Patent
US 9,979,052GRAPHENE OXIDE BASED ELECTROCHEMICAL CELL AND BATTERY
Ahmed A. AL-GHAMDI
US
Copyright © 2026 Matter42. All rights reserved.
Patent
Atlas literature
Patent
US 9,979,052Patent drawings and their descriptions. Click a drawing to enlarge it.
FIG. 1 is a schematic representation of the graphene oxide based electrochemical cell.
FIG. 2 is a schematic representation of a battery consisting of a plurality of the graphene oxide based electrochemical cells connected electrically in series …
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram illustrating the 1 5 arc-discharge technique and apparatus used to prepare graphene oxide nanosheets from graphite according to …
FIG. 4 is an X-ray diffraction diagram of graphene oxide synthesized by a modified Hummer's method according to Example 2.
FIG. 5 is an atomic force microscope (AFM) image of the graphene oxide nanosheets synthesized by the modified Hummer's method according to Example 2. 20
FIG. 6 is an X-ray diffraction diagram showing the X-ray spectra of pristine graphite and graphene oxide synthesized by arc-discharge according to Example 2.
FIG. 7 is a field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM) image of graphene oxide nanosheets synthesized by arc-discharge according to Example 2.
FIG. 8 is a transmission electron microscope (TEM) image of graphene oxide 25 nanosheets synthesized by arc-discharge according to Example 2.
FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of the graphene oxide based electrochemical cell fabricated according to Example 3.
FIG. 10 is a graphical presentation of the current-voltage relationship and the power- voltage relationship of the graphene oxide based electrochemical cell …
FIG. 11 is a graphical presentation of the voltage-time relationship of the graphene oxide based electrochemical cell according to Example 3.
Claims define the patent's legal scope. Independent claims stand alone; dependent claims (nested) narrow them. Click a claim to expand its dependents.
A graphene oxide based electroche m ical cell, comprising: an aqueous electrolyte solution, an aluminum anode and a graphene-coated graphite cathode contained in a vessel, wherein the aqueous electrolyte solution comprises water, graphene oxide nanosheets and C uC 2 dissol v ed in the water, wh erein the graphene oxide nanosheets are present in the aqueous electrolyte solution in an amount of from 0.5 mg/ml to 5 mg/ml and the CuC l, is present in the aqueous electrolyte solution in concentration of from 0.5 M to 5M. Currently amended
The graphene oxide based electrochemical cell of claim 1, wherein the distance between the anode and the cathode ran g es from about 1 cm to about 5 cm. Original
The graphene oxide based electroche m ical cell of claim 1, wherein the open circuit voltage of said graphene oxide based electrochemical cell is at least 0.59 V. Original
The graphene oxide based electrochemical cell of claim 1, wherein the short circuit current of said graphene oxide based electrochemical cell is at least 95.10 mA. Original
The graphene oxide based electrochemical cell of claim 1, wherein the maximum power of said graphene oxide based electrochemical cell is at least about 13 mW. Original
The graphene oxide based electrochemical cell of claim 1, further comprising at least one other metal salt selected from the group consisting of silver nitrate and gold chloride. Original
The battery of claim 1 1, w herein the plurality of electroche m ical cells is connected electrically in series and/or in parallel. Original
The graphene oxide based electroche m ical cell of claim 1, wherein the aqueous electrolyte solution consists of water, the graphene oxide nanosheets, the CuC lI and optionally at least one selected from the group consisting of silver nitrate and gold chloride. New
The graphene oxide based electrochemical cell of claim 1, wherein the graphene oxide nanosheets consist of C and O. New
The graphene oxide based electrochemical cell of claim 1, wherein the vessel is glass and the cathode and anode are at opposite sides thereof, and the anode and the cathode are separated by a distance that is less than the lengths of the anode and the cathode. New
The battery of claim 1 1, wherein the vessel is glass and the cathode and anode are at opposite sides thereof, and the anode and the cathode are separated by a distance that is less than the lengths of the anode and the cathode. New
The graphene oxide based electroche m ical cell of claim 1, wherein the graphene oxide nanosheets are present in the aqueous electrolyte solution in an amount of from 0.5 mg/m l to 1 mg/m l and the CuC l 2 is present in the aqueous electrolyte solution in concentration of from 0. 5 M to IM. New
Canceled
Claims 4-6. Canceled
Canceled
1: A battery, comprising: a plurality of electrochemical cells, wherein at least one electrochemical cell comprises an aqueous electrolyte solution, an aluminum anode and a graphene-coated graphite cathode contained in a vessel, wherein the aqueous electrolyte solution comprises water, graphene oxide nanosheets and CuC l 2 dissolved in the w ater, wherein the graphene oxide nanosheets are present in the aqueous electrol y te solution in an amount of from 0.5 mg/m l to 5 m 2/ml and the CuC l- is present in the aqueous electrolyte solution in concentration of from 0.5 M to 5M. Currently amended
The battery of claim 11, wherein the aqueous electrolyte solution consists of water, the graphene oxide nanosheets, the CuCl 2 and optionally at least one selected from the group consisting of silver nitrate and gold chloride. New
The battery of claim 11, wherein the graphene oxide nanosheets consist of C and O. New
The battery of claim 11, wherein the graphene oxide nanosheets are present in the aqueous electrolyte solution in an amount of from 0.5 mg/m l to 1 mg/m l and the C uCl is present in the aqueous electrolyte solution in concentration of from 0.5 M to 1M. New
Layer stacks claimed or described, ordered top of device to substrate.
graphene oxide based electrochemical cell
battery comprising plurality of graphene oxide based electrochemical cells
No layer stack recorded.
Materials described outside the worked examples.
water
H₂O
graphene oxide nanosheets
Measurements and analyses referenced in the patent, with their drawing references.
FIG. 2 is a schematic representation of a battery consisting of a plurality of the graphene oxide based electrochemical cells connected electrically in series …
Performance values and ranges asserted in the specification or claims.
| Property | Value | Material |
|---|---|---|
open circuit voltage | ≥ 0.59 V | — |
short circuit current | ≥ 95.1 mA |
Related documents with shared materials, methods, properties, or citations.
Patent
Atlas literature
Patent
US 9,979,052Patent drawings and their descriptions. Click a drawing to enlarge it.
FIG. 1 is a schematic representation of the graphene oxide based electrochemical cell.
FIG. 2 is a schematic representation of a battery consisting of a plurality of the graphene oxide based electrochemical cells connected electrically in series …
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram illustrating the 1 5 arc-discharge technique and apparatus used to prepare graphene oxide nanosheets from graphite according to …
FIG. 4 is an X-ray diffraction diagram of graphene oxide synthesized by a modified Hummer's method according to Example 2.
FIG. 5 is an atomic force microscope (AFM) image of the graphene oxide nanosheets synthesized by the modified Hummer's method according to Example 2. 20
FIG. 6 is an X-ray diffraction diagram showing the X-ray spectra of pristine graphite and graphene oxide synthesized by arc-discharge according to Example 2.
FIG. 7 is a field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM) image of graphene oxide nanosheets synthesized by arc-discharge according to Example 2.
FIG. 8 is a transmission electron microscope (TEM) image of graphene oxide 25 nanosheets synthesized by arc-discharge according to Example 2.
FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of the graphene oxide based electrochemical cell fabricated according to Example 3.
FIG. 10 is a graphical presentation of the current-voltage relationship and the power- voltage relationship of the graphene oxide based electrochemical cell …
FIG. 11 is a graphical presentation of the voltage-time relationship of the graphene oxide based electrochemical cell according to Example 3.
Claims define the patent's legal scope. Independent claims stand alone; dependent claims (nested) narrow them. Click a claim to expand its dependents.
A graphene oxide based electroche m ical cell, comprising: an aqueous electrolyte solution, an aluminum anode and a graphene-coated graphite cathode contained in a vessel, wherein the aqueous electrolyte solution comprises water, graphene oxide nanosheets and C uC 2 dissol v ed in the water, wh erein the graphene oxide nanosheets are present in the aqueous electrolyte solution in an amount of from 0.5 mg/ml to 5 mg/ml and the CuC l, is present in the aqueous electrolyte solution in concentration of from 0.5 M to 5M. Currently amended
The graphene oxide based electrochemical cell of claim 1, wherein the distance between the anode and the cathode ran g es from about 1 cm to about 5 cm. Original
The graphene oxide based electroche m ical cell of claim 1, wherein the open circuit voltage of said graphene oxide based electrochemical cell is at least 0.59 V. Original
The graphene oxide based electrochemical cell of claim 1, wherein the short circuit current of said graphene oxide based electrochemical cell is at least 95.10 mA. Original
The graphene oxide based electrochemical cell of claim 1, wherein the maximum power of said graphene oxide based electrochemical cell is at least about 13 mW. Original
The graphene oxide based electrochemical cell of claim 1, further comprising at least one other metal salt selected from the group consisting of silver nitrate and gold chloride. Original
The battery of claim 1 1, w herein the plurality of electroche m ical cells is connected electrically in series and/or in parallel. Original
The graphene oxide based electroche m ical cell of claim 1, wherein the aqueous electrolyte solution consists of water, the graphene oxide nanosheets, the CuC lI and optionally at least one selected from the group consisting of silver nitrate and gold chloride. New
The graphene oxide based electrochemical cell of claim 1, wherein the graphene oxide nanosheets consist of C and O. New
The graphene oxide based electrochemical cell of claim 1, wherein the vessel is glass and the cathode and anode are at opposite sides thereof, and the anode and the cathode are separated by a distance that is less than the lengths of the anode and the cathode. New
The battery of claim 1 1, wherein the vessel is glass and the cathode and anode are at opposite sides thereof, and the anode and the cathode are separated by a distance that is less than the lengths of the anode and the cathode. New
The graphene oxide based electroche m ical cell of claim 1, wherein the graphene oxide nanosheets are present in the aqueous electrolyte solution in an amount of from 0.5 mg/m l to 1 mg/m l and the CuC l 2 is present in the aqueous electrolyte solution in concentration of from 0. 5 M to IM. New
Canceled
Claims 4-6. Canceled
Canceled
1: A battery, comprising: a plurality of electrochemical cells, wherein at least one electrochemical cell comprises an aqueous electrolyte solution, an aluminum anode and a graphene-coated graphite cathode contained in a vessel, wherein the aqueous electrolyte solution comprises water, graphene oxide nanosheets and CuC l 2 dissolved in the w ater, wherein the graphene oxide nanosheets are present in the aqueous electrol y te solution in an amount of from 0.5 mg/m l to 5 m 2/ml and the CuC l- is present in the aqueous electrolyte solution in concentration of from 0.5 M to 5M. Currently amended
The battery of claim 11, wherein the aqueous electrolyte solution consists of water, the graphene oxide nanosheets, the CuCl 2 and optionally at least one selected from the group consisting of silver nitrate and gold chloride. New
The battery of claim 11, wherein the graphene oxide nanosheets consist of C and O. New
The battery of claim 11, wherein the graphene oxide nanosheets are present in the aqueous electrolyte solution in an amount of from 0.5 mg/m l to 1 mg/m l and the C uCl is present in the aqueous electrolyte solution in concentration of from 0.5 M to 1M. New
Layer stacks claimed or described, ordered top of device to substrate.
graphene oxide based electrochemical cell
battery comprising plurality of graphene oxide based electrochemical cells
No layer stack recorded.
Materials described outside the worked examples.
water
H₂O
graphene oxide nanosheets
Measurements and analyses referenced in the patent, with their drawing references.
FIG. 2 is a schematic representation of a battery consisting of a plurality of the graphene oxide based electrochemical cells connected electrically in series …
Performance values and ranges asserted in the specification or claims.
| Property | Value | Material |
|---|---|---|
open circuit voltage | ≥ 0.59 V | — |
short circuit current | ≥ 95.1 mA |
Related documents with shared materials, methods, properties, or citations.
Patent
Atlas literature
Patent
US 9,979,052Patent drawings and their descriptions. Click a drawing to enlarge it.
FIG. 1 is a schematic representation of the graphene oxide based electrochemical cell.
FIG. 2 is a schematic representation of a battery consisting of a plurality of the graphene oxide based electrochemical cells connected electrically in series …
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram illustrating the 1 5 arc-discharge technique and apparatus used to prepare graphene oxide nanosheets from graphite according to …
FIG. 4 is an X-ray diffraction diagram of graphene oxide synthesized by a modified Hummer's method according to Example 2.
FIG. 5 is an atomic force microscope (AFM) image of the graphene oxide nanosheets synthesized by the modified Hummer's method according to Example 2. 20
FIG. 6 is an X-ray diffraction diagram showing the X-ray spectra of pristine graphite and graphene oxide synthesized by arc-discharge according to Example 2.
FIG. 7 is a field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM) image of graphene oxide nanosheets synthesized by arc-discharge according to Example 2.
FIG. 8 is a transmission electron microscope (TEM) image of graphene oxide 25 nanosheets synthesized by arc-discharge according to Example 2.
FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of the graphene oxide based electrochemical cell fabricated according to Example 3.
FIG. 10 is a graphical presentation of the current-voltage relationship and the power- voltage relationship of the graphene oxide based electrochemical cell …
FIG. 11 is a graphical presentation of the voltage-time relationship of the graphene oxide based electrochemical cell according to Example 3.
Claims define the patent's legal scope. Independent claims stand alone; dependent claims (nested) narrow them. Click a claim to expand its dependents.
A graphene oxide based electroche m ical cell, comprising: an aqueous electrolyte solution, an aluminum anode and a graphene-coated graphite cathode contained in a vessel, wherein the aqueous electrolyte solution comprises water, graphene oxide nanosheets and C uC 2 dissol v ed in the water, wh erein the graphene oxide nanosheets are present in the aqueous electrolyte solution in an amount of from 0.5 mg/ml to 5 mg/ml and the CuC l, is present in the aqueous electrolyte solution in concentration of from 0.5 M to 5M. Currently amended
The graphene oxide based electrochemical cell of claim 1, wherein the distance between the anode and the cathode ran g es from about 1 cm to about 5 cm. Original
The graphene oxide based electroche m ical cell of claim 1, wherein the open circuit voltage of said graphene oxide based electrochemical cell is at least 0.59 V. Original
The graphene oxide based electrochemical cell of claim 1, wherein the short circuit current of said graphene oxide based electrochemical cell is at least 95.10 mA. Original
The graphene oxide based electrochemical cell of claim 1, wherein the maximum power of said graphene oxide based electrochemical cell is at least about 13 mW. Original
The graphene oxide based electrochemical cell of claim 1, further comprising at least one other metal salt selected from the group consisting of silver nitrate and gold chloride. Original
The battery of claim 1 1, w herein the plurality of electroche m ical cells is connected electrically in series and/or in parallel. Original
The graphene oxide based electroche m ical cell of claim 1, wherein the aqueous electrolyte solution consists of water, the graphene oxide nanosheets, the CuC lI and optionally at least one selected from the group consisting of silver nitrate and gold chloride. New
The graphene oxide based electrochemical cell of claim 1, wherein the graphene oxide nanosheets consist of C and O. New
The graphene oxide based electrochemical cell of claim 1, wherein the vessel is glass and the cathode and anode are at opposite sides thereof, and the anode and the cathode are separated by a distance that is less than the lengths of the anode and the cathode. New
The battery of claim 1 1, wherein the vessel is glass and the cathode and anode are at opposite sides thereof, and the anode and the cathode are separated by a distance that is less than the lengths of the anode and the cathode. New
The graphene oxide based electroche m ical cell of claim 1, wherein the graphene oxide nanosheets are present in the aqueous electrolyte solution in an amount of from 0.5 mg/m l to 1 mg/m l and the CuC l 2 is present in the aqueous electrolyte solution in concentration of from 0. 5 M to IM. New
Canceled
Claims 4-6. Canceled
Canceled
1: A battery, comprising: a plurality of electrochemical cells, wherein at least one electrochemical cell comprises an aqueous electrolyte solution, an aluminum anode and a graphene-coated graphite cathode contained in a vessel, wherein the aqueous electrolyte solution comprises water, graphene oxide nanosheets and CuC l 2 dissolved in the w ater, wherein the graphene oxide nanosheets are present in the aqueous electrol y te solution in an amount of from 0.5 mg/m l to 5 m 2/ml and the CuC l- is present in the aqueous electrolyte solution in concentration of from 0.5 M to 5M. Currently amended
The battery of claim 11, wherein the aqueous electrolyte solution consists of water, the graphene oxide nanosheets, the CuCl 2 and optionally at least one selected from the group consisting of silver nitrate and gold chloride. New
The battery of claim 11, wherein the graphene oxide nanosheets consist of C and O. New
The battery of claim 11, wherein the graphene oxide nanosheets are present in the aqueous electrolyte solution in an amount of from 0.5 mg/m l to 1 mg/m l and the C uCl is present in the aqueous electrolyte solution in concentration of from 0.5 M to 1M. New
Layer stacks claimed or described, ordered top of device to substrate.
graphene oxide based electrochemical cell
battery comprising plurality of graphene oxide based electrochemical cells
No layer stack recorded.
Materials described outside the worked examples.
water
H₂O
graphene oxide nanosheets
Measurements and analyses referenced in the patent, with their drawing references.
FIG. 2 is a schematic representation of a battery consisting of a plurality of the graphene oxide based electrochemical cells connected electrically in series …
Performance values and ranges asserted in the specification or claims.
| Property | Value | Material |
|---|---|---|
open circuit voltage | ≥ 0.59 V | — |
short circuit current | ≥ 95.1 mA |
Related documents with shared materials, methods, properties, or citations.
Patent
Atlas literature
Patent
US 9,979,052Patent drawings and their descriptions. Click a drawing to enlarge it.
FIG. 1 is a schematic representation of the graphene oxide based electrochemical cell.
FIG. 2 is a schematic representation of a battery consisting of a plurality of the graphene oxide based electrochemical cells connected electrically in series …
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram illustrating the 1 5 arc-discharge technique and apparatus used to prepare graphene oxide nanosheets from graphite according to …
FIG. 4 is an X-ray diffraction diagram of graphene oxide synthesized by a modified Hummer's method according to Example 2.
FIG. 5 is an atomic force microscope (AFM) image of the graphene oxide nanosheets synthesized by the modified Hummer's method according to Example 2. 20
FIG. 6 is an X-ray diffraction diagram showing the X-ray spectra of pristine graphite and graphene oxide synthesized by arc-discharge according to Example 2.
FIG. 7 is a field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM) image of graphene oxide nanosheets synthesized by arc-discharge according to Example 2.
FIG. 8 is a transmission electron microscope (TEM) image of graphene oxide 25 nanosheets synthesized by arc-discharge according to Example 2.
FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of the graphene oxide based electrochemical cell fabricated according to Example 3.
FIG. 10 is a graphical presentation of the current-voltage relationship and the power- voltage relationship of the graphene oxide based electrochemical cell …
FIG. 11 is a graphical presentation of the voltage-time relationship of the graphene oxide based electrochemical cell according to Example 3.
Claims define the patent's legal scope. Independent claims stand alone; dependent claims (nested) narrow them. Click a claim to expand its dependents.
A graphene oxide based electroche m ical cell, comprising: an aqueous electrolyte solution, an aluminum anode and a graphene-coated graphite cathode contained in a vessel, wherein the aqueous electrolyte solution comprises water, graphene oxide nanosheets and C uC 2 dissol v ed in the water, wh erein the graphene oxide nanosheets are present in the aqueous electrolyte solution in an amount of from 0.5 mg/ml to 5 mg/ml and the CuC l, is present in the aqueous electrolyte solution in concentration of from 0.5 M to 5M. Currently amended
The graphene oxide based electrochemical cell of claim 1, wherein the distance between the anode and the cathode ran g es from about 1 cm to about 5 cm. Original
The graphene oxide based electroche m ical cell of claim 1, wherein the open circuit voltage of said graphene oxide based electrochemical cell is at least 0.59 V. Original
The graphene oxide based electrochemical cell of claim 1, wherein the short circuit current of said graphene oxide based electrochemical cell is at least 95.10 mA. Original
The graphene oxide based electrochemical cell of claim 1, wherein the maximum power of said graphene oxide based electrochemical cell is at least about 13 mW. Original
The graphene oxide based electrochemical cell of claim 1, further comprising at least one other metal salt selected from the group consisting of silver nitrate and gold chloride. Original
The battery of claim 1 1, w herein the plurality of electroche m ical cells is connected electrically in series and/or in parallel. Original
The graphene oxide based electroche m ical cell of claim 1, wherein the aqueous electrolyte solution consists of water, the graphene oxide nanosheets, the CuC lI and optionally at least one selected from the group consisting of silver nitrate and gold chloride. New
The graphene oxide based electrochemical cell of claim 1, wherein the graphene oxide nanosheets consist of C and O. New
The graphene oxide based electrochemical cell of claim 1, wherein the vessel is glass and the cathode and anode are at opposite sides thereof, and the anode and the cathode are separated by a distance that is less than the lengths of the anode and the cathode. New
The battery of claim 1 1, wherein the vessel is glass and the cathode and anode are at opposite sides thereof, and the anode and the cathode are separated by a distance that is less than the lengths of the anode and the cathode. New
The graphene oxide based electroche m ical cell of claim 1, wherein the graphene oxide nanosheets are present in the aqueous electrolyte solution in an amount of from 0.5 mg/m l to 1 mg/m l and the CuC l 2 is present in the aqueous electrolyte solution in concentration of from 0. 5 M to IM. New
Canceled
Claims 4-6. Canceled
Canceled
1: A battery, comprising: a plurality of electrochemical cells, wherein at least one electrochemical cell comprises an aqueous electrolyte solution, an aluminum anode and a graphene-coated graphite cathode contained in a vessel, wherein the aqueous electrolyte solution comprises water, graphene oxide nanosheets and CuC l 2 dissolved in the w ater, wherein the graphene oxide nanosheets are present in the aqueous electrol y te solution in an amount of from 0.5 mg/m l to 5 m 2/ml and the CuC l- is present in the aqueous electrolyte solution in concentration of from 0.5 M to 5M. Currently amended
The battery of claim 11, wherein the aqueous electrolyte solution consists of water, the graphene oxide nanosheets, the CuCl 2 and optionally at least one selected from the group consisting of silver nitrate and gold chloride. New
The battery of claim 11, wherein the graphene oxide nanosheets consist of C and O. New
The battery of claim 11, wherein the graphene oxide nanosheets are present in the aqueous electrolyte solution in an amount of from 0.5 mg/m l to 1 mg/m l and the C uCl is present in the aqueous electrolyte solution in concentration of from 0.5 M to 1M. New
Layer stacks claimed or described, ordered top of device to substrate.
graphene oxide based electrochemical cell
battery comprising plurality of graphene oxide based electrochemical cells
No layer stack recorded.
Materials described outside the worked examples.
water
H₂O
graphene oxide nanosheets
Measurements and analyses referenced in the patent, with their drawing references.
FIG. 2 is a schematic representation of a battery consisting of a plurality of the graphene oxide based electrochemical cells connected electrically in series …
Performance values and ranges asserted in the specification or claims.
| Property | Value | Material |
|---|---|---|
open circuit voltage | ≥ 0.59 V | — |
short circuit current | ≥ 95.1 mA |
Related documents with shared materials, methods, properties, or citations.
copper(II) chloride
CuCl₂
aluminum
Al
graphene-coated graphite
silver nitrate
AgNO₃
gold chloride
graphene oxide
C₈O₄H₇
graphene
graphite
FIG. 5 is an atomic force microscope (AFM) image of the graphene oxide nanosheets synthesized by the modified Hummer's method according to Example 2. 20
FIG. 7 is a field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM) image of graphene oxide nanosheets synthesized by arc-discharge according to Example 2.
FIG. 8 is a transmission electron microscope (TEM) image of graphene oxide 25 nanosheets synthesized by arc-discharge according to Example 2.
| — |
maximum power | ≥ 13 mW | — |
inter-planar distance of graphene oxide (dry) | 6.1 Angstrom | C₈O₄H₇ |
inter-planar distance of graphite | 3.35 Angstrom | graphite |
Thickness | 2–10 cm | — |
Thickness | 4–8 cm | — |
Thickness | 4–6 cm | — |
Thickness | 1–5 cm | — |
Thickness | 4–8 nm | — |
Thickness | 2–4 cm | — |
Thickness | 0.2–3 nm | — |
Thickness | 0.5–2.5 nm | — |
Thickness | 1–2 nm | — |
Thickness | 0.5–1.5 nm | — |
Thickness | 5–7 nm | — |
Thickness | 0.01–1 nM | — |
Thickness | 0.05–0.8 nM | — |
Thickness | 0.1–0.6 nM | — |
Thickness | 0.2–0.4 nM | — |
Thickness | 20–900 nm | — |
Thickness | 150–400 nm | — |
Thickness | 200–300 nm | — |
Thickness | ≤ 0.2 nm | — |
Voltage | ≥ 0.7 V | — |
Voltage | ≥ 0.8 V | — |
Voltage | ≥ 1 V | — |
Voltage | ≥ 1.2 V | — |
copper(II) chloride
CuCl₂
aluminum
Al
graphene-coated graphite
silver nitrate
AgNO₃
gold chloride
graphene oxide
C₈O₄H₇
graphene
graphite
FIG. 5 is an atomic force microscope (AFM) image of the graphene oxide nanosheets synthesized by the modified Hummer's method according to Example 2. 20
FIG. 7 is a field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM) image of graphene oxide nanosheets synthesized by arc-discharge according to Example 2.
FIG. 8 is a transmission electron microscope (TEM) image of graphene oxide 25 nanosheets synthesized by arc-discharge according to Example 2.
| — |
maximum power | ≥ 13 mW | — |
inter-planar distance of graphene oxide (dry) | 6.1 Angstrom | C₈O₄H₇ |
inter-planar distance of graphite | 3.35 Angstrom | graphite |
Thickness | 2–10 cm | — |
Thickness | 4–8 cm | — |
Thickness | 4–6 cm | — |
Thickness | 1–5 cm | — |
Thickness | 4–8 nm | — |
Thickness | 2–4 cm | — |
Thickness | 0.2–3 nm | — |
Thickness | 0.5–2.5 nm | — |
Thickness | 1–2 nm | — |
Thickness | 0.5–1.5 nm | — |
Thickness | 5–7 nm | — |
Thickness | 0.01–1 nM | — |
Thickness | 0.05–0.8 nM | — |
Thickness | 0.1–0.6 nM | — |
Thickness | 0.2–0.4 nM | — |
Thickness | 20–900 nm | — |
Thickness | 150–400 nm | — |
Thickness | 200–300 nm | — |
Thickness | ≤ 0.2 nm | — |
Voltage | ≥ 0.7 V | — |
Voltage | ≥ 0.8 V | — |
Voltage | ≥ 1 V | — |
Voltage | ≥ 1.2 V | — |
copper(II) chloride
CuCl₂
aluminum
Al
graphene-coated graphite
silver nitrate
AgNO₃
gold chloride
graphene oxide
C₈O₄H₇
graphene
graphite
FIG. 5 is an atomic force microscope (AFM) image of the graphene oxide nanosheets synthesized by the modified Hummer's method according to Example 2. 20
FIG. 7 is a field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM) image of graphene oxide nanosheets synthesized by arc-discharge according to Example 2.
FIG. 8 is a transmission electron microscope (TEM) image of graphene oxide 25 nanosheets synthesized by arc-discharge according to Example 2.
| — |
maximum power | ≥ 13 mW | — |
inter-planar distance of graphene oxide (dry) | 6.1 Angstrom | C₈O₄H₇ |
inter-planar distance of graphite | 3.35 Angstrom | graphite |
Thickness | 2–10 cm | — |
Thickness | 4–8 cm | — |
Thickness | 4–6 cm | — |
Thickness | 1–5 cm | — |
Thickness | 4–8 nm | — |
Thickness | 2–4 cm | — |
Thickness | 0.2–3 nm | — |
Thickness | 0.5–2.5 nm | — |
Thickness | 1–2 nm | — |
Thickness | 0.5–1.5 nm | — |
Thickness | 5–7 nm | — |
Thickness | 0.01–1 nM | — |
Thickness | 0.05–0.8 nM | — |
Thickness | 0.1–0.6 nM | — |
Thickness | 0.2–0.4 nM | — |
Thickness | 20–900 nm | — |
Thickness | 150–400 nm | — |
Thickness | 200–300 nm | — |
Thickness | ≤ 0.2 nm | — |
Voltage | ≥ 0.7 V | — |
Voltage | ≥ 0.8 V | — |
Voltage | ≥ 1 V | — |
Voltage | ≥ 1.2 V | — |
copper(II) chloride
CuCl₂
aluminum
Al
graphene-coated graphite
silver nitrate
AgNO₃
gold chloride
graphene oxide
C₈O₄H₇
graphene
graphite
FIG. 5 is an atomic force microscope (AFM) image of the graphene oxide nanosheets synthesized by the modified Hummer's method according to Example 2. 20
FIG. 7 is a field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM) image of graphene oxide nanosheets synthesized by arc-discharge according to Example 2.
FIG. 8 is a transmission electron microscope (TEM) image of graphene oxide 25 nanosheets synthesized by arc-discharge according to Example 2.
| — |
maximum power | ≥ 13 mW | — |
inter-planar distance of graphene oxide (dry) | 6.1 Angstrom | C₈O₄H₇ |
inter-planar distance of graphite | 3.35 Angstrom | graphite |
Thickness | 2–10 cm | — |
Thickness | 4–8 cm | — |
Thickness | 4–6 cm | — |
Thickness | 1–5 cm | — |
Thickness | 4–8 nm | — |
Thickness | 2–4 cm | — |
Thickness | 0.2–3 nm | — |
Thickness | 0.5–2.5 nm | — |
Thickness | 1–2 nm | — |
Thickness | 0.5–1.5 nm | — |
Thickness | 5–7 nm | — |
Thickness | 0.01–1 nM | — |
Thickness | 0.05–0.8 nM | — |
Thickness | 0.1–0.6 nM | — |
Thickness | 0.2–0.4 nM | — |
Thickness | 20–900 nm | — |
Thickness | 150–400 nm | — |
Thickness | 200–300 nm | — |
Thickness | ≤ 0.2 nm | — |
Voltage | ≥ 0.7 V | — |
Voltage | ≥ 0.8 V | — |
Voltage | ≥ 1 V | — |
Voltage | ≥ 1.2 V | — |