Patent
US 10,566,104METAL NANOWIRE HAVING CORE-SHELL STRUCTURE COATED WITH GRAPHENE, AND MANUFACTURING METHOD THEREFOR
Youn Gu Lee
US
Copyright © 2026 Matter42. All rights reserved.
Patent
Atlas literature
Patent
US 10,566,104Patent drawings and their descriptions. Click a drawing to enlarge it.
FIG. 1 is an enlarged surface image of a copper nanowire-graphene core- shell structure according to Example 1
FIG. 2 is an image of a copper nanowire obtained by fluorescent X-ray 5 spectroscopy.
FIG. 3 is a SEM photograph of copper nanowires of Example 1 and Comparative Example 1
FIG. 4(b) is a graph depicting 10 the light transmi t tances of transparent electrode films of Fabrication Example 1 and Comparative Fabrication Examples 1 and …
FIG. 5 is a graph depicting the sheet resistances of transparent electrode films of Fabrication Example 1 and Comparative Fabrication Example 1
FIG. 6 is a graph depicting the results of stability test of transparent 15 electrode films of Fabrication Example 1 and Comparative Fabrication Example 1
FIG. 7 shows a low -temperature PECVD processing apparatus for synthesis of a copper nanowire (CuNW-G) core-shell nanostructure coated with graphene according …
FIG. 8 shows XRD spectra of a copper nanowire (CuNW) transparent 20 electrode of Comparative Fabrication Example 1 and a CuNW-G transparent electrode of …
FIG. 9 shows XPS spectra of a CuNW transparent electrode of Comparative Fabrication Example 1 and a CuNW-G transparent electrode of Fabrication Example 1. 25
FIG. 10(a) shows a transmission electron microscope (TEM) image of the CuNW-G core-shell nanostructure of Fabrication Example 1, and
FIG. 11 shows a strength profile from a single pixel line. The measured lattice constant of the graphene shell was 0.246 nm, which means that the graphene 15 …
FIG. 12(b) shows change in high-resolution C i s of X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) of the 10 CuNW-G core-shell nanostructure of Fabrication Example 1 …
FIG. 13 is a graph of current density-voltage of a polymer solar cell (BHJ PSC) using a CuNW transparent electrode of Comparative Fabrication Example 1 and a …
Claims define the patent's legal scope. Independent claims stand alone; dependent claims (nested) narrow them. Click a claim to expand its dependents.
A method of manufacturing a nanowire having a core- shell structure that includes a metal nanowire core and a graphene shell, the method comprising: providing a metal nanowire into a plasma-processing chamber; removing an oxide from a surface of the metal nanowire by flowing H₂ gas in the plasma-processing chamber and generating a plasma using said H₂ gas; removing the H₂ gas from the plasma-processing chamber by flowing Ar gas in the plasma-processing chamber; and coating the metal nanowire with graphene by performing plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition of graphene while flowing a mixed gas of Ar at a rate of 120 s cc m and CH₄ at a rate between 1 and 30 s cc m and using a radio-frequency power from IO W to 100 W in the plasma-processing chamber from which the H₂ gas has been removed, to form said core-shell structure in which the metal nanowire core is surrounded by said graphene shell. Currently amended
(Previously amended) The method according to claim 1, wherein said coating includes coating the metal nanowire with graphene at a temperature of 300 ° C to 800 °C. Currently amended
(Previously amended) The method according to claim 1, wherein providing the metal nanowire includes providing a copper nanowire. Currently amended
The method of claim 1, wherein said coating nanowire that has a uniform diameter of 20 nm to 15324543.10-17-2019.K₂₀AX₃EFLXEAPX0.CLM.1.svg presented the metal nanowire includes forming the coated 150 nm. SVG 0.16 0.74 Black and white Previously
Canceled
(Withdrawn-Previously amended) A nanowire having a core-shell structure, comprising a metal nanowire core and a graphene shell. Currently amended
The nanowire according to claim 7, wherein the graphene shell is formed in a single layer or a plurality of layers. Withdrawn
(Withdrawn-Previously amended) The nanowire according to claim 7, wherein the graphene shell has a thickness of 0.3 nm to 30 nm and is applied onto the nanowire. Currently amended
The nanowire according to claim 7, wherein the metal is copper. Withdrawn
The nanowire according to claim 7, wherein the nanowire has a length of 5 pm to 100 pm. Withdrawn
The nanowire according to claim 7, wherein the nanowire has a diameter of 20 nm to 150 nm. Withdrawn
The nanowire according to claim 7, wherein the nanowire has Page 3 of 8 an aspect ratio of 1000 to 3000. Withdrawn
Canceled
Embodiments described in the patent, grouped by the materials and process steps they use.
3 materials2 process steps
Copper nanowires (CuNW) were coated with graphene by plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD) to form CuNW-G core-shell nanostructures. The process included H₂ plasma treatment to remove surface oxide from the copper nanowires, followed by Ar purge, then PECVD graphene coating with mixed Ar/CH₄ gas at RF power 10–100 W and temperature 300–800 °C. The resulting CuNW-G structures were characterized by Raman spectroscopy, XPS (high-resolution C 1s), and strength profiling. A polymer solar cell (BHJ PSC) using the CuNW-G transparent electrode was also evaluated.
1 material
Copper nanowires (CuNW) without graphene coating were used to form a transparent electrode for comparison with the CuNW-G electrode in polymer solar cell (BHJ PSC) current density-voltage characterization.
Layer stacks claimed or described, ordered top of device to substrate.
core-shell nanowire
transparent electrode
Materials described outside the worked examples.
metal nanowire
H₂ gas
H₂
Measurements and analyses referenced in the patent, with their drawing references.
Raman spectrum change of CuNW-G core-shell nanostructure of Fabrication Example 1 according to change in processing time (FIG. 12a)
Performance values and ranges asserted in the specification or claims.
| Property | Value | Material |
|---|---|---|
graphene shell thickness | 0.3–30 nm | graphene |
Pressure | 10–50 mTorr |
Related documents with shared materials, methods, properties, or citations.
Patent
Atlas literature
Patent
US 10,566,104Patent drawings and their descriptions. Click a drawing to enlarge it.
FIG. 1 is an enlarged surface image of a copper nanowire-graphene core- shell structure according to Example 1
FIG. 2 is an image of a copper nanowire obtained by fluorescent X-ray 5 spectroscopy.
FIG. 3 is a SEM photograph of copper nanowires of Example 1 and Comparative Example 1
FIG. 4(b) is a graph depicting 10 the light transmi t tances of transparent electrode films of Fabrication Example 1 and Comparative Fabrication Examples 1 and …
FIG. 5 is a graph depicting the sheet resistances of transparent electrode films of Fabrication Example 1 and Comparative Fabrication Example 1
FIG. 6 is a graph depicting the results of stability test of transparent 15 electrode films of Fabrication Example 1 and Comparative Fabrication Example 1
FIG. 7 shows a low -temperature PECVD processing apparatus for synthesis of a copper nanowire (CuNW-G) core-shell nanostructure coated with graphene according …
FIG. 8 shows XRD spectra of a copper nanowire (CuNW) transparent 20 electrode of Comparative Fabrication Example 1 and a CuNW-G transparent electrode of …
FIG. 9 shows XPS spectra of a CuNW transparent electrode of Comparative Fabrication Example 1 and a CuNW-G transparent electrode of Fabrication Example 1. 25
FIG. 10(a) shows a transmission electron microscope (TEM) image of the CuNW-G core-shell nanostructure of Fabrication Example 1, and
FIG. 11 shows a strength profile from a single pixel line. The measured lattice constant of the graphene shell was 0.246 nm, which means that the graphene 15 …
FIG. 12(b) shows change in high-resolution C i s of X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) of the 10 CuNW-G core-shell nanostructure of Fabrication Example 1 …
FIG. 13 is a graph of current density-voltage of a polymer solar cell (BHJ PSC) using a CuNW transparent electrode of Comparative Fabrication Example 1 and a …
Claims define the patent's legal scope. Independent claims stand alone; dependent claims (nested) narrow them. Click a claim to expand its dependents.
A method of manufacturing a nanowire having a core- shell structure that includes a metal nanowire core and a graphene shell, the method comprising: providing a metal nanowire into a plasma-processing chamber; removing an oxide from a surface of the metal nanowire by flowing H₂ gas in the plasma-processing chamber and generating a plasma using said H₂ gas; removing the H₂ gas from the plasma-processing chamber by flowing Ar gas in the plasma-processing chamber; and coating the metal nanowire with graphene by performing plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition of graphene while flowing a mixed gas of Ar at a rate of 120 s cc m and CH₄ at a rate between 1 and 30 s cc m and using a radio-frequency power from IO W to 100 W in the plasma-processing chamber from which the H₂ gas has been removed, to form said core-shell structure in which the metal nanowire core is surrounded by said graphene shell. Currently amended
(Previously amended) The method according to claim 1, wherein said coating includes coating the metal nanowire with graphene at a temperature of 300 ° C to 800 °C. Currently amended
(Previously amended) The method according to claim 1, wherein providing the metal nanowire includes providing a copper nanowire. Currently amended
The method of claim 1, wherein said coating nanowire that has a uniform diameter of 20 nm to 15324543.10-17-2019.K₂₀AX₃EFLXEAPX0.CLM.1.svg presented the metal nanowire includes forming the coated 150 nm. SVG 0.16 0.74 Black and white Previously
Canceled
(Withdrawn-Previously amended) A nanowire having a core-shell structure, comprising a metal nanowire core and a graphene shell. Currently amended
The nanowire according to claim 7, wherein the graphene shell is formed in a single layer or a plurality of layers. Withdrawn
(Withdrawn-Previously amended) The nanowire according to claim 7, wherein the graphene shell has a thickness of 0.3 nm to 30 nm and is applied onto the nanowire. Currently amended
The nanowire according to claim 7, wherein the metal is copper. Withdrawn
The nanowire according to claim 7, wherein the nanowire has a length of 5 pm to 100 pm. Withdrawn
The nanowire according to claim 7, wherein the nanowire has a diameter of 20 nm to 150 nm. Withdrawn
The nanowire according to claim 7, wherein the nanowire has Page 3 of 8 an aspect ratio of 1000 to 3000. Withdrawn
Canceled
Embodiments described in the patent, grouped by the materials and process steps they use.
3 materials2 process steps
Copper nanowires (CuNW) were coated with graphene by plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD) to form CuNW-G core-shell nanostructures. The process included H₂ plasma treatment to remove surface oxide from the copper nanowires, followed by Ar purge, then PECVD graphene coating with mixed Ar/CH₄ gas at RF power 10–100 W and temperature 300–800 °C. The resulting CuNW-G structures were characterized by Raman spectroscopy, XPS (high-resolution C 1s), and strength profiling. A polymer solar cell (BHJ PSC) using the CuNW-G transparent electrode was also evaluated.
1 material
Copper nanowires (CuNW) without graphene coating were used to form a transparent electrode for comparison with the CuNW-G electrode in polymer solar cell (BHJ PSC) current density-voltage characterization.
Layer stacks claimed or described, ordered top of device to substrate.
core-shell nanowire
transparent electrode
Materials described outside the worked examples.
metal nanowire
H₂ gas
H₂
Measurements and analyses referenced in the patent, with their drawing references.
Raman spectrum change of CuNW-G core-shell nanostructure of Fabrication Example 1 according to change in processing time (FIG. 12a)
Performance values and ranges asserted in the specification or claims.
| Property | Value | Material |
|---|---|---|
graphene shell thickness | 0.3–30 nm | graphene |
Pressure | 10–50 mTorr |
Related documents with shared materials, methods, properties, or citations.
Patent
Atlas literature
Patent
US 10,566,104Patent drawings and their descriptions. Click a drawing to enlarge it.
FIG. 1 is an enlarged surface image of a copper nanowire-graphene core- shell structure according to Example 1
FIG. 2 is an image of a copper nanowire obtained by fluorescent X-ray 5 spectroscopy.
FIG. 3 is a SEM photograph of copper nanowires of Example 1 and Comparative Example 1
FIG. 4(b) is a graph depicting 10 the light transmi t tances of transparent electrode films of Fabrication Example 1 and Comparative Fabrication Examples 1 and …
FIG. 5 is a graph depicting the sheet resistances of transparent electrode films of Fabrication Example 1 and Comparative Fabrication Example 1
FIG. 6 is a graph depicting the results of stability test of transparent 15 electrode films of Fabrication Example 1 and Comparative Fabrication Example 1
FIG. 7 shows a low -temperature PECVD processing apparatus for synthesis of a copper nanowire (CuNW-G) core-shell nanostructure coated with graphene according …
FIG. 8 shows XRD spectra of a copper nanowire (CuNW) transparent 20 electrode of Comparative Fabrication Example 1 and a CuNW-G transparent electrode of …
FIG. 9 shows XPS spectra of a CuNW transparent electrode of Comparative Fabrication Example 1 and a CuNW-G transparent electrode of Fabrication Example 1. 25
FIG. 10(a) shows a transmission electron microscope (TEM) image of the CuNW-G core-shell nanostructure of Fabrication Example 1, and
FIG. 11 shows a strength profile from a single pixel line. The measured lattice constant of the graphene shell was 0.246 nm, which means that the graphene 15 …
FIG. 12(b) shows change in high-resolution C i s of X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) of the 10 CuNW-G core-shell nanostructure of Fabrication Example 1 …
FIG. 13 is a graph of current density-voltage of a polymer solar cell (BHJ PSC) using a CuNW transparent electrode of Comparative Fabrication Example 1 and a …
Claims define the patent's legal scope. Independent claims stand alone; dependent claims (nested) narrow them. Click a claim to expand its dependents.
A method of manufacturing a nanowire having a core- shell structure that includes a metal nanowire core and a graphene shell, the method comprising: providing a metal nanowire into a plasma-processing chamber; removing an oxide from a surface of the metal nanowire by flowing H₂ gas in the plasma-processing chamber and generating a plasma using said H₂ gas; removing the H₂ gas from the plasma-processing chamber by flowing Ar gas in the plasma-processing chamber; and coating the metal nanowire with graphene by performing plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition of graphene while flowing a mixed gas of Ar at a rate of 120 s cc m and CH₄ at a rate between 1 and 30 s cc m and using a radio-frequency power from IO W to 100 W in the plasma-processing chamber from which the H₂ gas has been removed, to form said core-shell structure in which the metal nanowire core is surrounded by said graphene shell. Currently amended
(Previously amended) The method according to claim 1, wherein said coating includes coating the metal nanowire with graphene at a temperature of 300 ° C to 800 °C. Currently amended
(Previously amended) The method according to claim 1, wherein providing the metal nanowire includes providing a copper nanowire. Currently amended
The method of claim 1, wherein said coating nanowire that has a uniform diameter of 20 nm to 15324543.10-17-2019.K₂₀AX₃EFLXEAPX0.CLM.1.svg presented the metal nanowire includes forming the coated 150 nm. SVG 0.16 0.74 Black and white Previously
Canceled
(Withdrawn-Previously amended) A nanowire having a core-shell structure, comprising a metal nanowire core and a graphene shell. Currently amended
The nanowire according to claim 7, wherein the graphene shell is formed in a single layer or a plurality of layers. Withdrawn
(Withdrawn-Previously amended) The nanowire according to claim 7, wherein the graphene shell has a thickness of 0.3 nm to 30 nm and is applied onto the nanowire. Currently amended
The nanowire according to claim 7, wherein the metal is copper. Withdrawn
The nanowire according to claim 7, wherein the nanowire has a length of 5 pm to 100 pm. Withdrawn
The nanowire according to claim 7, wherein the nanowire has a diameter of 20 nm to 150 nm. Withdrawn
The nanowire according to claim 7, wherein the nanowire has Page 3 of 8 an aspect ratio of 1000 to 3000. Withdrawn
Canceled
Embodiments described in the patent, grouped by the materials and process steps they use.
3 materials2 process steps
Copper nanowires (CuNW) were coated with graphene by plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD) to form CuNW-G core-shell nanostructures. The process included H₂ plasma treatment to remove surface oxide from the copper nanowires, followed by Ar purge, then PECVD graphene coating with mixed Ar/CH₄ gas at RF power 10–100 W and temperature 300–800 °C. The resulting CuNW-G structures were characterized by Raman spectroscopy, XPS (high-resolution C 1s), and strength profiling. A polymer solar cell (BHJ PSC) using the CuNW-G transparent electrode was also evaluated.
1 material
Copper nanowires (CuNW) without graphene coating were used to form a transparent electrode for comparison with the CuNW-G electrode in polymer solar cell (BHJ PSC) current density-voltage characterization.
Layer stacks claimed or described, ordered top of device to substrate.
core-shell nanowire
transparent electrode
Materials described outside the worked examples.
metal nanowire
H₂ gas
H₂
Measurements and analyses referenced in the patent, with their drawing references.
Raman spectrum change of CuNW-G core-shell nanostructure of Fabrication Example 1 according to change in processing time (FIG. 12a)
Performance values and ranges asserted in the specification or claims.
| Property | Value | Material |
|---|---|---|
graphene shell thickness | 0.3–30 nm | graphene |
Pressure | 10–50 mTorr |
Related documents with shared materials, methods, properties, or citations.
Patent
Atlas literature
Patent
US 10,566,104Patent drawings and their descriptions. Click a drawing to enlarge it.
FIG. 1 is an enlarged surface image of a copper nanowire-graphene core- shell structure according to Example 1
FIG. 2 is an image of a copper nanowire obtained by fluorescent X-ray 5 spectroscopy.
FIG. 3 is a SEM photograph of copper nanowires of Example 1 and Comparative Example 1
FIG. 4(b) is a graph depicting 10 the light transmi t tances of transparent electrode films of Fabrication Example 1 and Comparative Fabrication Examples 1 and …
FIG. 5 is a graph depicting the sheet resistances of transparent electrode films of Fabrication Example 1 and Comparative Fabrication Example 1
FIG. 6 is a graph depicting the results of stability test of transparent 15 electrode films of Fabrication Example 1 and Comparative Fabrication Example 1
FIG. 7 shows a low -temperature PECVD processing apparatus for synthesis of a copper nanowire (CuNW-G) core-shell nanostructure coated with graphene according …
FIG. 8 shows XRD spectra of a copper nanowire (CuNW) transparent 20 electrode of Comparative Fabrication Example 1 and a CuNW-G transparent electrode of …
FIG. 9 shows XPS spectra of a CuNW transparent electrode of Comparative Fabrication Example 1 and a CuNW-G transparent electrode of Fabrication Example 1. 25
FIG. 10(a) shows a transmission electron microscope (TEM) image of the CuNW-G core-shell nanostructure of Fabrication Example 1, and
FIG. 11 shows a strength profile from a single pixel line. The measured lattice constant of the graphene shell was 0.246 nm, which means that the graphene 15 …
FIG. 12(b) shows change in high-resolution C i s of X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) of the 10 CuNW-G core-shell nanostructure of Fabrication Example 1 …
FIG. 13 is a graph of current density-voltage of a polymer solar cell (BHJ PSC) using a CuNW transparent electrode of Comparative Fabrication Example 1 and a …
Claims define the patent's legal scope. Independent claims stand alone; dependent claims (nested) narrow them. Click a claim to expand its dependents.
A method of manufacturing a nanowire having a core- shell structure that includes a metal nanowire core and a graphene shell, the method comprising: providing a metal nanowire into a plasma-processing chamber; removing an oxide from a surface of the metal nanowire by flowing H₂ gas in the plasma-processing chamber and generating a plasma using said H₂ gas; removing the H₂ gas from the plasma-processing chamber by flowing Ar gas in the plasma-processing chamber; and coating the metal nanowire with graphene by performing plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition of graphene while flowing a mixed gas of Ar at a rate of 120 s cc m and CH₄ at a rate between 1 and 30 s cc m and using a radio-frequency power from IO W to 100 W in the plasma-processing chamber from which the H₂ gas has been removed, to form said core-shell structure in which the metal nanowire core is surrounded by said graphene shell. Currently amended
(Previously amended) The method according to claim 1, wherein said coating includes coating the metal nanowire with graphene at a temperature of 300 ° C to 800 °C. Currently amended
(Previously amended) The method according to claim 1, wherein providing the metal nanowire includes providing a copper nanowire. Currently amended
The method of claim 1, wherein said coating nanowire that has a uniform diameter of 20 nm to 15324543.10-17-2019.K₂₀AX₃EFLXEAPX0.CLM.1.svg presented the metal nanowire includes forming the coated 150 nm. SVG 0.16 0.74 Black and white Previously
Canceled
(Withdrawn-Previously amended) A nanowire having a core-shell structure, comprising a metal nanowire core and a graphene shell. Currently amended
The nanowire according to claim 7, wherein the graphene shell is formed in a single layer or a plurality of layers. Withdrawn
(Withdrawn-Previously amended) The nanowire according to claim 7, wherein the graphene shell has a thickness of 0.3 nm to 30 nm and is applied onto the nanowire. Currently amended
The nanowire according to claim 7, wherein the metal is copper. Withdrawn
The nanowire according to claim 7, wherein the nanowire has a length of 5 pm to 100 pm. Withdrawn
The nanowire according to claim 7, wherein the nanowire has a diameter of 20 nm to 150 nm. Withdrawn
The nanowire according to claim 7, wherein the nanowire has Page 3 of 8 an aspect ratio of 1000 to 3000. Withdrawn
Canceled
Embodiments described in the patent, grouped by the materials and process steps they use.
3 materials2 process steps
Copper nanowires (CuNW) were coated with graphene by plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD) to form CuNW-G core-shell nanostructures. The process included H₂ plasma treatment to remove surface oxide from the copper nanowires, followed by Ar purge, then PECVD graphene coating with mixed Ar/CH₄ gas at RF power 10–100 W and temperature 300–800 °C. The resulting CuNW-G structures were characterized by Raman spectroscopy, XPS (high-resolution C 1s), and strength profiling. A polymer solar cell (BHJ PSC) using the CuNW-G transparent electrode was also evaluated.
1 material
Copper nanowires (CuNW) without graphene coating were used to form a transparent electrode for comparison with the CuNW-G electrode in polymer solar cell (BHJ PSC) current density-voltage characterization.
Layer stacks claimed or described, ordered top of device to substrate.
core-shell nanowire
transparent electrode
Materials described outside the worked examples.
metal nanowire
H₂ gas
H₂
Measurements and analyses referenced in the patent, with their drawing references.
Raman spectrum change of CuNW-G core-shell nanostructure of Fabrication Example 1 according to change in processing time (FIG. 12a)
Performance values and ranges asserted in the specification or claims.
| Property | Value | Material |
|---|---|---|
graphene shell thickness | 0.3–30 nm | graphene |
Pressure | 10–50 mTorr |
Related documents with shared materials, methods, properties, or citations.
Ar and CH₄ mixed gas
copper chloride compound
ethylenediamine
C₂H₈N₂
sodium hydroxide
NaOH
hydrazine
N₂H₄
polyvinylpyrrolidone
hexadecylamine
glucose
C₆H₁₂O₆
Change in high-resolution C 1s XPS of CuNW-G core-shell nanostructure of Fabrication Example 1 according to change in processing time (FIG. 12b)
Strength profile of CuNW-G core-shell nanostructure of Fabrication Example 1 (FIG. 11)
J-V graph of polymer solar cell (BHJ PSC) using CuNW transparent electrode (Comparative Fabrication Example 1) and CuNW-G transparent electrode (Fabrication Example 1) (FIG. 13)
| — |
Temperature | 300–800 °C | — |
Duration | 5–300 minutes | — |
Temperature | 60–150 °C | — |
— | 10–100 W | — |
Duration | 3–9 minutes | — |
Thickness | 20–150 nm | — |
Duration | 1–8 hours | — |
Duration | 4–8 hours | — |
Temperature | ≤ 800 °C | — |
Ar and CH₄ mixed gas
copper chloride compound
ethylenediamine
C₂H₈N₂
sodium hydroxide
NaOH
hydrazine
N₂H₄
polyvinylpyrrolidone
hexadecylamine
glucose
C₆H₁₂O₆
Change in high-resolution C 1s XPS of CuNW-G core-shell nanostructure of Fabrication Example 1 according to change in processing time (FIG. 12b)
Strength profile of CuNW-G core-shell nanostructure of Fabrication Example 1 (FIG. 11)
J-V graph of polymer solar cell (BHJ PSC) using CuNW transparent electrode (Comparative Fabrication Example 1) and CuNW-G transparent electrode (Fabrication Example 1) (FIG. 13)
| — |
Temperature | 300–800 °C | — |
Duration | 5–300 minutes | — |
Temperature | 60–150 °C | — |
— | 10–100 W | — |
Duration | 3–9 minutes | — |
Thickness | 20–150 nm | — |
Duration | 1–8 hours | — |
Duration | 4–8 hours | — |
Temperature | ≤ 800 °C | — |
Ar and CH₄ mixed gas
copper chloride compound
ethylenediamine
C₂H₈N₂
sodium hydroxide
NaOH
hydrazine
N₂H₄
polyvinylpyrrolidone
hexadecylamine
glucose
C₆H₁₂O₆
Change in high-resolution C 1s XPS of CuNW-G core-shell nanostructure of Fabrication Example 1 according to change in processing time (FIG. 12b)
Strength profile of CuNW-G core-shell nanostructure of Fabrication Example 1 (FIG. 11)
J-V graph of polymer solar cell (BHJ PSC) using CuNW transparent electrode (Comparative Fabrication Example 1) and CuNW-G transparent electrode (Fabrication Example 1) (FIG. 13)
| — |
Temperature | 300–800 °C | — |
Duration | 5–300 minutes | — |
Temperature | 60–150 °C | — |
— | 10–100 W | — |
Duration | 3–9 minutes | — |
Thickness | 20–150 nm | — |
Duration | 1–8 hours | — |
Duration | 4–8 hours | — |
Temperature | ≤ 800 °C | — |
Ar and CH₄ mixed gas
copper chloride compound
ethylenediamine
C₂H₈N₂
sodium hydroxide
NaOH
hydrazine
N₂H₄
polyvinylpyrrolidone
hexadecylamine
glucose
C₆H₁₂O₆
Change in high-resolution C 1s XPS of CuNW-G core-shell nanostructure of Fabrication Example 1 according to change in processing time (FIG. 12b)
Strength profile of CuNW-G core-shell nanostructure of Fabrication Example 1 (FIG. 11)
J-V graph of polymer solar cell (BHJ PSC) using CuNW transparent electrode (Comparative Fabrication Example 1) and CuNW-G transparent electrode (Fabrication Example 1) (FIG. 13)
| — |
Temperature | 300–800 °C | — |
Duration | 5–300 minutes | — |
Temperature | 60–150 °C | — |
— | 10–100 W | — |
Duration | 3–9 minutes | — |
Thickness | 20–150 nm | — |
Duration | 1–8 hours | — |
Duration | 4–8 hours | — |
Temperature | ≤ 800 °C | — |