comprises an electrically conductive binder material which bonds said oriented graphene sheets together to form a cathode electrode layer. Original
The aluminum secondary battery of claim 1, wherein said battery has an average discharge voltage no less than 1.5 volt and a cathode specific capacity greater than 100 mAh/g based on a total cathode active layer weight. Original
The aluminum secondary battery of claim 1, wherein said battery has an average discharge voltage no less than 1.5 volt and a cathode specific capacity greater than 200 mAh/g based on a total cathode active layer weight. Original
The aluminum secondary battery of claim 1, wherein said battery has an average discharge voltage no less than 2.0 volts and a cathode specific capacity greater than 100 mAh/g based on a total cathode active layer weight. Original
The aluminum secondary battery of claim 1, wherein said battery has an average discharge voltage no less than 2.0 volts and a cathode specific capacity greater than 200 mAh/g based on a total cathode active layer weight. Original
A method of manufacturing an aluminum secondary battery, comprising: (a) providing an anode containing aluminum metal or an aluminum alloy; (b) providing a cathode containing a layer of aligned graphene sheets; and (c) providing a porous separator electronically separating said anode and said cathode and an electrolyte capable of supporting reversible deposition and dissolution of aluminum at the anode and reversible adsorption/desorption and/or intercalation/de-intercalation of ions at the cathode; wherein said layer of aligned graphene sheets is oriented in such a manner that said layer has a graphene edge plane in direct contact with said electrolyte and facing or contacting said separator. Original
The method of claim 22, further including providing a porous network of electrically conductive nano-filaments to support said aluminum metal or aluminum alloy at the anode. Original
The method of claim 22, wherein said electrolyte contains an aqueous electrolyte, an organic electrolyte, a molten salt electrolyte, or an ionic liquid. Original
The method of claim 22, wherein providing a cathode contains subjecting a carbon or graphite material to an expansion treatment selected from an oxidation, fluorination, bromination, chlorination, nitrogenation, intercalation, combined oxidation- intercalation, combined fluorination-intercalation, combined bromination-intercalation, combined chlorination-intercalation, or combined nitrogenation-intercalation, followed by thermal exfoliation at a temperature from 100 0 C to 2,500 0 C and mechanical shearing. Original
The method of claim 22, wherein said procedure of providing the cathode includes compressing multiple graphene sheets using a wet compression or dry compression to align said graphene sheets. Original
The method of claim 22, wherein said procedure of providing the cathode includes compressing multiple graphene sheets using a wet compression to align said graphene sheets, wherein said wet compression includes compressing or pressing a suspension of said multiple graphene sheets dispersed in a liquid electrolyte for an aluminum cell. Original
Layer stacks claimed or described, ordered top of device to substrate.
aluminum secondary battery
Materials described outside the worked examples.
aluminum metal or aluminum metal alloy
aligned graphene sheets
Additional fabrication and treatment steps described in the patent.
Measurements and analyses referenced in the patent, with their drawing references.
FIG. 1(A) Schematic drawing illustrating the processes for producing intercalated and/or oxidized graphite, subsequently exfoliated graphite worms, separated …
Performance values and ranges asserted in the specification or claims.
| Property | Value | Material |
|---|---|---|
Physical Density | 0.5–1.8 g/cm3 | aligned graphene sheets |
Physical Density | 1.1–1.8 g/cm3 |
Related documents with shared materials, methods, properties, or citations.
Patent
Atlas literature
Patent
US 10,122,020Patent drawings and their descriptions. Click a drawing to enlarge it.
FIG. 1(A) Schematic drawing illustrating the processes for producing intercalated and/or oxidized graphite, subsequently exfoliated graphite worms, separated …
FIG.2(B) schematic of an aluminum secondary battery cell having a cathode active material layer composed of graphene sheets and an anode composed of Al metal …
FIG. 3 The discharge curves of three Al foil anode-based cells: first one having a cathode layer 20 of highly oriented graphene sheets (aligned perpendicular to …
FIG.4 The specific capacity values of a wide variety of lightly recompressed graphene sheets plotted as a function of the specific surface area.
FIG.5 The specific capacity values of three Al cells plotted as a function of charge/discharge cycles: a cell containing a cathode layer of heavily recompressed …
FIG.6 The Ragone plots of four cells: a cell containing a cathode of original artificial graphite, a cell containing a cathode of oriented graphene sheets …
FIG.7 The specific capacity values, plotted as a function of charge/discharge cycles, of three Al cells: first one containing a cathode of oriented graphene …
Claims define the patent's legal scope. Independent claims stand alone; dependent claims (nested) narrow them. Click a claim to expand its dependents.
An aluminum secondary battery comprising an anode, a cathode, a porous separator electronically separating said anode and said cathode, and an electrolyte in ionic contact with said anode and said cathode to support reversible deposition and dissolution of aluminum at said anode, wherein said anode contains aluminum metal or an aluminum metal alloy as an anode active material and said cathode comprises a layer of aligned graphene sheets that are oriented in such a manner that said layer has a graphene edge plane in direct contact with said electrolyte and facing said separator. Currently amended
The aluminum secondary battery of claim 1, wherein said graphene sheets are produced from a thermally exfoliated product selected from the group consisting of meso-phase pitch, meso-phase carbon, meso carbon micro-beads (MCMB), coke particles, expanded graphite flakes, artificial graphite particles, natural graphite particles, highly oriented pyrolytic graphite, soft carbon particles, hard carbon particles, multi-walled carbon nanotubes, carbon nano-fibers, carbon fibers, graphite nano-fibers, graphite fibers, carbonized polymer fibers, and combinations thereof. Currently amended
The aluminum secondary battery of claim 1, wherein said graphene sheets are bonded together by a binder. Original
The aluminum secondary battery of claim 1, wherein said layer of aligned graphene sheets has a physical density from 0.5 to 1.8 g/cm 3 and has meso-scaled pores having a pore size from 2 nm to 50 n m. Original
The aluminum secondary battery of claim 1, wherein said layer of aligned graphene sheets has a physical density from 1.1 to 1.8 g/cm 3 and has pores having a pore size from 2 nm to 5 nm. Original
The aluminum secondary battery of claim 1, wherein said layer of aligned graphene sheets has a specific surface area from p, p g 20 m 2/g to 1,500 m 2/g. Currently amended
The aluminum secondary battery of claim 1, further comprising an anode current collector supporting said aluminum metal or aluminum metal alloy or further comprising a cathode current collector supporting said layer of recompressed exfoliated graphite or carbon material. Original
The aluminum secondary battery of claim 1, wherein said electrolyte is selected from the group consisting of an aqueous electrolyte, organic electrolyte, molten salt electrolyte, ionic liquid electrolyte, and combinations thereof. Currently amended
The aluminum secondary battery of claim 1, wherein said electrolyte contains Al F 3, A lCl 3, A l Br 3, A lI 3, A lF X Cl(3 -x), A lBrCl(3 -x), A lI X Cl(3 -x), or a combination thereof, wherein x is from 0.01 to 2.0. Original
The aluminum secondary battery of claim 1, wherein said electrolyte contains an ionic liquid that contains an aluminum salt mixed with an organic chloride selected from the group consisting of n-butyl-pyridinium-chloride (BuPyC l), 1-methyl-3- ethylimidazolium-chloride (ME ICl), 2-dimethyl-3-propylimidazolium-chloride, 1,4- dimethyl-1,2,4-triazolium chloride (DMTC), and mixtures thereof. Currently amended
The aluminum secondary battery of claim 1, wherein the electrolyte also supports reversible intercalation and de-intercalation of ions at the cathode, wherein said ions include cations, anions, or both. Original
The aluminum secondary battery of claim 1, wherein said layer of aligned graphene sheets operates as a cathode current collector to collect electrons during a discharge of said aluminum secondary battery and wherein said battery contains no separate or additional cathode current collector. Original
The aluminum secondary battery of claim 1, wherein said layer of aligned graphene sheets further comprises an electrically conductive binder material which bonds said oriented graphene sheets together to form a cathode electrode layer. Original
The aluminum secondary battery of claim 1, wherein said battery has an average discharge voltage no less than 1.5 volt and a cathode specific capacity greater than 100 mAh/g based on a total cathode active layer weight. Original
The aluminum secondary battery of claim 1, wherein said battery has an average discharge voltage no less than 1.5 volt and a cathode specific capacity greater than 200 mAh/g based on a total cathode active layer weight. Original
The aluminum secondary battery of claim 1, wherein said battery has an average discharge voltage no less than 2.0 volts and a cathode specific capacity greater than 100 mAh/g based on a total cathode active layer weight. Original
The aluminum secondary battery of claim 1, wherein said battery has an average discharge voltage no less than 2.0 volts and a cathode specific capacity greater than 200 mAh/g based on a total cathode active layer weight. Original
A method of manufacturing an aluminum secondary battery, comprising: (a) providing an anode containing aluminum metal or an aluminum alloy; (b) providing a cathode containing a layer of aligned graphene sheets; and (c) providing a porous separator electronically separating said anode and said cathode and an electrolyte capable of supporting reversible deposition and dissolution of aluminum at the anode and reversible adsorption/desorption and/or intercalation/de-intercalation of ions at the cathode; wherein said layer of aligned graphene sheets is oriented in such a manner that said layer has a graphene edge plane in direct contact with said electrolyte and facing or contacting said separator. Original
The method of claim 22, further including providing a porous network of electrically conductive nano-filaments to support said aluminum metal or aluminum alloy at the anode. Original
The method of claim 22, wherein said electrolyte contains an aqueous electrolyte, an organic electrolyte, a molten salt electrolyte, or an ionic liquid. Original
The method of claim 22, wherein providing a cathode contains subjecting a carbon or graphite material to an expansion treatment selected from an oxidation, fluorination, bromination, chlorination, nitrogenation, intercalation, combined oxidation- intercalation, combined fluorination-intercalation, combined bromination-intercalation, combined chlorination-intercalation, or combined nitrogenation-intercalation, followed by thermal exfoliation at a temperature from 100 0 C to 2,500 0 C and mechanical shearing. Original
The method of claim 22, wherein said procedure of providing the cathode includes compressing multiple graphene sheets using a wet compression or dry compression to align said graphene sheets. Original
The method of claim 22, wherein said procedure of providing the cathode includes compressing multiple graphene sheets using a wet compression to align said graphene sheets, wherein said wet compression includes compressing or pressing a suspension of said multiple graphene sheets dispersed in a liquid electrolyte for an aluminum cell. Original
Layer stacks claimed or described, ordered top of device to substrate.
aluminum secondary battery
Materials described outside the worked examples.
aluminum metal or aluminum metal alloy
aligned graphene sheets
Additional fabrication and treatment steps described in the patent.
Measurements and analyses referenced in the patent, with their drawing references.
FIG. 1(A) Schematic drawing illustrating the processes for producing intercalated and/or oxidized graphite, subsequently exfoliated graphite worms, separated …
Performance values and ranges asserted in the specification or claims.
| Property | Value | Material |
|---|---|---|
Physical Density | 0.5–1.8 g/cm3 | aligned graphene sheets |
Physical Density | 1.1–1.8 g/cm3 |
Related documents with shared materials, methods, properties, or citations.
Patent
Atlas literature
Patent
US 10,122,020Patent drawings and their descriptions. Click a drawing to enlarge it.
FIG. 1(A) Schematic drawing illustrating the processes for producing intercalated and/or oxidized graphite, subsequently exfoliated graphite worms, separated …
FIG.2(B) schematic of an aluminum secondary battery cell having a cathode active material layer composed of graphene sheets and an anode composed of Al metal …
FIG. 3 The discharge curves of three Al foil anode-based cells: first one having a cathode layer 20 of highly oriented graphene sheets (aligned perpendicular to …
FIG.4 The specific capacity values of a wide variety of lightly recompressed graphene sheets plotted as a function of the specific surface area.
FIG.5 The specific capacity values of three Al cells plotted as a function of charge/discharge cycles: a cell containing a cathode layer of heavily recompressed …
FIG.6 The Ragone plots of four cells: a cell containing a cathode of original artificial graphite, a cell containing a cathode of oriented graphene sheets …
FIG.7 The specific capacity values, plotted as a function of charge/discharge cycles, of three Al cells: first one containing a cathode of oriented graphene …
Claims define the patent's legal scope. Independent claims stand alone; dependent claims (nested) narrow them. Click a claim to expand its dependents.
An aluminum secondary battery comprising an anode, a cathode, a porous separator electronically separating said anode and said cathode, and an electrolyte in ionic contact with said anode and said cathode to support reversible deposition and dissolution of aluminum at said anode, wherein said anode contains aluminum metal or an aluminum metal alloy as an anode active material and said cathode comprises a layer of aligned graphene sheets that are oriented in such a manner that said layer has a graphene edge plane in direct contact with said electrolyte and facing said separator. Currently amended
The aluminum secondary battery of claim 1, wherein said graphene sheets are produced from a thermally exfoliated product selected from the group consisting of meso-phase pitch, meso-phase carbon, meso carbon micro-beads (MCMB), coke particles, expanded graphite flakes, artificial graphite particles, natural graphite particles, highly oriented pyrolytic graphite, soft carbon particles, hard carbon particles, multi-walled carbon nanotubes, carbon nano-fibers, carbon fibers, graphite nano-fibers, graphite fibers, carbonized polymer fibers, and combinations thereof. Currently amended
The aluminum secondary battery of claim 1, wherein said graphene sheets are bonded together by a binder. Original
The aluminum secondary battery of claim 1, wherein said layer of aligned graphene sheets has a physical density from 0.5 to 1.8 g/cm 3 and has meso-scaled pores having a pore size from 2 nm to 50 n m. Original
The aluminum secondary battery of claim 1, wherein said layer of aligned graphene sheets has a physical density from 1.1 to 1.8 g/cm 3 and has pores having a pore size from 2 nm to 5 nm. Original
The aluminum secondary battery of claim 1, wherein said layer of aligned graphene sheets has a specific surface area from p, p g 20 m 2/g to 1,500 m 2/g. Currently amended
The aluminum secondary battery of claim 1, further comprising an anode current collector supporting said aluminum metal or aluminum metal alloy or further comprising a cathode current collector supporting said layer of recompressed exfoliated graphite or carbon material. Original
The aluminum secondary battery of claim 1, wherein said electrolyte is selected from the group consisting of an aqueous electrolyte, organic electrolyte, molten salt electrolyte, ionic liquid electrolyte, and combinations thereof. Currently amended
The aluminum secondary battery of claim 1, wherein said electrolyte contains Al F 3, A lCl 3, A l Br 3, A lI 3, A lF X Cl(3 -x), A lBrCl(3 -x), A lI X Cl(3 -x), or a combination thereof, wherein x is from 0.01 to 2.0. Original
The aluminum secondary battery of claim 1, wherein said electrolyte contains an ionic liquid that contains an aluminum salt mixed with an organic chloride selected from the group consisting of n-butyl-pyridinium-chloride (BuPyC l), 1-methyl-3- ethylimidazolium-chloride (ME ICl), 2-dimethyl-3-propylimidazolium-chloride, 1,4- dimethyl-1,2,4-triazolium chloride (DMTC), and mixtures thereof. Currently amended
The aluminum secondary battery of claim 1, wherein the electrolyte also supports reversible intercalation and de-intercalation of ions at the cathode, wherein said ions include cations, anions, or both. Original
The aluminum secondary battery of claim 1, wherein said layer of aligned graphene sheets operates as a cathode current collector to collect electrons during a discharge of said aluminum secondary battery and wherein said battery contains no separate or additional cathode current collector. Original
The aluminum secondary battery of claim 1, wherein said layer of aligned graphene sheets further comprises an electrically conductive binder material which bonds said oriented graphene sheets together to form a cathode electrode layer. Original
The aluminum secondary battery of claim 1, wherein said battery has an average discharge voltage no less than 1.5 volt and a cathode specific capacity greater than 100 mAh/g based on a total cathode active layer weight. Original
The aluminum secondary battery of claim 1, wherein said battery has an average discharge voltage no less than 1.5 volt and a cathode specific capacity greater than 200 mAh/g based on a total cathode active layer weight. Original
The aluminum secondary battery of claim 1, wherein said battery has an average discharge voltage no less than 2.0 volts and a cathode specific capacity greater than 100 mAh/g based on a total cathode active layer weight. Original
The aluminum secondary battery of claim 1, wherein said battery has an average discharge voltage no less than 2.0 volts and a cathode specific capacity greater than 200 mAh/g based on a total cathode active layer weight. Original
A method of manufacturing an aluminum secondary battery, comprising: (a) providing an anode containing aluminum metal or an aluminum alloy; (b) providing a cathode containing a layer of aligned graphene sheets; and (c) providing a porous separator electronically separating said anode and said cathode and an electrolyte capable of supporting reversible deposition and dissolution of aluminum at the anode and reversible adsorption/desorption and/or intercalation/de-intercalation of ions at the cathode; wherein said layer of aligned graphene sheets is oriented in such a manner that said layer has a graphene edge plane in direct contact with said electrolyte and facing or contacting said separator. Original
The method of claim 22, further including providing a porous network of electrically conductive nano-filaments to support said aluminum metal or aluminum alloy at the anode. Original
The method of claim 22, wherein said electrolyte contains an aqueous electrolyte, an organic electrolyte, a molten salt electrolyte, or an ionic liquid. Original
The method of claim 22, wherein providing a cathode contains subjecting a carbon or graphite material to an expansion treatment selected from an oxidation, fluorination, bromination, chlorination, nitrogenation, intercalation, combined oxidation- intercalation, combined fluorination-intercalation, combined bromination-intercalation, combined chlorination-intercalation, or combined nitrogenation-intercalation, followed by thermal exfoliation at a temperature from 100 0 C to 2,500 0 C and mechanical shearing. Original
The method of claim 22, wherein said procedure of providing the cathode includes compressing multiple graphene sheets using a wet compression or dry compression to align said graphene sheets. Original
The method of claim 22, wherein said procedure of providing the cathode includes compressing multiple graphene sheets using a wet compression to align said graphene sheets, wherein said wet compression includes compressing or pressing a suspension of said multiple graphene sheets dispersed in a liquid electrolyte for an aluminum cell. Original
Layer stacks claimed or described, ordered top of device to substrate.
aluminum secondary battery
Materials described outside the worked examples.
aluminum metal or aluminum metal alloy
aligned graphene sheets
Additional fabrication and treatment steps described in the patent.
Measurements and analyses referenced in the patent, with their drawing references.
FIG. 1(A) Schematic drawing illustrating the processes for producing intercalated and/or oxidized graphite, subsequently exfoliated graphite worms, separated …
Performance values and ranges asserted in the specification or claims.
| Property | Value | Material |
|---|---|---|
Physical Density | 0.5–1.8 g/cm3 | aligned graphene sheets |
Physical Density | 1.1–1.8 g/cm3 |
Related documents with shared materials, methods, properties, or citations.
electrolyte
binder
ionic liquid electrolyte/aqueous electrolyte/organic electrolyte/molten salt electrolyte
aluminum halide electrolyte salts (AlF3, AlCl3, AlBr3, AlI3, AlFxCl(3-x), AlBrCl(3-x), AlIxCl(3-x))
ionic liquid containing aluminum salt and organic chloride (BuPyCl, MEICl, 2-dimethyl-3-propylimidazolium-chloride, DMTC)
electrically conductive binder (coal tar pitch, petroleum pitch, meso-phase pitch, conducting polymer, polymeric carbon)
FIG. 1(A) Schematic drawing illustrating the processes for producing intercalated and/or oxidized graphite, subsequently exfoliated graphite worms, separated …
Specific Surface Area | 20–1500 m2/g | aligned graphene sheets |
Average Discharge Voltage | ≥ 1.5 V | — |
Average Discharge Voltage | ≥ 1.5 V | — |
Average Discharge Voltage | ≥ 2 V | — |
Average Discharge Voltage | ≥ 2 V | — |
Thickness | 0.32–0.36 nm | — |
Duration | 30–120 s | — |
Temperature | 275–450 °C | — |
Thickness | 0.3339–0.3465 nm | — |
Thickness | 0.27–0.42 nm | — |
Thickness | 0.32–0.35 nm | — |
Thickness | 0.42–2 nm | — |
Temperature | 800–2500 °C | — |
Thickness | 0.5–1.2 nm | — |
Thickness | 0.9–1.2 nm | — |
Thickness | 0.5–0.9 nm | — |
Temperature | 900–1050 °C | — |
Thickness | 0.335–0.36 nm | — |
Temperature | 200–400 °C | — |
Temperature | 150–250 °C | — |
Temperature | 950–1100 °C | — |
Thickness | 0–2 mm | — |
Thickness | 2–20 nm | — |
Thickness | ≤ 10 nm | — |
Thickness | ≤ 3 nm | — |
Thickness | ≤ 0.37 nm | — |
Thickness | ≤ 0.35 nm | — |
Thickness | ≤ 0.4 nm | — |
Thickness | ≤ 500 nm | — |
— | ≤ 500 W | — |
Thickness | ≥ 1 nm | — |
Thickness | ≥ 0.5 nm | — |
Thickness | ≥ 0.6 nm | — |
Temperature | ≥ 200 °C | — |
Pressure | ≥ 1 atm | — |
Pressure | ≥ 3 atm | — |
Thickness | 2–5 nm | — |
Thickness | 2–50 nm | — |
Thickness | 0.43–1.2 nm | — |
Temperature | 100–350 °C | — |
Duration | 1–24 hours | — |
electrolyte
binder
ionic liquid electrolyte/aqueous electrolyte/organic electrolyte/molten salt electrolyte
aluminum halide electrolyte salts (AlF3, AlCl3, AlBr3, AlI3, AlFxCl(3-x), AlBrCl(3-x), AlIxCl(3-x))
ionic liquid containing aluminum salt and organic chloride (BuPyCl, MEICl, 2-dimethyl-3-propylimidazolium-chloride, DMTC)
electrically conductive binder (coal tar pitch, petroleum pitch, meso-phase pitch, conducting polymer, polymeric carbon)
FIG. 1(A) Schematic drawing illustrating the processes for producing intercalated and/or oxidized graphite, subsequently exfoliated graphite worms, separated …
Specific Surface Area | 20–1500 m2/g | aligned graphene sheets |
Average Discharge Voltage | ≥ 1.5 V | — |
Average Discharge Voltage | ≥ 1.5 V | — |
Average Discharge Voltage | ≥ 2 V | — |
Average Discharge Voltage | ≥ 2 V | — |
Thickness | 0.32–0.36 nm | — |
Duration | 30–120 s | — |
Temperature | 275–450 °C | — |
Thickness | 0.3339–0.3465 nm | — |
Thickness | 0.27–0.42 nm | — |
Thickness | 0.32–0.35 nm | — |
Thickness | 0.42–2 nm | — |
Temperature | 800–2500 °C | — |
Thickness | 0.5–1.2 nm | — |
Thickness | 0.9–1.2 nm | — |
Thickness | 0.5–0.9 nm | — |
Temperature | 900–1050 °C | — |
Thickness | 0.335–0.36 nm | — |
Temperature | 200–400 °C | — |
Temperature | 150–250 °C | — |
Temperature | 950–1100 °C | — |
Thickness | 0–2 mm | — |
Thickness | 2–20 nm | — |
Thickness | ≤ 10 nm | — |
Thickness | ≤ 3 nm | — |
Thickness | ≤ 0.37 nm | — |
Thickness | ≤ 0.35 nm | — |
Thickness | ≤ 0.4 nm | — |
Thickness | ≤ 500 nm | — |
— | ≤ 500 W | — |
Thickness | ≥ 1 nm | — |
Thickness | ≥ 0.5 nm | — |
Thickness | ≥ 0.6 nm | — |
Temperature | ≥ 200 °C | — |
Pressure | ≥ 1 atm | — |
Pressure | ≥ 3 atm | — |
Thickness | 2–5 nm | — |
Thickness | 2–50 nm | — |
Thickness | 0.43–1.2 nm | — |
Temperature | 100–350 °C | — |
Duration | 1–24 hours | — |
electrolyte
binder
ionic liquid electrolyte/aqueous electrolyte/organic electrolyte/molten salt electrolyte
aluminum halide electrolyte salts (AlF3, AlCl3, AlBr3, AlI3, AlFxCl(3-x), AlBrCl(3-x), AlIxCl(3-x))
ionic liquid containing aluminum salt and organic chloride (BuPyCl, MEICl, 2-dimethyl-3-propylimidazolium-chloride, DMTC)
electrically conductive binder (coal tar pitch, petroleum pitch, meso-phase pitch, conducting polymer, polymeric carbon)
FIG. 1(A) Schematic drawing illustrating the processes for producing intercalated and/or oxidized graphite, subsequently exfoliated graphite worms, separated …
Specific Surface Area | 20–1500 m2/g | aligned graphene sheets |
Average Discharge Voltage | ≥ 1.5 V | — |
Average Discharge Voltage | ≥ 1.5 V | — |
Average Discharge Voltage | ≥ 2 V | — |
Average Discharge Voltage | ≥ 2 V | — |
Thickness | 0.32–0.36 nm | — |
Duration | 30–120 s | — |
Temperature | 275–450 °C | — |
Thickness | 0.3339–0.3465 nm | — |
Thickness | 0.27–0.42 nm | — |
Thickness | 0.32–0.35 nm | — |
Thickness | 0.42–2 nm | — |
Temperature | 800–2500 °C | — |
Thickness | 0.5–1.2 nm | — |
Thickness | 0.9–1.2 nm | — |
Thickness | 0.5–0.9 nm | — |
Temperature | 900–1050 °C | — |
Thickness | 0.335–0.36 nm | — |
Temperature | 200–400 °C | — |
Temperature | 150–250 °C | — |
Temperature | 950–1100 °C | — |
Thickness | 0–2 mm | — |
Thickness | 2–20 nm | — |
Thickness | ≤ 10 nm | — |
Thickness | ≤ 3 nm | — |
Thickness | ≤ 0.37 nm | — |
Thickness | ≤ 0.35 nm | — |
Thickness | ≤ 0.4 nm | — |
Thickness | ≤ 500 nm | — |
— | ≤ 500 W | — |
Thickness | ≥ 1 nm | — |
Thickness | ≥ 0.5 nm | — |
Thickness | ≥ 0.6 nm | — |
Temperature | ≥ 200 °C | — |
Pressure | ≥ 1 atm | — |
Pressure | ≥ 3 atm | — |
Thickness | 2–5 nm | — |
Thickness | 2–50 nm | — |
Thickness | 0.43–1.2 nm | — |
Temperature | 100–350 °C | — |
Duration | 1–24 hours | — |
electrolyte
binder
ionic liquid electrolyte/aqueous electrolyte/organic electrolyte/molten salt electrolyte
aluminum halide electrolyte salts (AlF3, AlCl3, AlBr3, AlI3, AlFxCl(3-x), AlBrCl(3-x), AlIxCl(3-x))
ionic liquid containing aluminum salt and organic chloride (BuPyCl, MEICl, 2-dimethyl-3-propylimidazolium-chloride, DMTC)
electrically conductive binder (coal tar pitch, petroleum pitch, meso-phase pitch, conducting polymer, polymeric carbon)
FIG. 1(A) Schematic drawing illustrating the processes for producing intercalated and/or oxidized graphite, subsequently exfoliated graphite worms, separated …
Specific Surface Area | 20–1500 m2/g | aligned graphene sheets |
Average Discharge Voltage | ≥ 1.5 V | — |
Average Discharge Voltage | ≥ 1.5 V | — |
Average Discharge Voltage | ≥ 2 V | — |
Average Discharge Voltage | ≥ 2 V | — |
Thickness | 0.32–0.36 nm | — |
Duration | 30–120 s | — |
Temperature | 275–450 °C | — |
Thickness | 0.3339–0.3465 nm | — |
Thickness | 0.27–0.42 nm | — |
Thickness | 0.32–0.35 nm | — |
Thickness | 0.42–2 nm | — |
Temperature | 800–2500 °C | — |
Thickness | 0.5–1.2 nm | — |
Thickness | 0.9–1.2 nm | — |
Thickness | 0.5–0.9 nm | — |
Temperature | 900–1050 °C | — |
Thickness | 0.335–0.36 nm | — |
Temperature | 200–400 °C | — |
Temperature | 150–250 °C | — |
Temperature | 950–1100 °C | — |
Thickness | 0–2 mm | — |
Thickness | 2–20 nm | — |
Thickness | ≤ 10 nm | — |
Thickness | ≤ 3 nm | — |
Thickness | ≤ 0.37 nm | — |
Thickness | ≤ 0.35 nm | — |
Thickness | ≤ 0.4 nm | — |
Thickness | ≤ 500 nm | — |
— | ≤ 500 W | — |
Thickness | ≥ 1 nm | — |
Thickness | ≥ 0.5 nm | — |
Thickness | ≥ 0.6 nm | — |
Temperature | ≥ 200 °C | — |
Pressure | ≥ 1 atm | — |
Pressure | ≥ 3 atm | — |
Thickness | 2–5 nm | — |
Thickness | 2–50 nm | — |
Thickness | 0.43–1.2 nm | — |
Temperature | 100–350 °C | — |
Duration | 1–24 hours | — |