METHOD FOR REMOVING SULFUR COMPOUNDS FROM FUEL USING AN

Mazen Mohammad KHALED

Patent

Atlas literature

Patent

US 10,131,852

METHOD FOR REMOVING SULFUR COMPOUNDS FROM FUEL USING AN

Mazen Mohammad KHALED

Drawings

Patent drawings and their descriptions. Click a drawing to enlarge it.

FIG. 1

FIG. 1 1 is a scanning electron microscope (SEM) image of the A 1 2 O 3 impregnated CNTs according to Example 2.

FIG. 2

FIG. 2 is a graphical presentation of the thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA) performed with the raw CNTs, the CNT-A (NO 3) 3. 9H 2 0 mixture without being ca l …

FIG. 3

FIG. 3 is a graphical presentation of the thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA) performed with the raw GO, the GO-A l (NO 3) 3. 9H 2 O mixture without being …

FIG. 4

FIG. 4 is a graphical presentation of the thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA) performed with the raw AC, the AC-A l (NO 3) 3. 9H 2 O mixture without being …

FIG. 5

FIG. 6

FIG. 6 a graphical presentation of the thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA) performed with the raw GO, the GO-Al(N O 3) 3-9H 2 0 mixture without being …

FIG. 7

FIG. 7 is a scanning electron microscope (SEM) image of the raw AC according to

FIG. 8

FIG. 8 is a scanning electron microscope (SEM) image of the raw CNTs according to Example 2. F I G. 9 is a scanning electron microscope (SEM) image of the raw …

FIG. 9

FIG. 10

FIG. 10 is a scanning electron microscope (SEM) image of the A₁ 2 O 3 impregnated AC according to Example 2

FIG. 11

FIG. 12

FIG. 12 is a scanning electron microscope (SEM) image of the A 1 2 O 3 impregnated GO according to Example 2.

FIG. 13

FIG. 13. The raw GO had a higher oxygen content by total weight than the raw AC and CNT due to the oxygenated functional groups on the raw GO surface. After …

FIG. 14

FIG. 14 is a ﬁeld emission transmittance electron microscope (EF-TEM) image of the raw CNTs according to Example 2. FI G. 15 is a ﬁeld e m ission transmittance …

FIG. 15

FIG. 15 shows the FE-TEM image of CNTs coated with A 1 2 O 3 nanopartic l es. The A 1 2 O 3 nanoparticles had a diameter of 30-80 n m with spherical shapes and …

FIG. 16

FIG. 16. A qualitative analysis using an X-ray photoelectron spectrometer (XPS) (Thermo scientiﬁc ESCALAB 250Xi) further conﬁrmed the presence of A 1 2 O 3 on …

FIG. 17

FIG. 17 is a ﬁeld emission transmittance electron microscope (EF-TEM) image of the A₁ 2 O 3 impregnated GO containing 10% of Al by total weight, with the inset …

FIG. 18

FIG. 18 shows the XPS survey spectrum, and F I GS. 1 9 and 20 show the single element scans for O Is and Al 2p, respectively. The peak binding energies …

FIG. 19

FIG. 19 is a graphical presentation of the O I s XPS spectra of the A 1 2 O 3 impregnated CNTs according to Example 2.

FIG. 20

FIG. 20 is a graphical presentation of the A l 2p XPS spectra of the A₁ 2 O 3 impregnated CNTs according to Example 2.

FIG. 21

FIG. 21 is a table showing the surface area, total pore volume and surface pH of AC, CNT and GO at diﬀerent loadings of A 1 2 O 3 according to Example 2. FI G. …

FIG. 22

FIG. 22. The stock solutions for thiophene, DBT, and naphthalene (Naph) were prepared by accurately weighing and dissolving 25 mg of thiophene, 25 mg of DBT, …

FIG. 23

FIG. 23. The linear working range for both thiophene and DBT shown in

FIG. 24

FIG. 24 was from 2.5 to 250 mg/L with the coeﬃcients of determination (R 2) of 0.9997, 0.9998, and 0.9996 for thiophene, DBT, and Naph, respectively. The …

FIG. 25

FIGS. 25-32 show the adsorption isotherms of DBT and thiophene with ACAL 5, ACAL 10, CNTAL5, CNTAL 10, GOAL S, and GOAL 1 0 ﬁtted by the Langmuir and …

FIG. 26

FIG. 26 is a graphical presentation of the adsorption isotherms ﬁtted by the Langmuir model of CNT, CNTAL₅ and CNTAL I₀ for DBT adsorption. The adsorption …

FIG. 27

FIG. 27 is a graphical presentation of the adsorption isotherms ﬁtted by the Langmuir model of GO, GOAL S and GOAL 10 for DBT adsorption. The adsorption …

FIG. 28

FIG. 28 is a graphical presentation of the adsorption isotherms ﬁtted by the Langmuir model of ACAL5, ACAL 10, CNTAL5, CNTAL 10, GOAL S, and GOAL 10 for …

FIG. 29

FIG. 29 is a graphical presentation of the adsorption isotherms ﬁtted by the Freundlich model of AC, ACAL₅ and ACAL 10 for DBT adsorption. The adsorption …

FIG. 30

FIG. 30 is a graphical presentation of the adsorption isotherms ﬁtted by the Freundlich model of CNT, CNTAL₅ and CNTAL IO for DBT adsorption. The adsorption …

FIG. 31

FIG. 31 is a graphical presentation of the adsorption isotherms ﬁtted by the Freundlich model of GO, GOAL S and GOAL 10 for DBT adsorption. The adsorption tem …

FIG. 32

FIG. 32 is a graphical presentation of the adsorption isotherms ﬁtted by the Freundlich model of ACAL S, ACAL 10, CNTAL 5, CNTAL 10, GOALS, and GOAL 10 for …

FIG. 33

FIG. 33, the n and K F values of the A 12O 3 impregnated adsorbents for thiophene adsorption were larger than those of their raw counterparts, indicating that …

FIG. 34

FIG. 34 is a graphical presentation of the adsorption capacity q t for thiophene with time using the A 1 2 O 3 impregnated carbonaceous materials as adsorbents …

FIG. 35

FIG. 35 is a graphical presentation of the adsorption capacity q t for DBT with time using the A 1 2 O 3 impregnated carbonaceous materials as adsorbents as …

FIG. 36

FIG. 36 is a table showing the pseudo-second order kinetic parameters of the A 1 2 O 3 impregnated carbonaceous materials for thiophene and DBT adsorption …

FIG. 37

FIGS. 37-39 show the graphs of qt versus t °' for DBT with ACAL 10, CNTAL 10 and GOAL 10 as the adsorbents. Th ese results suggest that the adsorption …

FIG. 38

FIG. 38 is a graphical presentation of the adsorption capacity q t with the square root of time t o0 ﬁtted by the intra-particle diﬀusion model for DBT …

FIG. 39

FIG. 39 is a graphical presentation of the adsorption capacity q t with the square root of time t 0 5 ﬁtted by the intra-particle diﬀusion model for DBT …

FIG. 40

FIG. 40 is a table showing the parameters and coeﬃcients of determination of the intra-particle diﬀusion model for DBT adsorption using ACAL 10, CNTAL 10, and …

FIG. 41

FIG. 41 is a graphical presentation of the relationship between the dose of the A l 2 O 3 impregnated AC, CNT, or GO and the DBT removal eﬃciency. The DBT …

FIG. 42

FIG. 42 is a graphical presentation of the relationship between the dose of the A 1 2 O 3 impregnated AC, CNT, or GO and the thiophene removal eﬃciency. The …

FIG. 43

FIG. 43 is a table showing the adsorption selectivity of ACAL₅ and CNTAL 5 according to Example 6.

FIG. 44

FIGS. 44 and 4 5, following 5 repeated adsorption-regeneration cycles, the stability of ACAL S and CNTAL 5 remained nearly unchanged, since their adsorption …

FIG. 45

FIG. 45 is a graphical presentation of the adsorption capacity Qo for DBT of the fresh CNTAL₅ and the CNTAL₅ after 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 cycles of …

Claims

Claims define the patent's legal scope. Independent claims stand alone; dependent claims (nested) narrow them. Click a claim to expand its dependents.

6 independent · 3 dependent

1
Independentgraphene oxideAl₂O₃fixed bed adsorbent
A method of reducing thiophene in diesel fuel with a graphene oxide adsorbent, comprising: contacting the diesel fuel with [[an]] a ﬁ xed bed adsorbent, wherein the ﬁ xed bed adsorbent comprises graphene oxide doped with nanoparticles of aluminum oxide, wherein the nanoparticles of aluminum oxide are present as a la v er on the surface of the graphene oxide, wherein the contacting forms a treated diesel fuel having a reduced concentration of the thiophene,, and wherein the ﬁ xed bed adsorbent has a weight ratio of C to Al in the range from 3:1 to 30:1, and a weight ratio of C to O in the range from [[1]] 3:1 to [[10]] 9:1. Currently amended
1. 7
  Dependent← claim 1graphene oxideAl₂O₃fixed bed adsorbent
  The method of claim 1, further comprising regenerating the adsorption ability of the ﬁ xed bed adsorbent. Currently amended
2. 14
  Dependent← claim 1Al₂O₃
  The method of claim 1. wherein the nanoparticles of aluminum oxide have a diameter ranging from about 30 nm to 80 nm. Original
2
Independent
Claims 2-6. Canceled
6
Independent
Canceled
9
Independent
Claims 9-13. Canceled
13
Independent
Canceled
19
Independent
Canceled

Device structures

Layer stacks claimed or described, ordered top of device to substrate.

fixed bed adsorbent

Al₂O₃adsorbent dopant layer

graphene oxideadsorbent support

Materials

Materials described outside the worked examples.

graphene oxide

Adsorbent Support

aluminum oxide nanoparticles

Al₂O₃

Adsorbent Dopant

activated carbon

Characterization

Measurements and analyses referenced in the patent, with their drawing references.

sem

SEM

FIG. 1 1 is a scanning electron microscope (SEM) image of the A 1 2 O 3 impregnated CNTs according to Example 2.

Figure references

FIG. 1

sem

Reported properties

Performance values and ranges asserted in the specification or claims.

Property	Value	Material
BET surface area of activated carbon doped with aluminum oxide nanoparticles, greater than about 790 m2/g	≥ 790 m2/g	activated carbon
Total pore volume of activated carbon doped with aluminum oxide nanoparticles, greater than about 0.39 cm3/g

Why these are connected

Related documents with shared materials, methods, properties, or citations.

METHOD FOR REMOVING SULFUR COMPOUNDS FROM FUEL USING AN | Matter42 Literature