Patent
US 10,665,866METHOD OF FABRICATING GRAPHENE-BASED/ALGAL BIOFILM ELECTRODE FOR APPLICATION IN A BIOPHOTOVOLTAIC DEVICE
Periasamy Vengadesh
US
Copyright © 2026 Matter42. All rights reserved.
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Atlas literature
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US 10,665,866Patent drawings and their descriptions. Click a drawing to enlarge it.
FIG. 1. Claims What is claimed is: 1.-13. Canceled 13. Canceled 14. (Cu rr ently Amended): A method of preparing an electrode for use in a biophotovoltaic …
Claims define the patent's legal scope. Independent claims stand alone; dependent claims (nested) narrow them. Click a claim to expand its dependents.
- 13. Canceled
: The method according to claim 1 4, wherein the incubating step is conducted under 12 hours of light irradiation followed by 12 hours in darkness. Previously presented
Canceled
(Cu rr ently Amended): A method of preparing an electrode for use in a biophotovoltaic device, comprising the steps of: coating a self-assembled film on a substrate using a Langmuir-Blodgett technique: wherein the step of coating the substrate is repetitivel y conducted so as to form a plurality of la y ers of the self-assembled film; wherein the self-assembled film include a plurality of pores fo rm ed therein; immersing the coated substrate into a microalgae culture; wherein the microal gae culture is disposed within the pores and adheres to the substrate; and incubating the immersed and coated substrate to grow microalgae thereon so as to produce a biof ilm; wherein the self-assembled film is derived from graphene; wherein the graphene is reduced graphene oxide. Currently amended
: The method according to claim 14, further comprising the step of drying the self-assembled film. Previously presented
: The method according to claim 14, further comprising the step of compressing the self-assembled film to a surface pressure in a range of 5 to 25 nM/m. Previously presented
: The method according to claim 14, further comprising the step of dripping the reduced graphene oxide on a su r face of deionized water at a rate of 50 to 150 L/minute to form a layer. Previously presented
: The method according to claim 14, wherein the step of coating is conducted by vertically dipping or drawing the substrate through a water surface at a speed in a range of 5 to 25 mm/minute. Previously presented
: The method according to claim 14, wherein the substrate is selected from the group consisting of glass, paper, carbon paper, metal, alloy, ceramic, polymers and combinations thereof. Previously presented
: The method according to claim 14, wherein the microalgae is selected from the group consisting of Chlorella sp., Spirulina sp., Synechococcus sp., Coscinodiscus sp., Scenedesmus sp., O ocyslis sp., Chlowcoccum sp. and combinations thereof. Previously presented
(Cu rr ently Amended): A biophotovoltaic device, comprising: a transparent chamber; an anode electrode; and a cathode electrode; wherein the cathode electrode includes at least one surface and [[an]] a cathode electrical contact terminal; wherein the anode electrode includes at least one surface and an anode electrical contact terminal; wherein the anode electrode is prepared by a method according to claim 14 so as to generate a biofilm adjacent to at least one surface of the anode electrode and being in electrical communication therewith; wherein the chamber is configured to contain a microalgae-culture. Currently amended
Canceled
Canceled
(Canceled) Canceled
Canceled
Embodiments described in the patent, grouped by the materials and process steps they use.
2 materials1 process step
Reduced graphene oxide film was coated on a glass substrate (3.5 cm x 3.5 cm) using a round-type NIMA LB trough (model 2220). The trough was cleaned with chloroform and methanol in a clean room (ISO class 6). Barriers compressed the spread monolayer at 15 cm2/minute to achieve a surface pressure of 10 mN/m. The substrate was dipped vertically at 20 mm/minute through the rGO monolayer. The coated substrate was dried at 60°C for 12 hours. The coating and drying steps were repeated 6 times to obtain 6 layers of rGO film. The resulting film had a thickness of approximately 809 nm, resistance of 4.5×10⁵ Ω/sq, and conductivity of 2.74 S/m. Pore sizes of the rGO film ranged from 1 to 4 μm.
Layer stacks claimed or described, ordered top of device to substrate.
biophotovoltaic electrode
biophotovoltaic device
Materials described outside the worked examples.
graphene-derived self-assembled film
substrate
microalgae
Performance values and ranges asserted in the specification or claims.
| Property | Value | Material |
|---|---|---|
Fet Sheet Resistance | 450000 Ω/sq | reduced graphene oxide |
Electrical Conductivity | 2.74 S/m |
Related documents with shared materials, methods, properties, or citations.
Patent
Atlas literature
Patent
US 10,665,866Patent drawings and their descriptions. Click a drawing to enlarge it.
FIG. 1. Claims What is claimed is: 1.-13. Canceled 13. Canceled 14. (Cu rr ently Amended): A method of preparing an electrode for use in a biophotovoltaic …
Claims define the patent's legal scope. Independent claims stand alone; dependent claims (nested) narrow them. Click a claim to expand its dependents.
- 13. Canceled
: The method according to claim 1 4, wherein the incubating step is conducted under 12 hours of light irradiation followed by 12 hours in darkness. Previously presented
Canceled
(Cu rr ently Amended): A method of preparing an electrode for use in a biophotovoltaic device, comprising the steps of: coating a self-assembled film on a substrate using a Langmuir-Blodgett technique: wherein the step of coating the substrate is repetitivel y conducted so as to form a plurality of la y ers of the self-assembled film; wherein the self-assembled film include a plurality of pores fo rm ed therein; immersing the coated substrate into a microalgae culture; wherein the microal gae culture is disposed within the pores and adheres to the substrate; and incubating the immersed and coated substrate to grow microalgae thereon so as to produce a biof ilm; wherein the self-assembled film is derived from graphene; wherein the graphene is reduced graphene oxide. Currently amended
: The method according to claim 14, further comprising the step of drying the self-assembled film. Previously presented
: The method according to claim 14, further comprising the step of compressing the self-assembled film to a surface pressure in a range of 5 to 25 nM/m. Previously presented
: The method according to claim 14, further comprising the step of dripping the reduced graphene oxide on a su r face of deionized water at a rate of 50 to 150 L/minute to form a layer. Previously presented
: The method according to claim 14, wherein the step of coating is conducted by vertically dipping or drawing the substrate through a water surface at a speed in a range of 5 to 25 mm/minute. Previously presented
: The method according to claim 14, wherein the substrate is selected from the group consisting of glass, paper, carbon paper, metal, alloy, ceramic, polymers and combinations thereof. Previously presented
: The method according to claim 14, wherein the microalgae is selected from the group consisting of Chlorella sp., Spirulina sp., Synechococcus sp., Coscinodiscus sp., Scenedesmus sp., O ocyslis sp., Chlowcoccum sp. and combinations thereof. Previously presented
(Cu rr ently Amended): A biophotovoltaic device, comprising: a transparent chamber; an anode electrode; and a cathode electrode; wherein the cathode electrode includes at least one surface and [[an]] a cathode electrical contact terminal; wherein the anode electrode includes at least one surface and an anode electrical contact terminal; wherein the anode electrode is prepared by a method according to claim 14 so as to generate a biofilm adjacent to at least one surface of the anode electrode and being in electrical communication therewith; wherein the chamber is configured to contain a microalgae-culture. Currently amended
Canceled
Canceled
(Canceled) Canceled
Canceled
Embodiments described in the patent, grouped by the materials and process steps they use.
2 materials1 process step
Reduced graphene oxide film was coated on a glass substrate (3.5 cm x 3.5 cm) using a round-type NIMA LB trough (model 2220). The trough was cleaned with chloroform and methanol in a clean room (ISO class 6). Barriers compressed the spread monolayer at 15 cm2/minute to achieve a surface pressure of 10 mN/m. The substrate was dipped vertically at 20 mm/minute through the rGO monolayer. The coated substrate was dried at 60°C for 12 hours. The coating and drying steps were repeated 6 times to obtain 6 layers of rGO film. The resulting film had a thickness of approximately 809 nm, resistance of 4.5×10⁵ Ω/sq, and conductivity of 2.74 S/m. Pore sizes of the rGO film ranged from 1 to 4 μm.
Layer stacks claimed or described, ordered top of device to substrate.
biophotovoltaic electrode
biophotovoltaic device
Materials described outside the worked examples.
graphene-derived self-assembled film
substrate
microalgae
Performance values and ranges asserted in the specification or claims.
| Property | Value | Material |
|---|---|---|
Fet Sheet Resistance | 450000 Ω/sq | reduced graphene oxide |
Electrical Conductivity | 2.74 S/m |
Related documents with shared materials, methods, properties, or citations.
Patent
Atlas literature
Patent
US 10,665,866Patent drawings and their descriptions. Click a drawing to enlarge it.
FIG. 1. Claims What is claimed is: 1.-13. Canceled 13. Canceled 14. (Cu rr ently Amended): A method of preparing an electrode for use in a biophotovoltaic …
Claims define the patent's legal scope. Independent claims stand alone; dependent claims (nested) narrow them. Click a claim to expand its dependents.
- 13. Canceled
: The method according to claim 1 4, wherein the incubating step is conducted under 12 hours of light irradiation followed by 12 hours in darkness. Previously presented
Canceled
(Cu rr ently Amended): A method of preparing an electrode for use in a biophotovoltaic device, comprising the steps of: coating a self-assembled film on a substrate using a Langmuir-Blodgett technique: wherein the step of coating the substrate is repetitivel y conducted so as to form a plurality of la y ers of the self-assembled film; wherein the self-assembled film include a plurality of pores fo rm ed therein; immersing the coated substrate into a microalgae culture; wherein the microal gae culture is disposed within the pores and adheres to the substrate; and incubating the immersed and coated substrate to grow microalgae thereon so as to produce a biof ilm; wherein the self-assembled film is derived from graphene; wherein the graphene is reduced graphene oxide. Currently amended
: The method according to claim 14, further comprising the step of drying the self-assembled film. Previously presented
: The method according to claim 14, further comprising the step of compressing the self-assembled film to a surface pressure in a range of 5 to 25 nM/m. Previously presented
: The method according to claim 14, further comprising the step of dripping the reduced graphene oxide on a su r face of deionized water at a rate of 50 to 150 L/minute to form a layer. Previously presented
: The method according to claim 14, wherein the step of coating is conducted by vertically dipping or drawing the substrate through a water surface at a speed in a range of 5 to 25 mm/minute. Previously presented
: The method according to claim 14, wherein the substrate is selected from the group consisting of glass, paper, carbon paper, metal, alloy, ceramic, polymers and combinations thereof. Previously presented
: The method according to claim 14, wherein the microalgae is selected from the group consisting of Chlorella sp., Spirulina sp., Synechococcus sp., Coscinodiscus sp., Scenedesmus sp., O ocyslis sp., Chlowcoccum sp. and combinations thereof. Previously presented
(Cu rr ently Amended): A biophotovoltaic device, comprising: a transparent chamber; an anode electrode; and a cathode electrode; wherein the cathode electrode includes at least one surface and [[an]] a cathode electrical contact terminal; wherein the anode electrode includes at least one surface and an anode electrical contact terminal; wherein the anode electrode is prepared by a method according to claim 14 so as to generate a biofilm adjacent to at least one surface of the anode electrode and being in electrical communication therewith; wherein the chamber is configured to contain a microalgae-culture. Currently amended
Canceled
Canceled
(Canceled) Canceled
Canceled
Embodiments described in the patent, grouped by the materials and process steps they use.
2 materials1 process step
Reduced graphene oxide film was coated on a glass substrate (3.5 cm x 3.5 cm) using a round-type NIMA LB trough (model 2220). The trough was cleaned with chloroform and methanol in a clean room (ISO class 6). Barriers compressed the spread monolayer at 15 cm2/minute to achieve a surface pressure of 10 mN/m. The substrate was dipped vertically at 20 mm/minute through the rGO monolayer. The coated substrate was dried at 60°C for 12 hours. The coating and drying steps were repeated 6 times to obtain 6 layers of rGO film. The resulting film had a thickness of approximately 809 nm, resistance of 4.5×10⁵ Ω/sq, and conductivity of 2.74 S/m. Pore sizes of the rGO film ranged from 1 to 4 μm.
Layer stacks claimed or described, ordered top of device to substrate.
biophotovoltaic electrode
biophotovoltaic device
Materials described outside the worked examples.
graphene-derived self-assembled film
substrate
microalgae
Performance values and ranges asserted in the specification or claims.
| Property | Value | Material |
|---|---|---|
Fet Sheet Resistance | 450000 Ω/sq | reduced graphene oxide |
Electrical Conductivity | 2.74 S/m |
Related documents with shared materials, methods, properties, or citations.
Patent
Atlas literature
Patent
US 10,665,866Patent drawings and their descriptions. Click a drawing to enlarge it.
FIG. 1. Claims What is claimed is: 1.-13. Canceled 13. Canceled 14. (Cu rr ently Amended): A method of preparing an electrode for use in a biophotovoltaic …
Claims define the patent's legal scope. Independent claims stand alone; dependent claims (nested) narrow them. Click a claim to expand its dependents.
- 13. Canceled
: The method according to claim 1 4, wherein the incubating step is conducted under 12 hours of light irradiation followed by 12 hours in darkness. Previously presented
Canceled
(Cu rr ently Amended): A method of preparing an electrode for use in a biophotovoltaic device, comprising the steps of: coating a self-assembled film on a substrate using a Langmuir-Blodgett technique: wherein the step of coating the substrate is repetitivel y conducted so as to form a plurality of la y ers of the self-assembled film; wherein the self-assembled film include a plurality of pores fo rm ed therein; immersing the coated substrate into a microalgae culture; wherein the microal gae culture is disposed within the pores and adheres to the substrate; and incubating the immersed and coated substrate to grow microalgae thereon so as to produce a biof ilm; wherein the self-assembled film is derived from graphene; wherein the graphene is reduced graphene oxide. Currently amended
: The method according to claim 14, further comprising the step of drying the self-assembled film. Previously presented
: The method according to claim 14, further comprising the step of compressing the self-assembled film to a surface pressure in a range of 5 to 25 nM/m. Previously presented
: The method according to claim 14, further comprising the step of dripping the reduced graphene oxide on a su r face of deionized water at a rate of 50 to 150 L/minute to form a layer. Previously presented
: The method according to claim 14, wherein the step of coating is conducted by vertically dipping or drawing the substrate through a water surface at a speed in a range of 5 to 25 mm/minute. Previously presented
: The method according to claim 14, wherein the substrate is selected from the group consisting of glass, paper, carbon paper, metal, alloy, ceramic, polymers and combinations thereof. Previously presented
: The method according to claim 14, wherein the microalgae is selected from the group consisting of Chlorella sp., Spirulina sp., Synechococcus sp., Coscinodiscus sp., Scenedesmus sp., O ocyslis sp., Chlowcoccum sp. and combinations thereof. Previously presented
(Cu rr ently Amended): A biophotovoltaic device, comprising: a transparent chamber; an anode electrode; and a cathode electrode; wherein the cathode electrode includes at least one surface and [[an]] a cathode electrical contact terminal; wherein the anode electrode includes at least one surface and an anode electrical contact terminal; wherein the anode electrode is prepared by a method according to claim 14 so as to generate a biofilm adjacent to at least one surface of the anode electrode and being in electrical communication therewith; wherein the chamber is configured to contain a microalgae-culture. Currently amended
Canceled
Canceled
(Canceled) Canceled
Canceled
Embodiments described in the patent, grouped by the materials and process steps they use.
2 materials1 process step
Reduced graphene oxide film was coated on a glass substrate (3.5 cm x 3.5 cm) using a round-type NIMA LB trough (model 2220). The trough was cleaned with chloroform and methanol in a clean room (ISO class 6). Barriers compressed the spread monolayer at 15 cm2/minute to achieve a surface pressure of 10 mN/m. The substrate was dipped vertically at 20 mm/minute through the rGO monolayer. The coated substrate was dried at 60°C for 12 hours. The coating and drying steps were repeated 6 times to obtain 6 layers of rGO film. The resulting film had a thickness of approximately 809 nm, resistance of 4.5×10⁵ Ω/sq, and conductivity of 2.74 S/m. Pore sizes of the rGO film ranged from 1 to 4 μm.
Layer stacks claimed or described, ordered top of device to substrate.
biophotovoltaic electrode
biophotovoltaic device
Materials described outside the worked examples.
graphene-derived self-assembled film
substrate
microalgae
Performance values and ranges asserted in the specification or claims.
| Property | Value | Material |
|---|---|---|
Fet Sheet Resistance | 450000 Ω/sq | reduced graphene oxide |
Electrical Conductivity | 2.74 S/m |
Related documents with shared materials, methods, properties, or citations.
reduced graphene oxide |
Film Thickness | 809 mm | reduced graphene oxide |
Pore Size Range | — | reduced graphene oxide |
Thickness | 5–25 nM | — |
Thickness | 5–25 mm | — |
Duration | ≤ 12 hours | — |
GRAPHENE DISPLAY DEVICES AND THE DISPLAY DRIVING METHODS THEREOF
reduced graphene oxide |
Film Thickness | 809 mm | reduced graphene oxide |
Pore Size Range | — | reduced graphene oxide |
Thickness | 5–25 nM | — |
Thickness | 5–25 mm | — |
Duration | ≤ 12 hours | — |
GRAPHENE DISPLAY DEVICES AND THE DISPLAY DRIVING METHODS THEREOF
reduced graphene oxide |
Film Thickness | 809 mm | reduced graphene oxide |
Pore Size Range | — | reduced graphene oxide |
Thickness | 5–25 nM | — |
Thickness | 5–25 mm | — |
Duration | ≤ 12 hours | — |
GRAPHENE DISPLAY DEVICES AND THE DISPLAY DRIVING METHODS THEREOF
reduced graphene oxide |
Film Thickness | 809 mm | reduced graphene oxide |
Pore Size Range | — | reduced graphene oxide |
Thickness | 5–25 nM | — |
Thickness | 5–25 mm | — |
Duration | ≤ 12 hours | — |