Patent
US 10,280,317Enhanced Conductivity, Adhesion and Environmental Stability of Printed Graphene Inks with Nitrocellulose
Mark C. Hersam
US
Copyright © 2026 Matter42. All rights reserved.
Patent
Atlas literature
Patent
US 10,280,317Patent drawings and their descriptions. Click a drawing to enlarge it.
Figures 2A-D. (A) UV-Vis absorbance spectra of exfoliated graphene/nitrocellulose dispersions corresponding to different shear mixing times. (B) Graphene yield as a function of shear mixing time, showing preparation of high concentration dispersions. (C,D) Number-weighted and volume-weighted …
Figure 3. Height profile of an inkjet printed drop (from
Figure 2C).
Figures 4A-D. I nkjet printing of graphene/nitrocellulose. (A) Images of drop formation during jetting. (B,C) Optical microscopy images of an inkjet-printed drop and large-area drop array, respectively; inset of (C) shows a height profile of a single drop. (D) Optical microscopy image of printed …
Figure 5. Sheet resistance map for spray-coated graphene films, showing large-area uniformity.
Figures 6A-F. Characterization of graphene/nitrocellulose thin films. (A) TGA curve for graphene/nitrocellulose powder. (B) Representative Raman spectra as-cast and following annealing. (C) X PS spectra of graphene/nitrocellulose films as-cast and following annealing. (D) X PS spectra for the C i s …
Figures 7A-B. TGA results for (A) pure nitrocellulose (B) graphene/NC composite, upon heating in air with a 5 ° C/min temperature ramp.
Figures 8A-E. Functional properties of graphene/nitrocellulose thin films. (A) Conductivity of graphene films for different annealing temperatures. (B) Normalized resistance of graphene lines over 2,000 bending cycles to a radius of curvature of 1.3 mm (tensile strain of 5.1 %). (C) Optical results of …
Figure 9. Schematic description of the Scotch TM tap e test.
Figures 10 A-B. Sonication test for graphene/ethyl cellulose and graphene/nitrocellulose films on glass. (A) Plot of the percent film remaining as a function of sonication time. (B) Series of images of graphene films following different durations in the ultrasonic bath.
Figure 11. Thickness of graphene/nitrocellulose films following annealing at different conditions.
Figures 12A-B. Bending test setup (A) and operating principle (B).
Figures 13A-C. Process overview and proof of concept. (A) Chemical structure of nitrocellulose (left) and graphene (right). (B) Differential scanning calorimetry of graphene/nitrocellulose showing the large exothermic reaction of nitrocellulose at ~2 00 0 C. (C) Schematic illustration of photonic …
Figure 14. Differential scanning calorimetry of graphene/EC showing endothermic decomposition for EC. The measurement is taken under nitrogen to more closely mimic rapid photonic annealing.
Figures 15A-D. Microstructural characterization of graphene films. (A,B) Cross sectional SEM images of graphene/EC films before and after exposure to pulsed light annealing, respectively, showing minimal change in microstructure and thus ineffective annealing. (C,D) Corresponding images for …
Figures 16A-C. Chemical characterization of photonically annealed graphene/nitrocellulose films. (A) FT I R spectra for graphene/nitrocellulose films following different photonic annealing conditions. (B) Evolution of the FTIR peak intensity with photonic pulse energy, showing a sharp threshold. (C) …
Figures 17A-C. Chemical characterization of graphene/NC as a function of annealing conditions. (A) XPS C l s spectra for graphene/NC films following different post- treatment conditions. (B) Representative Raman spectra for different photonic annealing conditions. (C) I D/I G rati o follo wing …
Figures 18A-C. Electrical characterization of photonically annealed graphene/nitrocellulose films. (A) Sheet resistance as a function of photonic annealing pulse energy. (B) Normalized sheet resistance relative to thermal annealing for graphene/nitrocellulose films on various substrates. (C) Sheet …
Figure 19. Sheet resistance of photonic annealed samples relative to a thermally annealed reference for graphene/NC and graphene/EC. Graphene/NC shows an abrupt threshold for nitrocellulose decomposition and a minimum resistance on par with thermal annealing.
Figures 20A-D. Printed and photonically annealed graphene/nitrocellulose microsupercapacitors. (A) Digital image of the extrusion printing head during device fabrication, with an inset image of the printed interdigitated electrodes. (B) Optical profilometry data showing the height map of the device …
Figures 21A-D. Characterization of graphene MSCs. (A) Thickness and (B) capacitance of printed graphene/NC MSCs as a function of printed layer number, showing a consistent linear increase in both values. (C) Capacitance for graphene/EC MSCs with different thicknesses, showing relatively constant …
Claims define the patent's legal scope. Independent claims stand alone; dependent claims (nested) narrow them. Click a claim to expand its dependents.
A method of graphene ink deposition, said method comprising: providing a graphene ink composition comprising graphene, a nitrocellulose and an ink solvent; depositing said graphene ink composition on a substrate; and annealing said deposited graphene ink composition, said graphene ink annealation product comprising graphene and amorphous carbon. Original
The method of claim 1 wherein said ink solvent comprises a component selected from C₂-C₈ alkyl esters, alkylene glycols, alkylene glycol ethers, alkylene glycol acetates, ketones and combinations thereof. Original
The method of claim 1 wherein said deposition is selected from inkjet printing, spray coating and blade coating. Original
The method of claim 1 wherein said deposition is on a flexible polymeric substrate. Original
The method of claim 1 wherein said deposited graphene ink composition is photonically annealed. Original
The method of claim 1 wherein provision of said ink composition comprises: exfoliating a graphene source material with a medium comprising an organic solvent at least partially miscible with water and a nitrocellulose dispersing agent at least partially soluble in said organic solvent; contacting at least a portion of said exfoliated graphene medium with an aqueous medium to concentrate exfoliated graphene in a solid composition comprising graphene and a said nitrocellulose; isolating said solid composition from said media; and contacting said graphene composition with an ink solvent. Original
A method of using nitrocellulose to modulate properties of a graphene ink printed on a substrate, said method comprising: providing a graphene ink composition comprising graphene, a nitrocellulose and an ink solvent; printing said graphene ink composition on a substrate; and annealing said printed graphene ink composition to decompose said nitrocellulose, thereby providing amorphous carbon and modulating at least one of physical, mechanical and conductive properties of said graphene ink print. Original
The method of claim 12 wherein said amorphous carbon modulates coupling of graphene flakes. Original
The method of claim 12 wherein said amorphous carbon modulates adhesion of said graphene ink print to said substrate. Original
The method of claim 12 wherein said graphene ink composition is printed on a flexible polymeric substrate. Original
The method of claim 12 wherein said ink solvent comprises a component selected from C₂-C₈ alkyl esters, alkylene glycols, alkylene glycol ethers, alkylene glycol acetates, ketones and combinations thereof. Original
The method of claim 12 wherein said graphene ink composition is annealed at about 200 0 to about 350 °C. Original
The method of claim 12 wherein said deposited graphene ink composition is photonically annealed. Original
A graphene ink composition comprising graphene, a nitrocellulose and an ink solvent, wherein said graphene ink composition is annealed to provide a graphene ink composition comprising graphene and amorphous carbon. Currently amended
The composition of claim 25 wherein said ink solvent comprises a component selected from C₂-C₈ alkyl esters, alkylene glycols, alkylene glycol ethers, alkylene glycol acetates, ketones and combinations thereof. Original
The composition of claim 25 comprising a graphene concentration of about 1 mg/ml-about 80 mg/ml. Original
The composition of claim 25 comprising a nitrocellulose concentration of about 5 mg/ml-about 15 mg/ml. Original
A composite comprising a graphene ink composition of claim 25 coupled to a flexible polymeric substrate. Original
. Canceled
The composite of claim [[31]] 29 wherein said graphene ink composition is photonically annealed. Currently amended
The composite of claim 32, wherein said composite is of a microsupercapacitor, and said graphene ink composition provides interdigitated graphene electrodes on said substrate. Original
A graphene ink composition comprising graphene, a nitrocellulose and an ink solvent, said nitrocellulose capable of exothermic decomposition, gaseous evolution upon said decomposition and providing said graphene ink composition a porous microstructure upon said gaseous evolution. Previously presented
The composition of claim 34 wherein said ink solvent comprises a component selected from C₂-C₈ alkyl esters, alkylene glycols, alkylene glycol ethers, alkylene glycol acetates, ketones and combinations thereof. Previously presented
The composition of claim 34 comprising a graphene concentration of about 1 mg/ml-about 80 mg/ml. Previously presented
The composition of claim 34 comprising a nitrocellulose concentration of about 5 mg/ml-about 15 mg/ml. Previously presented
A composite comprising a graphene ink composition of claim 34 coupled to a flexible polymeric substrate. Previously presented
Layer stacks claimed or described, ordered top of device to substrate.
microsupercapacitor
Materials described outside the worked examples.
graphene
nitrocellulose
Additional fabrication and treatment steps described in the patent.
Measurements and analyses referenced in the patent, with their drawing references.
Figures 2A-D. (A) UV-Vis absorbance spectra of exfoliated graphene/nitrocellulose dispersions corresponding to different shear mixing times. (B) Graphene yield as a function of shear mixing time, showing preparation of high concentration dispersions. (C,D) Number-weighted and volume-weighted …
Performance values and ranges asserted in the specification or claims.
| Property | Value | Material |
|---|---|---|
Graphene Concentration Range | 1–80 mg/ml | graphene |
Nitrocellulose Concentration Range | 5–15 mg/ml |
Related documents with shared materials, methods, properties, or citations.
Patent
Atlas literature
Patent
US 10,280,317Patent drawings and their descriptions. Click a drawing to enlarge it.
Figures 2A-D. (A) UV-Vis absorbance spectra of exfoliated graphene/nitrocellulose dispersions corresponding to different shear mixing times. (B) Graphene yield as a function of shear mixing time, showing preparation of high concentration dispersions. (C,D) Number-weighted and volume-weighted …
Figure 3. Height profile of an inkjet printed drop (from
Figure 2C).
Figures 4A-D. I nkjet printing of graphene/nitrocellulose. (A) Images of drop formation during jetting. (B,C) Optical microscopy images of an inkjet-printed drop and large-area drop array, respectively; inset of (C) shows a height profile of a single drop. (D) Optical microscopy image of printed …
Figure 5. Sheet resistance map for spray-coated graphene films, showing large-area uniformity.
Figures 6A-F. Characterization of graphene/nitrocellulose thin films. (A) TGA curve for graphene/nitrocellulose powder. (B) Representative Raman spectra as-cast and following annealing. (C) X PS spectra of graphene/nitrocellulose films as-cast and following annealing. (D) X PS spectra for the C i s …
Figures 7A-B. TGA results for (A) pure nitrocellulose (B) graphene/NC composite, upon heating in air with a 5 ° C/min temperature ramp.
Figures 8A-E. Functional properties of graphene/nitrocellulose thin films. (A) Conductivity of graphene films for different annealing temperatures. (B) Normalized resistance of graphene lines over 2,000 bending cycles to a radius of curvature of 1.3 mm (tensile strain of 5.1 %). (C) Optical results of …
Figure 9. Schematic description of the Scotch TM tap e test.
Figures 10 A-B. Sonication test for graphene/ethyl cellulose and graphene/nitrocellulose films on glass. (A) Plot of the percent film remaining as a function of sonication time. (B) Series of images of graphene films following different durations in the ultrasonic bath.
Figure 11. Thickness of graphene/nitrocellulose films following annealing at different conditions.
Figures 12A-B. Bending test setup (A) and operating principle (B).
Figures 13A-C. Process overview and proof of concept. (A) Chemical structure of nitrocellulose (left) and graphene (right). (B) Differential scanning calorimetry of graphene/nitrocellulose showing the large exothermic reaction of nitrocellulose at ~2 00 0 C. (C) Schematic illustration of photonic …
Figure 14. Differential scanning calorimetry of graphene/EC showing endothermic decomposition for EC. The measurement is taken under nitrogen to more closely mimic rapid photonic annealing.
Figures 15A-D. Microstructural characterization of graphene films. (A,B) Cross sectional SEM images of graphene/EC films before and after exposure to pulsed light annealing, respectively, showing minimal change in microstructure and thus ineffective annealing. (C,D) Corresponding images for …
Figures 16A-C. Chemical characterization of photonically annealed graphene/nitrocellulose films. (A) FT I R spectra for graphene/nitrocellulose films following different photonic annealing conditions. (B) Evolution of the FTIR peak intensity with photonic pulse energy, showing a sharp threshold. (C) …
Figures 17A-C. Chemical characterization of graphene/NC as a function of annealing conditions. (A) XPS C l s spectra for graphene/NC films following different post- treatment conditions. (B) Representative Raman spectra for different photonic annealing conditions. (C) I D/I G rati o follo wing …
Figures 18A-C. Electrical characterization of photonically annealed graphene/nitrocellulose films. (A) Sheet resistance as a function of photonic annealing pulse energy. (B) Normalized sheet resistance relative to thermal annealing for graphene/nitrocellulose films on various substrates. (C) Sheet …
Figure 19. Sheet resistance of photonic annealed samples relative to a thermally annealed reference for graphene/NC and graphene/EC. Graphene/NC shows an abrupt threshold for nitrocellulose decomposition and a minimum resistance on par with thermal annealing.
Figures 20A-D. Printed and photonically annealed graphene/nitrocellulose microsupercapacitors. (A) Digital image of the extrusion printing head during device fabrication, with an inset image of the printed interdigitated electrodes. (B) Optical profilometry data showing the height map of the device …
Figures 21A-D. Characterization of graphene MSCs. (A) Thickness and (B) capacitance of printed graphene/NC MSCs as a function of printed layer number, showing a consistent linear increase in both values. (C) Capacitance for graphene/EC MSCs with different thicknesses, showing relatively constant …
Claims define the patent's legal scope. Independent claims stand alone; dependent claims (nested) narrow them. Click a claim to expand its dependents.
A method of graphene ink deposition, said method comprising: providing a graphene ink composition comprising graphene, a nitrocellulose and an ink solvent; depositing said graphene ink composition on a substrate; and annealing said deposited graphene ink composition, said graphene ink annealation product comprising graphene and amorphous carbon. Original
The method of claim 1 wherein said ink solvent comprises a component selected from C₂-C₈ alkyl esters, alkylene glycols, alkylene glycol ethers, alkylene glycol acetates, ketones and combinations thereof. Original
The method of claim 1 wherein said deposition is selected from inkjet printing, spray coating and blade coating. Original
The method of claim 1 wherein said deposition is on a flexible polymeric substrate. Original
The method of claim 1 wherein said deposited graphene ink composition is photonically annealed. Original
The method of claim 1 wherein provision of said ink composition comprises: exfoliating a graphene source material with a medium comprising an organic solvent at least partially miscible with water and a nitrocellulose dispersing agent at least partially soluble in said organic solvent; contacting at least a portion of said exfoliated graphene medium with an aqueous medium to concentrate exfoliated graphene in a solid composition comprising graphene and a said nitrocellulose; isolating said solid composition from said media; and contacting said graphene composition with an ink solvent. Original
A method of using nitrocellulose to modulate properties of a graphene ink printed on a substrate, said method comprising: providing a graphene ink composition comprising graphene, a nitrocellulose and an ink solvent; printing said graphene ink composition on a substrate; and annealing said printed graphene ink composition to decompose said nitrocellulose, thereby providing amorphous carbon and modulating at least one of physical, mechanical and conductive properties of said graphene ink print. Original
The method of claim 12 wherein said amorphous carbon modulates coupling of graphene flakes. Original
The method of claim 12 wherein said amorphous carbon modulates adhesion of said graphene ink print to said substrate. Original
The method of claim 12 wherein said graphene ink composition is printed on a flexible polymeric substrate. Original
The method of claim 12 wherein said ink solvent comprises a component selected from C₂-C₈ alkyl esters, alkylene glycols, alkylene glycol ethers, alkylene glycol acetates, ketones and combinations thereof. Original
The method of claim 12 wherein said graphene ink composition is annealed at about 200 0 to about 350 °C. Original
The method of claim 12 wherein said deposited graphene ink composition is photonically annealed. Original
A graphene ink composition comprising graphene, a nitrocellulose and an ink solvent, wherein said graphene ink composition is annealed to provide a graphene ink composition comprising graphene and amorphous carbon. Currently amended
The composition of claim 25 wherein said ink solvent comprises a component selected from C₂-C₈ alkyl esters, alkylene glycols, alkylene glycol ethers, alkylene glycol acetates, ketones and combinations thereof. Original
The composition of claim 25 comprising a graphene concentration of about 1 mg/ml-about 80 mg/ml. Original
The composition of claim 25 comprising a nitrocellulose concentration of about 5 mg/ml-about 15 mg/ml. Original
A composite comprising a graphene ink composition of claim 25 coupled to a flexible polymeric substrate. Original
. Canceled
The composite of claim [[31]] 29 wherein said graphene ink composition is photonically annealed. Currently amended
The composite of claim 32, wherein said composite is of a microsupercapacitor, and said graphene ink composition provides interdigitated graphene electrodes on said substrate. Original
A graphene ink composition comprising graphene, a nitrocellulose and an ink solvent, said nitrocellulose capable of exothermic decomposition, gaseous evolution upon said decomposition and providing said graphene ink composition a porous microstructure upon said gaseous evolution. Previously presented
The composition of claim 34 wherein said ink solvent comprises a component selected from C₂-C₈ alkyl esters, alkylene glycols, alkylene glycol ethers, alkylene glycol acetates, ketones and combinations thereof. Previously presented
The composition of claim 34 comprising a graphene concentration of about 1 mg/ml-about 80 mg/ml. Previously presented
The composition of claim 34 comprising a nitrocellulose concentration of about 5 mg/ml-about 15 mg/ml. Previously presented
A composite comprising a graphene ink composition of claim 34 coupled to a flexible polymeric substrate. Previously presented
Layer stacks claimed or described, ordered top of device to substrate.
microsupercapacitor
Materials described outside the worked examples.
graphene
nitrocellulose
Additional fabrication and treatment steps described in the patent.
Measurements and analyses referenced in the patent, with their drawing references.
Figures 2A-D. (A) UV-Vis absorbance spectra of exfoliated graphene/nitrocellulose dispersions corresponding to different shear mixing times. (B) Graphene yield as a function of shear mixing time, showing preparation of high concentration dispersions. (C,D) Number-weighted and volume-weighted …
Performance values and ranges asserted in the specification or claims.
| Property | Value | Material |
|---|---|---|
Graphene Concentration Range | 1–80 mg/ml | graphene |
Nitrocellulose Concentration Range | 5–15 mg/ml |
Related documents with shared materials, methods, properties, or citations.
Patent
Atlas literature
Patent
US 10,280,317Patent drawings and their descriptions. Click a drawing to enlarge it.
Figures 2A-D. (A) UV-Vis absorbance spectra of exfoliated graphene/nitrocellulose dispersions corresponding to different shear mixing times. (B) Graphene yield as a function of shear mixing time, showing preparation of high concentration dispersions. (C,D) Number-weighted and volume-weighted …
Figure 3. Height profile of an inkjet printed drop (from
Figure 2C).
Figures 4A-D. I nkjet printing of graphene/nitrocellulose. (A) Images of drop formation during jetting. (B,C) Optical microscopy images of an inkjet-printed drop and large-area drop array, respectively; inset of (C) shows a height profile of a single drop. (D) Optical microscopy image of printed …
Figure 5. Sheet resistance map for spray-coated graphene films, showing large-area uniformity.
Figures 6A-F. Characterization of graphene/nitrocellulose thin films. (A) TGA curve for graphene/nitrocellulose powder. (B) Representative Raman spectra as-cast and following annealing. (C) X PS spectra of graphene/nitrocellulose films as-cast and following annealing. (D) X PS spectra for the C i s …
Figures 7A-B. TGA results for (A) pure nitrocellulose (B) graphene/NC composite, upon heating in air with a 5 ° C/min temperature ramp.
Figures 8A-E. Functional properties of graphene/nitrocellulose thin films. (A) Conductivity of graphene films for different annealing temperatures. (B) Normalized resistance of graphene lines over 2,000 bending cycles to a radius of curvature of 1.3 mm (tensile strain of 5.1 %). (C) Optical results of …
Figure 9. Schematic description of the Scotch TM tap e test.
Figures 10 A-B. Sonication test for graphene/ethyl cellulose and graphene/nitrocellulose films on glass. (A) Plot of the percent film remaining as a function of sonication time. (B) Series of images of graphene films following different durations in the ultrasonic bath.
Figure 11. Thickness of graphene/nitrocellulose films following annealing at different conditions.
Figures 12A-B. Bending test setup (A) and operating principle (B).
Figures 13A-C. Process overview and proof of concept. (A) Chemical structure of nitrocellulose (left) and graphene (right). (B) Differential scanning calorimetry of graphene/nitrocellulose showing the large exothermic reaction of nitrocellulose at ~2 00 0 C. (C) Schematic illustration of photonic …
Figure 14. Differential scanning calorimetry of graphene/EC showing endothermic decomposition for EC. The measurement is taken under nitrogen to more closely mimic rapid photonic annealing.
Figures 15A-D. Microstructural characterization of graphene films. (A,B) Cross sectional SEM images of graphene/EC films before and after exposure to pulsed light annealing, respectively, showing minimal change in microstructure and thus ineffective annealing. (C,D) Corresponding images for …
Figures 16A-C. Chemical characterization of photonically annealed graphene/nitrocellulose films. (A) FT I R spectra for graphene/nitrocellulose films following different photonic annealing conditions. (B) Evolution of the FTIR peak intensity with photonic pulse energy, showing a sharp threshold. (C) …
Figures 17A-C. Chemical characterization of graphene/NC as a function of annealing conditions. (A) XPS C l s spectra for graphene/NC films following different post- treatment conditions. (B) Representative Raman spectra for different photonic annealing conditions. (C) I D/I G rati o follo wing …
Figures 18A-C. Electrical characterization of photonically annealed graphene/nitrocellulose films. (A) Sheet resistance as a function of photonic annealing pulse energy. (B) Normalized sheet resistance relative to thermal annealing for graphene/nitrocellulose films on various substrates. (C) Sheet …
Figure 19. Sheet resistance of photonic annealed samples relative to a thermally annealed reference for graphene/NC and graphene/EC. Graphene/NC shows an abrupt threshold for nitrocellulose decomposition and a minimum resistance on par with thermal annealing.
Figures 20A-D. Printed and photonically annealed graphene/nitrocellulose microsupercapacitors. (A) Digital image of the extrusion printing head during device fabrication, with an inset image of the printed interdigitated electrodes. (B) Optical profilometry data showing the height map of the device …
Figures 21A-D. Characterization of graphene MSCs. (A) Thickness and (B) capacitance of printed graphene/NC MSCs as a function of printed layer number, showing a consistent linear increase in both values. (C) Capacitance for graphene/EC MSCs with different thicknesses, showing relatively constant …
Claims define the patent's legal scope. Independent claims stand alone; dependent claims (nested) narrow them. Click a claim to expand its dependents.
A method of graphene ink deposition, said method comprising: providing a graphene ink composition comprising graphene, a nitrocellulose and an ink solvent; depositing said graphene ink composition on a substrate; and annealing said deposited graphene ink composition, said graphene ink annealation product comprising graphene and amorphous carbon. Original
The method of claim 1 wherein said ink solvent comprises a component selected from C₂-C₈ alkyl esters, alkylene glycols, alkylene glycol ethers, alkylene glycol acetates, ketones and combinations thereof. Original
The method of claim 1 wherein said deposition is selected from inkjet printing, spray coating and blade coating. Original
The method of claim 1 wherein said deposition is on a flexible polymeric substrate. Original
The method of claim 1 wherein said deposited graphene ink composition is photonically annealed. Original
The method of claim 1 wherein provision of said ink composition comprises: exfoliating a graphene source material with a medium comprising an organic solvent at least partially miscible with water and a nitrocellulose dispersing agent at least partially soluble in said organic solvent; contacting at least a portion of said exfoliated graphene medium with an aqueous medium to concentrate exfoliated graphene in a solid composition comprising graphene and a said nitrocellulose; isolating said solid composition from said media; and contacting said graphene composition with an ink solvent. Original
A method of using nitrocellulose to modulate properties of a graphene ink printed on a substrate, said method comprising: providing a graphene ink composition comprising graphene, a nitrocellulose and an ink solvent; printing said graphene ink composition on a substrate; and annealing said printed graphene ink composition to decompose said nitrocellulose, thereby providing amorphous carbon and modulating at least one of physical, mechanical and conductive properties of said graphene ink print. Original
The method of claim 12 wherein said amorphous carbon modulates coupling of graphene flakes. Original
The method of claim 12 wherein said amorphous carbon modulates adhesion of said graphene ink print to said substrate. Original
The method of claim 12 wherein said graphene ink composition is printed on a flexible polymeric substrate. Original
The method of claim 12 wherein said ink solvent comprises a component selected from C₂-C₈ alkyl esters, alkylene glycols, alkylene glycol ethers, alkylene glycol acetates, ketones and combinations thereof. Original
The method of claim 12 wherein said graphene ink composition is annealed at about 200 0 to about 350 °C. Original
The method of claim 12 wherein said deposited graphene ink composition is photonically annealed. Original
A graphene ink composition comprising graphene, a nitrocellulose and an ink solvent, wherein said graphene ink composition is annealed to provide a graphene ink composition comprising graphene and amorphous carbon. Currently amended
The composition of claim 25 wherein said ink solvent comprises a component selected from C₂-C₈ alkyl esters, alkylene glycols, alkylene glycol ethers, alkylene glycol acetates, ketones and combinations thereof. Original
The composition of claim 25 comprising a graphene concentration of about 1 mg/ml-about 80 mg/ml. Original
The composition of claim 25 comprising a nitrocellulose concentration of about 5 mg/ml-about 15 mg/ml. Original
A composite comprising a graphene ink composition of claim 25 coupled to a flexible polymeric substrate. Original
. Canceled
The composite of claim [[31]] 29 wherein said graphene ink composition is photonically annealed. Currently amended
The composite of claim 32, wherein said composite is of a microsupercapacitor, and said graphene ink composition provides interdigitated graphene electrodes on said substrate. Original
A graphene ink composition comprising graphene, a nitrocellulose and an ink solvent, said nitrocellulose capable of exothermic decomposition, gaseous evolution upon said decomposition and providing said graphene ink composition a porous microstructure upon said gaseous evolution. Previously presented
The composition of claim 34 wherein said ink solvent comprises a component selected from C₂-C₈ alkyl esters, alkylene glycols, alkylene glycol ethers, alkylene glycol acetates, ketones and combinations thereof. Previously presented
The composition of claim 34 comprising a graphene concentration of about 1 mg/ml-about 80 mg/ml. Previously presented
The composition of claim 34 comprising a nitrocellulose concentration of about 5 mg/ml-about 15 mg/ml. Previously presented
A composite comprising a graphene ink composition of claim 34 coupled to a flexible polymeric substrate. Previously presented
Layer stacks claimed or described, ordered top of device to substrate.
microsupercapacitor
Materials described outside the worked examples.
graphene
nitrocellulose
Additional fabrication and treatment steps described in the patent.
Measurements and analyses referenced in the patent, with their drawing references.
Figures 2A-D. (A) UV-Vis absorbance spectra of exfoliated graphene/nitrocellulose dispersions corresponding to different shear mixing times. (B) Graphene yield as a function of shear mixing time, showing preparation of high concentration dispersions. (C,D) Number-weighted and volume-weighted …
Performance values and ranges asserted in the specification or claims.
| Property | Value | Material |
|---|---|---|
Graphene Concentration Range | 1–80 mg/ml | graphene |
Nitrocellulose Concentration Range | 5–15 mg/ml |
Related documents with shared materials, methods, properties, or citations.
Patent
Atlas literature
Patent
US 10,280,317Patent drawings and their descriptions. Click a drawing to enlarge it.
Figures 2A-D. (A) UV-Vis absorbance spectra of exfoliated graphene/nitrocellulose dispersions corresponding to different shear mixing times. (B) Graphene yield as a function of shear mixing time, showing preparation of high concentration dispersions. (C,D) Number-weighted and volume-weighted …
Figure 3. Height profile of an inkjet printed drop (from
Figure 2C).
Figures 4A-D. I nkjet printing of graphene/nitrocellulose. (A) Images of drop formation during jetting. (B,C) Optical microscopy images of an inkjet-printed drop and large-area drop array, respectively; inset of (C) shows a height profile of a single drop. (D) Optical microscopy image of printed …
Figure 5. Sheet resistance map for spray-coated graphene films, showing large-area uniformity.
Figures 6A-F. Characterization of graphene/nitrocellulose thin films. (A) TGA curve for graphene/nitrocellulose powder. (B) Representative Raman spectra as-cast and following annealing. (C) X PS spectra of graphene/nitrocellulose films as-cast and following annealing. (D) X PS spectra for the C i s …
Figures 7A-B. TGA results for (A) pure nitrocellulose (B) graphene/NC composite, upon heating in air with a 5 ° C/min temperature ramp.
Figures 8A-E. Functional properties of graphene/nitrocellulose thin films. (A) Conductivity of graphene films for different annealing temperatures. (B) Normalized resistance of graphene lines over 2,000 bending cycles to a radius of curvature of 1.3 mm (tensile strain of 5.1 %). (C) Optical results of …
Figure 9. Schematic description of the Scotch TM tap e test.
Figures 10 A-B. Sonication test for graphene/ethyl cellulose and graphene/nitrocellulose films on glass. (A) Plot of the percent film remaining as a function of sonication time. (B) Series of images of graphene films following different durations in the ultrasonic bath.
Figure 11. Thickness of graphene/nitrocellulose films following annealing at different conditions.
Figures 12A-B. Bending test setup (A) and operating principle (B).
Figures 13A-C. Process overview and proof of concept. (A) Chemical structure of nitrocellulose (left) and graphene (right). (B) Differential scanning calorimetry of graphene/nitrocellulose showing the large exothermic reaction of nitrocellulose at ~2 00 0 C. (C) Schematic illustration of photonic …
Figure 14. Differential scanning calorimetry of graphene/EC showing endothermic decomposition for EC. The measurement is taken under nitrogen to more closely mimic rapid photonic annealing.
Figures 15A-D. Microstructural characterization of graphene films. (A,B) Cross sectional SEM images of graphene/EC films before and after exposure to pulsed light annealing, respectively, showing minimal change in microstructure and thus ineffective annealing. (C,D) Corresponding images for …
Figures 16A-C. Chemical characterization of photonically annealed graphene/nitrocellulose films. (A) FT I R spectra for graphene/nitrocellulose films following different photonic annealing conditions. (B) Evolution of the FTIR peak intensity with photonic pulse energy, showing a sharp threshold. (C) …
Figures 17A-C. Chemical characterization of graphene/NC as a function of annealing conditions. (A) XPS C l s spectra for graphene/NC films following different post- treatment conditions. (B) Representative Raman spectra for different photonic annealing conditions. (C) I D/I G rati o follo wing …
Figures 18A-C. Electrical characterization of photonically annealed graphene/nitrocellulose films. (A) Sheet resistance as a function of photonic annealing pulse energy. (B) Normalized sheet resistance relative to thermal annealing for graphene/nitrocellulose films on various substrates. (C) Sheet …
Figure 19. Sheet resistance of photonic annealed samples relative to a thermally annealed reference for graphene/NC and graphene/EC. Graphene/NC shows an abrupt threshold for nitrocellulose decomposition and a minimum resistance on par with thermal annealing.
Figures 20A-D. Printed and photonically annealed graphene/nitrocellulose microsupercapacitors. (A) Digital image of the extrusion printing head during device fabrication, with an inset image of the printed interdigitated electrodes. (B) Optical profilometry data showing the height map of the device …
Figures 21A-D. Characterization of graphene MSCs. (A) Thickness and (B) capacitance of printed graphene/NC MSCs as a function of printed layer number, showing a consistent linear increase in both values. (C) Capacitance for graphene/EC MSCs with different thicknesses, showing relatively constant …
Claims define the patent's legal scope. Independent claims stand alone; dependent claims (nested) narrow them. Click a claim to expand its dependents.
A method of graphene ink deposition, said method comprising: providing a graphene ink composition comprising graphene, a nitrocellulose and an ink solvent; depositing said graphene ink composition on a substrate; and annealing said deposited graphene ink composition, said graphene ink annealation product comprising graphene and amorphous carbon. Original
The method of claim 1 wherein said ink solvent comprises a component selected from C₂-C₈ alkyl esters, alkylene glycols, alkylene glycol ethers, alkylene glycol acetates, ketones and combinations thereof. Original
The method of claim 1 wherein said deposition is selected from inkjet printing, spray coating and blade coating. Original
The method of claim 1 wherein said deposition is on a flexible polymeric substrate. Original
The method of claim 1 wherein said deposited graphene ink composition is photonically annealed. Original
The method of claim 1 wherein provision of said ink composition comprises: exfoliating a graphene source material with a medium comprising an organic solvent at least partially miscible with water and a nitrocellulose dispersing agent at least partially soluble in said organic solvent; contacting at least a portion of said exfoliated graphene medium with an aqueous medium to concentrate exfoliated graphene in a solid composition comprising graphene and a said nitrocellulose; isolating said solid composition from said media; and contacting said graphene composition with an ink solvent. Original
A method of using nitrocellulose to modulate properties of a graphene ink printed on a substrate, said method comprising: providing a graphene ink composition comprising graphene, a nitrocellulose and an ink solvent; printing said graphene ink composition on a substrate; and annealing said printed graphene ink composition to decompose said nitrocellulose, thereby providing amorphous carbon and modulating at least one of physical, mechanical and conductive properties of said graphene ink print. Original
The method of claim 12 wherein said amorphous carbon modulates coupling of graphene flakes. Original
The method of claim 12 wherein said amorphous carbon modulates adhesion of said graphene ink print to said substrate. Original
The method of claim 12 wherein said graphene ink composition is printed on a flexible polymeric substrate. Original
The method of claim 12 wherein said ink solvent comprises a component selected from C₂-C₈ alkyl esters, alkylene glycols, alkylene glycol ethers, alkylene glycol acetates, ketones and combinations thereof. Original
The method of claim 12 wherein said graphene ink composition is annealed at about 200 0 to about 350 °C. Original
The method of claim 12 wherein said deposited graphene ink composition is photonically annealed. Original
A graphene ink composition comprising graphene, a nitrocellulose and an ink solvent, wherein said graphene ink composition is annealed to provide a graphene ink composition comprising graphene and amorphous carbon. Currently amended
The composition of claim 25 wherein said ink solvent comprises a component selected from C₂-C₈ alkyl esters, alkylene glycols, alkylene glycol ethers, alkylene glycol acetates, ketones and combinations thereof. Original
The composition of claim 25 comprising a graphene concentration of about 1 mg/ml-about 80 mg/ml. Original
The composition of claim 25 comprising a nitrocellulose concentration of about 5 mg/ml-about 15 mg/ml. Original
A composite comprising a graphene ink composition of claim 25 coupled to a flexible polymeric substrate. Original
. Canceled
The composite of claim [[31]] 29 wherein said graphene ink composition is photonically annealed. Currently amended
The composite of claim 32, wherein said composite is of a microsupercapacitor, and said graphene ink composition provides interdigitated graphene electrodes on said substrate. Original
A graphene ink composition comprising graphene, a nitrocellulose and an ink solvent, said nitrocellulose capable of exothermic decomposition, gaseous evolution upon said decomposition and providing said graphene ink composition a porous microstructure upon said gaseous evolution. Previously presented
The composition of claim 34 wherein said ink solvent comprises a component selected from C₂-C₈ alkyl esters, alkylene glycols, alkylene glycol ethers, alkylene glycol acetates, ketones and combinations thereof. Previously presented
The composition of claim 34 comprising a graphene concentration of about 1 mg/ml-about 80 mg/ml. Previously presented
The composition of claim 34 comprising a nitrocellulose concentration of about 5 mg/ml-about 15 mg/ml. Previously presented
A composite comprising a graphene ink composition of claim 34 coupled to a flexible polymeric substrate. Previously presented
Layer stacks claimed or described, ordered top of device to substrate.
microsupercapacitor
Materials described outside the worked examples.
graphene
nitrocellulose
Additional fabrication and treatment steps described in the patent.
Measurements and analyses referenced in the patent, with their drawing references.
Figures 2A-D. (A) UV-Vis absorbance spectra of exfoliated graphene/nitrocellulose dispersions corresponding to different shear mixing times. (B) Graphene yield as a function of shear mixing time, showing preparation of high concentration dispersions. (C,D) Number-weighted and volume-weighted …
Performance values and ranges asserted in the specification or claims.
| Property | Value | Material |
|---|---|---|
Graphene Concentration Range | 1–80 mg/ml | graphene |
Nitrocellulose Concentration Range | 5–15 mg/ml |
Related documents with shared materials, methods, properties, or citations.
amorphous carbon
ink solvent (C₂-C₈ alkyl esters, alkylene glycols, alkylene glycol ethers, alkylene glycol acetates, ketones)
ethyl lactate
octyl lactate
ethylene glycol diacetate
acetone
polyimide film
Figure 5. Sheet resistance map for spray-coated graphene films, showing large-area uniformity.
Figures 6A-F. Characterization of graphene/nitrocellulose thin films. (A) TGA curve for graphene/nitrocellulose powder. (B) Representative Raman spectra as-cast and following annealing. (C) X PS spectra of graphene/nitrocellulose films as-cast and following annealing. (D) X PS spectra for the C i s …
Figure 11. Thickness of graphene/nitrocellulose films following annealing at different conditions.
Figures 15A-D. Microstructural characterization of graphene films. (A,B) Cross sectional SEM images of graphene/EC films before and after exposure to pulsed light annealing, respectively, showing minimal change in microstructure and thus ineffective annealing. (C,D) Corresponding images for …
Figures 16A-C. Chemical characterization of photonically annealed graphene/nitrocellulose films. (A) FT I R spectra for graphene/nitrocellulose films following different photonic annealing conditions. (B) Evolution of the FTIR peak intensity with photonic pulse energy, showing a sharp threshold. (C) …
Figures 17A-C. Chemical characterization of graphene/NC as a function of annealing conditions. (A) XPS C l s spectra for graphene/NC films following different post- treatment conditions. (B) Representative Raman spectra for different photonic annealing conditions. (C) I D/I G rati o follo wing …
Figures 17A-C. Chemical characterization of graphene/NC as a function of annealing conditions. (A) XPS C l s spectra for graphene/NC films following different post- treatment conditions. (B) Representative Raman spectra for different photonic annealing conditions. (C) I D/I G rati o follo wing …
Figures 18A-C. Electrical characterization of photonically annealed graphene/nitrocellulose films. (A) Sheet resistance as a function of photonic annealing pulse energy. (B) Normalized sheet resistance relative to thermal annealing for graphene/nitrocellulose films on various substrates. (C) Sheet …
Figure 19. Sheet resistance of photonic annealed samples relative to a thermally annealed reference for graphene/NC and graphene/EC. Graphene/NC shows an abrupt threshold for nitrocellulose decomposition and a minimum resistance on par with thermal annealing.
Figures 21A-D. Characterization of graphene MSCs. (A) Thickness and (B) capacitance of printed graphene/NC MSCs as a function of printed layer number, showing a consistent linear increase in both values. (C) Capacitance for graphene/EC MSCs with different thicknesses, showing relatively constant …
durability to withstand the rigors of flexible, portable consumer electronics. To test the mechanical flexibility of graphene processed with nitrocellulose, patterns were fabricated on polyimide films. The electrical resistance of the resulting graphene lines was
Temperature | 200–350 °C | — |
Temperature | 0–350 °C | — |
amorphous carbon
ink solvent (C₂-C₈ alkyl esters, alkylene glycols, alkylene glycol ethers, alkylene glycol acetates, ketones)
ethyl lactate
octyl lactate
ethylene glycol diacetate
acetone
polyimide film
Figure 5. Sheet resistance map for spray-coated graphene films, showing large-area uniformity.
Figures 6A-F. Characterization of graphene/nitrocellulose thin films. (A) TGA curve for graphene/nitrocellulose powder. (B) Representative Raman spectra as-cast and following annealing. (C) X PS spectra of graphene/nitrocellulose films as-cast and following annealing. (D) X PS spectra for the C i s …
Figure 11. Thickness of graphene/nitrocellulose films following annealing at different conditions.
Figures 15A-D. Microstructural characterization of graphene films. (A,B) Cross sectional SEM images of graphene/EC films before and after exposure to pulsed light annealing, respectively, showing minimal change in microstructure and thus ineffective annealing. (C,D) Corresponding images for …
Figures 16A-C. Chemical characterization of photonically annealed graphene/nitrocellulose films. (A) FT I R spectra for graphene/nitrocellulose films following different photonic annealing conditions. (B) Evolution of the FTIR peak intensity with photonic pulse energy, showing a sharp threshold. (C) …
Figures 17A-C. Chemical characterization of graphene/NC as a function of annealing conditions. (A) XPS C l s spectra for graphene/NC films following different post- treatment conditions. (B) Representative Raman spectra for different photonic annealing conditions. (C) I D/I G rati o follo wing …
Figures 17A-C. Chemical characterization of graphene/NC as a function of annealing conditions. (A) XPS C l s spectra for graphene/NC films following different post- treatment conditions. (B) Representative Raman spectra for different photonic annealing conditions. (C) I D/I G rati o follo wing …
Figures 18A-C. Electrical characterization of photonically annealed graphene/nitrocellulose films. (A) Sheet resistance as a function of photonic annealing pulse energy. (B) Normalized sheet resistance relative to thermal annealing for graphene/nitrocellulose films on various substrates. (C) Sheet …
Figure 19. Sheet resistance of photonic annealed samples relative to a thermally annealed reference for graphene/NC and graphene/EC. Graphene/NC shows an abrupt threshold for nitrocellulose decomposition and a minimum resistance on par with thermal annealing.
Figures 21A-D. Characterization of graphene MSCs. (A) Thickness and (B) capacitance of printed graphene/NC MSCs as a function of printed layer number, showing a consistent linear increase in both values. (C) Capacitance for graphene/EC MSCs with different thicknesses, showing relatively constant …
durability to withstand the rigors of flexible, portable consumer electronics. To test the mechanical flexibility of graphene processed with nitrocellulose, patterns were fabricated on polyimide films. The electrical resistance of the resulting graphene lines was
Temperature | 200–350 °C | — |
Temperature | 0–350 °C | — |
amorphous carbon
ink solvent (C₂-C₈ alkyl esters, alkylene glycols, alkylene glycol ethers, alkylene glycol acetates, ketones)
ethyl lactate
octyl lactate
ethylene glycol diacetate
acetone
polyimide film
Figure 5. Sheet resistance map for spray-coated graphene films, showing large-area uniformity.
Figures 6A-F. Characterization of graphene/nitrocellulose thin films. (A) TGA curve for graphene/nitrocellulose powder. (B) Representative Raman spectra as-cast and following annealing. (C) X PS spectra of graphene/nitrocellulose films as-cast and following annealing. (D) X PS spectra for the C i s …
Figure 11. Thickness of graphene/nitrocellulose films following annealing at different conditions.
Figures 15A-D. Microstructural characterization of graphene films. (A,B) Cross sectional SEM images of graphene/EC films before and after exposure to pulsed light annealing, respectively, showing minimal change in microstructure and thus ineffective annealing. (C,D) Corresponding images for …
Figures 16A-C. Chemical characterization of photonically annealed graphene/nitrocellulose films. (A) FT I R spectra for graphene/nitrocellulose films following different photonic annealing conditions. (B) Evolution of the FTIR peak intensity with photonic pulse energy, showing a sharp threshold. (C) …
Figures 17A-C. Chemical characterization of graphene/NC as a function of annealing conditions. (A) XPS C l s spectra for graphene/NC films following different post- treatment conditions. (B) Representative Raman spectra for different photonic annealing conditions. (C) I D/I G rati o follo wing …
Figures 17A-C. Chemical characterization of graphene/NC as a function of annealing conditions. (A) XPS C l s spectra for graphene/NC films following different post- treatment conditions. (B) Representative Raman spectra for different photonic annealing conditions. (C) I D/I G rati o follo wing …
Figures 18A-C. Electrical characterization of photonically annealed graphene/nitrocellulose films. (A) Sheet resistance as a function of photonic annealing pulse energy. (B) Normalized sheet resistance relative to thermal annealing for graphene/nitrocellulose films on various substrates. (C) Sheet …
Figure 19. Sheet resistance of photonic annealed samples relative to a thermally annealed reference for graphene/NC and graphene/EC. Graphene/NC shows an abrupt threshold for nitrocellulose decomposition and a minimum resistance on par with thermal annealing.
Figures 21A-D. Characterization of graphene MSCs. (A) Thickness and (B) capacitance of printed graphene/NC MSCs as a function of printed layer number, showing a consistent linear increase in both values. (C) Capacitance for graphene/EC MSCs with different thicknesses, showing relatively constant …
durability to withstand the rigors of flexible, portable consumer electronics. To test the mechanical flexibility of graphene processed with nitrocellulose, patterns were fabricated on polyimide films. The electrical resistance of the resulting graphene lines was
Temperature | 200–350 °C | — |
Temperature | 0–350 °C | — |
amorphous carbon
ink solvent (C₂-C₈ alkyl esters, alkylene glycols, alkylene glycol ethers, alkylene glycol acetates, ketones)
ethyl lactate
octyl lactate
ethylene glycol diacetate
acetone
polyimide film
Figure 5. Sheet resistance map for spray-coated graphene films, showing large-area uniformity.
Figures 6A-F. Characterization of graphene/nitrocellulose thin films. (A) TGA curve for graphene/nitrocellulose powder. (B) Representative Raman spectra as-cast and following annealing. (C) X PS spectra of graphene/nitrocellulose films as-cast and following annealing. (D) X PS spectra for the C i s …
Figure 11. Thickness of graphene/nitrocellulose films following annealing at different conditions.
Figures 15A-D. Microstructural characterization of graphene films. (A,B) Cross sectional SEM images of graphene/EC films before and after exposure to pulsed light annealing, respectively, showing minimal change in microstructure and thus ineffective annealing. (C,D) Corresponding images for …
Figures 16A-C. Chemical characterization of photonically annealed graphene/nitrocellulose films. (A) FT I R spectra for graphene/nitrocellulose films following different photonic annealing conditions. (B) Evolution of the FTIR peak intensity with photonic pulse energy, showing a sharp threshold. (C) …
Figures 17A-C. Chemical characterization of graphene/NC as a function of annealing conditions. (A) XPS C l s spectra for graphene/NC films following different post- treatment conditions. (B) Representative Raman spectra for different photonic annealing conditions. (C) I D/I G rati o follo wing …
Figures 17A-C. Chemical characterization of graphene/NC as a function of annealing conditions. (A) XPS C l s spectra for graphene/NC films following different post- treatment conditions. (B) Representative Raman spectra for different photonic annealing conditions. (C) I D/I G rati o follo wing …
Figures 18A-C. Electrical characterization of photonically annealed graphene/nitrocellulose films. (A) Sheet resistance as a function of photonic annealing pulse energy. (B) Normalized sheet resistance relative to thermal annealing for graphene/nitrocellulose films on various substrates. (C) Sheet …
Figure 19. Sheet resistance of photonic annealed samples relative to a thermally annealed reference for graphene/NC and graphene/EC. Graphene/NC shows an abrupt threshold for nitrocellulose decomposition and a minimum resistance on par with thermal annealing.
Figures 21A-D. Characterization of graphene MSCs. (A) Thickness and (B) capacitance of printed graphene/NC MSCs as a function of printed layer number, showing a consistent linear increase in both values. (C) Capacitance for graphene/EC MSCs with different thicknesses, showing relatively constant …
durability to withstand the rigors of flexible, portable consumer electronics. To test the mechanical flexibility of graphene processed with nitrocellulose, patterns were fabricated on polyimide films. The electrical resistance of the resulting graphene lines was
Temperature | 200–350 °C | — |
Temperature | 0–350 °C | — |