A molybdenum disulfide/graphene/carbon composite material, wherein the molybdenum disulfide/graphene/car-bon composite material is composed of a composite nanofiber with a diameter of 60 nm to 500 nm; in a mass percentage, the composite nanofiber comprises 3% to 35% of molybdenum disulfide, 0.2% to 10% of graphene, and 60% to 95% of carbon; and the composite nanofiber has a hierarchical pore structure distributed along an axial direc-tion, wherein based on a pore volume, in the hierarchical pore structure, a microporous structure accounts for 25% to 60% and a mesoporous structure accounts for 40% to 75%, wherein the molybdenum disulfide and the graphene both are each uniformly dispersed as monolayer structures in the composite nanofiber based on a carbon nanofiber, wherein the molybdenum disulfide/graphene/carbon com-posite material has a specific surface area of 500 m2/g to 3,200 m2/g, wherein the hierarchical pore structure has a pore diam-eter continuously distributed between 0.1 nm and 5 µm, and an average pore diameter of the hierarchical pore structure is 1.5 nm to 25 nm, wherein the microporous structure is distributed on a surface of the composite nanofiber and a pore wall of the mesoporous structure, and wherein the composite material is prepared by the fol-lowing method: (1) adding 0.6 g to 1.5 g of polyacrylonitrile, 0.5 g to 1.2 g of polyvinylpyrrolidone, 0.2 g to 1.0 g of ammonium tetrathiomolybdate, and 0.05 g to 0.2 g of graphene to 10 g to 16 g of N,N-dimethylformamide, stirring a resulting solution for dissolution, and filtering the resulting solution through a 400-mesh stainless steel mesh to obtain a filtrate; (2) conducting an electrostatic spinning of said filtrate to obtain a composite fiber film; (3) placing the composite fiber film in a tube furnace, and in a N₂/H₂ mixed atmosphere with a volume ratio of 9/1, heating the tube furnace to a temperature of 380° C. to 450° C. at a heating rate of 2° C./min to 6° C./min, holding the temperature for 1 hour to 6 hours, cooling the tube furnace to room temperature, and taking a treated composite fiber film out of the tube furnace; (4) preparing a KOH saturated solution, subjecting the treated composite fiber film to an ultrasonic treatment in the KOH saturated solution for 1 hour and a static impregnation for 48 hours in the KOH saturated solu-tion, and vacuum-drying an impregnated composite fiber film for 8 hours to obtain a dried composite fiber film, wherein a mass ratio of the treated composite fiber film to KOH is 1:(0.4-10); and (5) placing the dried composite fiber film in the tube furnace, and in an argon atmosphere, heating the tube furnace to 750° C. to 850° C. at a heating rate of 2° C./min to 10° C./min to conduct a high-temperature activation for 1 hour to 16 hours, cooling the tube B₂ furnace to room temperature, and taking a product out; and washing the product with a dilute hydrochloric acid solution, and vacuum-drying a washed product for 10 hours to obtain the molybdenum disulfide/graphene/carbon composite material with the hierarchical pore structure.

A molybdenum disulfide/graphene/carbon composite material, wherein the molybdenum disulfide/graphene/car-bon composite material is composed of a composite nanofiber with a diameter of 60 nm to 500 nm; in a mass percentage, the composite nanofiber comprises 3% to 35% of molybdenum disulfide, 0.2% to 10% of graphene, and 60% to 95% of carbon; and the composite nanofiber has a hierarchical pore structure distributed along an axial direc-tion, wherein based on a pore volume, in the hierarchical pore structure, a microporous structure accounts for 25% to 60% and a mesoporous structure accounts for 40% to 75%, wherein the molybdenum disulfide and the graphene both are each uniformly dispersed as monolayer structures in the composite nanofiber based on a carbon nanofiber, wherein the molybdenum disulfide/graphene/carbon com-posite material has a specific surface area of 500 m2/g to 3,200 m2/g, wherein the hierarchical pore structure has a pore diam-eter continuously distributed between 0.1 nm and 5 µm, and an average pore diameter of the hierarchical pore structure is 1.5 nm to 25 nm, wherein the microporous structure is distributed on a surface of the composite nanofiber and a pore wall of the mesoporous structure, and wherein the composite material is prepared by the fol-lowing method: (1) adding 0.6 g to 1.5 g of polyacrylonitrile, 0.5 g to 1.2 g of polyvinylpyrrolidone, 0.2 g to 1.0 g of ammonium tetrathiomolybdate, and 0.05 g to 0.2 g of graphene to 10 g to 16 g of N,N-dimethylformamide, stirring a resulting solution for dissolution, and filtering the resulting solution through a 400-mesh stainless steel mesh to obtain a filtrate; (2) conducting an electrostatic spinning of said filtrate to obtain a composite fiber film; (3) placing the composite fiber film in a tube furnace, and in a N₂/H₂ mixed atmosphere with a volume ratio of 9/1, heating the tube furnace to a temperature of 380° C. to 450° C. at a heating rate of 2° C./min to 6° C./min, holding the temperature for 1 hour to 6 hours, cooling the tube furnace to room temperature, and taking a treated composite fiber film out of the tube furnace; (4) preparing a KOH saturated solution, subjecting the treated composite fiber film to an ultrasonic treatment in the KOH saturated solution for 1 hour and a static impregnation for 48 hours in the KOH saturated solu-tion, and vacuum-drying an impregnated composite fiber film for 8 hours to obtain a dried composite fiber film, wherein a mass ratio of the treated composite fiber film to KOH is 1:(0.4-10); and (5) placing the dried composite fiber film in the tube furnace, and in an argon atmosphere, heating the tube furnace to 750° C. to 850° C. at a heating rate of 2° C./min to 10° C./min to conduct a high-temperature activation for 1 hour to 16 hours, cooling the tube B₂ furnace to room temperature, and taking a product out; and washing the product with a dilute hydrochloric acid solution, and vacuum-drying a washed product for 10 hours to obtain the molybdenum disulfide/graphene/carbon composite material with the hierarchical pore structure.

A molybdenum disulfide/graphene/carbon composite material, wherein the molybdenum disulfide/graphene/car-bon composite material is composed of a composite nanofiber with a diameter of 60 nm to 500 nm; in a mass percentage, the composite nanofiber comprises 3% to 35% of molybdenum disulfide, 0.2% to 10% of graphene, and 60% to 95% of carbon; and the composite nanofiber has a hierarchical pore structure distributed along an axial direc-tion, wherein based on a pore volume, in the hierarchical pore structure, a microporous structure accounts for 25% to 60% and a mesoporous structure accounts for 40% to 75%, wherein the molybdenum disulfide and the graphene both are each uniformly dispersed as monolayer structures in the composite nanofiber based on a carbon nanofiber, wherein the molybdenum disulfide/graphene/carbon com-posite material has a specific surface area of 500 m2/g to 3,200 m2/g, wherein the hierarchical pore structure has a pore diam-eter continuously distributed between 0.1 nm and 5 µm, and an average pore diameter of the hierarchical pore structure is 1.5 nm to 25 nm, wherein the microporous structure is distributed on a surface of the composite nanofiber and a pore wall of the mesoporous structure, and wherein the composite material is prepared by the fol-lowing method: (1) adding 0.6 g to 1.5 g of polyacrylonitrile, 0.5 g to 1.2 g of polyvinylpyrrolidone, 0.2 g to 1.0 g of ammonium tetrathiomolybdate, and 0.05 g to 0.2 g of graphene to 10 g to 16 g of N,N-dimethylformamide, stirring a resulting solution for dissolution, and filtering the resulting solution through a 400-mesh stainless steel mesh to obtain a filtrate; (2) conducting an electrostatic spinning of said filtrate to obtain a composite fiber film; (3) placing the composite fiber film in a tube furnace, and in a N₂/H₂ mixed atmosphere with a volume ratio of 9/1, heating the tube furnace to a temperature of 380° C. to 450° C. at a heating rate of 2° C./min to 6° C./min, holding the temperature for 1 hour to 6 hours, cooling the tube furnace to room temperature, and taking a treated composite fiber film out of the tube furnace; (4) preparing a KOH saturated solution, subjecting the treated composite fiber film to an ultrasonic treatment in the KOH saturated solution for 1 hour and a static impregnation for 48 hours in the KOH saturated solu-tion, and vacuum-drying an impregnated composite fiber film for 8 hours to obtain a dried composite fiber film, wherein a mass ratio of the treated composite fiber film to KOH is 1:(0.4-10); and (5) placing the dried composite fiber film in the tube furnace, and in an argon atmosphere, heating the tube furnace to 750° C. to 850° C. at a heating rate of 2° C./min to 10° C./min to conduct a high-temperature activation for 1 hour to 16 hours, cooling the tube B₂ furnace to room temperature, and taking a product out; and washing the product with a dilute hydrochloric acid solution, and vacuum-drying a washed product for 10 hours to obtain the molybdenum disulfide/graphene/carbon composite material with the hierarchical pore structure.

A molybdenum disulfide/graphene/carbon composite material, wherein the molybdenum disulfide/graphene/car-bon composite material is composed of a composite nanofiber with a diameter of 60 nm to 500 nm; in a mass percentage, the composite nanofiber comprises 3% to 35% of molybdenum disulfide, 0.2% to 10% of graphene, and 60% to 95% of carbon; and the composite nanofiber has a hierarchical pore structure distributed along an axial direc-tion, wherein based on a pore volume, in the hierarchical pore structure, a microporous structure accounts for 25% to 60% and a mesoporous structure accounts for 40% to 75%, wherein the molybdenum disulfide and the graphene both are each uniformly dispersed as monolayer structures in the composite nanofiber based on a carbon nanofiber, wherein the molybdenum disulfide/graphene/carbon com-posite material has a specific surface area of 500 m2/g to 3,200 m2/g, wherein the hierarchical pore structure has a pore diam-eter continuously distributed between 0.1 nm and 5 µm, and an average pore diameter of the hierarchical pore structure is 1.5 nm to 25 nm, wherein the microporous structure is distributed on a surface of the composite nanofiber and a pore wall of the mesoporous structure, and wherein the composite material is prepared by the fol-lowing method: (1) adding 0.6 g to 1.5 g of polyacrylonitrile, 0.5 g to 1.2 g of polyvinylpyrrolidone, 0.2 g to 1.0 g of ammonium tetrathiomolybdate, and 0.05 g to 0.2 g of graphene to 10 g to 16 g of N,N-dimethylformamide, stirring a resulting solution for dissolution, and filtering the resulting solution through a 400-mesh stainless steel mesh to obtain a filtrate; (2) conducting an electrostatic spinning of said filtrate to obtain a composite fiber film; (3) placing the composite fiber film in a tube furnace, and in a N₂/H₂ mixed atmosphere with a volume ratio of 9/1, heating the tube furnace to a temperature of 380° C. to 450° C. at a heating rate of 2° C./min to 6° C./min, holding the temperature for 1 hour to 6 hours, cooling the tube furnace to room temperature, and taking a treated composite fiber film out of the tube furnace; (4) preparing a KOH saturated solution, subjecting the treated composite fiber film to an ultrasonic treatment in the KOH saturated solution for 1 hour and a static impregnation for 48 hours in the KOH saturated solu-tion, and vacuum-drying an impregnated composite fiber film for 8 hours to obtain a dried composite fiber film, wherein a mass ratio of the treated composite fiber film to KOH is 1:(0.4-10); and (5) placing the dried composite fiber film in the tube furnace, and in an argon atmosphere, heating the tube furnace to 750° C. to 850° C. at a heating rate of 2° C./min to 10° C./min to conduct a high-temperature activation for 1 hour to 16 hours, cooling the tube B₂ furnace to room temperature, and taking a product out; and washing the product with a dilute hydrochloric acid solution, and vacuum-drying a washed product for 10 hours to obtain the molybdenum disulfide/graphene/carbon composite material with the hierarchical pore structure.