Patent
US 10,189,006INTEGRAL 3D GRAPHENE-CARBON HYBRID FOAM
Aruna Zhamu
US
Copyright © 2026 Matter42. All rights reserved.
Patent
Atlas literature
Patent
US 10,189,006Patent drawings and their descriptions. Click a drawing to enlarge it.
FIG. 1 A flow chart showing the most commonly used prior art process of producing highly oxidized NGPs that entails tedious chemical oxidation/intercalation, …
FIG. 2(B) Schematic of the heat-induced conversion of polymer into carbon, which bonds graphene sheets together to form a 3D graphene-carbon hybrid foam. The …
FIG. 3(B) An SEM image of an internal structure of another 3D graphene-carbon hybrid foam
FIG. 4(A) Thermal conductivity values vs. specific gravity of a 3D integral graphene-carbon foam produced by the presently invented process, a meso-phase …
FIG. 5 Thermal conductivity values of 3D graphene-carbon hybrid foam and pristine graphene foam (prepared by casting with a blowing agent and then heat …
FIG. 6 Electrical conductivity values of 3D graphene-carbon foam and the hydrothermally reduced GO graphene foam.
FIG. 7 The amount of oil absorbed per gram of integral 3D graphene-carbon hybrid foam, plotted as a function of the oxygen content in the foam having a …
FIG. 8 The amount of oil absorbed per gram of integral 3D graphene-carbon hybrid foam, plotted as a function of the porosity level (given the same oxygen …
FIG. 9 The amount of chloroform absorbed out of a chloroform-water mixture, plotted as a function of the degree of fluorination.
FIG. 10 Schematic of heat sink structures (2 examples).
Claims define the patent's legal scope. Independent claims stand alone; dependent claims (nested) narrow them. Click a claim to expand its dependents.
An integral graphene-carbon hybrid foam comprising multiple pores and pore walls, wherein said pore walls comprise single-layer or few-layer graphene sheets selected from the group consisting of graphene fluoride, graphene chloride, graphene bromide, graphene iodide, hydrogenated graphene, nitrogenated graphene, and combinations thereof and containing 0.001 % to 25 % by weight of non-carbon elements; wherein said few-layer graphene sheets have 2-10 layers of stacked graphene planes having an inter-plane spacing d 00 2 from 0.3354 nm to 0.40 nm as measured by X-ray diffraction; and wherein said single- layer or few-layer graphene sheets are chemically bonded by a carbon material and have a carbon material-to-graphene weight ratio from 1/200 to 1/2. Original
The integral graphene-carbon hybrid foam of claim 1, having a density from 0.005 to 1.7 g/cm 3 or an average pore size from 2 nm to 50 nm. Original
The integral graphene-carbon hybrid foam of claim 1, having an oxygen content less than 1 % by weight, wherein said pore walls have an inter-graphene spacing less than 0.35 nm, a thermal conductivity from 250 to 400 W/mK per unit of specific gravity, and/or an electrical conductivity no less than 2,500 to 4,000 S/cm per unit of specific gravity. Original
The integral graphene-carbon hybrid foam of claim 1, having a thickness from 100 nm to 10 cm and a length of at least 2 meters. Original
The integral graphene-carbon hybrid foam of claim 1, wherein said pore walls comprise stacked graphene planes having an inter-graphene spacing less than 0.337 nm and a mosaic spread value less than 1.0. Original
The integral graphene-carbon hybrid foam of claim 1, wherein said pore walls comprise a three dimensional network of interconnected graphene planes or wherein said foam comprises mesoscaled pores having a pore size from 2 nm to 50 nm. Original
The integral graphene-carbon hybrid foam of claim 1, wherein said pore walls further comprise a pristine graphene. Original
An integral graphene-carbon hybrid foam comprising multiple pores and pore walls, wherein said pore walls comprise single-layer or few-layer graphene sheets selected from the group consisting of doped graphene, chemically functionalized graphene, and combinations thereof and containing 0.001 % to 25 % by weight of non-carbon elements; wherein said few-layer graphene sheets have 2-10 layers of stacked graphene planes having an inter-plane spacing d 00 2 from 0.3354 nm to 0.40 nm as measured by X-ray diffraction; and wherein said single-layer or few-layer graphene sheets are chemically bonded by a carbon material and have a carbon material-to-graphene weight ratio from 1/200 to 1/2. Original
The integral graphene-carbon hybrid foam of claim 8, having a density from 0.005 to 1.7 g/cm 3 or an average pore size from 2 nm to 50 nm. Original
The integral graphene-carbon hybrid foam of claim 8, having a thickness from 100 nm to 10 cm and a length of at least 2. Original
The integral graphene-carbon hybrid foam of claim 8, having an oxygen content less than 1 % by weight, wherein said pore walls have an inter-graphene spacing less than 0.35 nm, a thermal conductivity from 250 to 400 W/mK per unit of specific gravity, and/or an electrical conductivity no less than 2,500 to 4,000 S/cm per unit of specific gravity. Original
The integral graphene-carbon hybrid foam of claim 8, wherein said pore walls comprise stacked graphene planes having an inter-graphene spacing less than 0.337 nm and a mosaic spread value less than 1.0. Original
The integral graphene-carbon hybrid foam of claim 8, wherein said pore walls comprise a three dimensional network of interconnected graphene planes. Original
The integral graphene-carbon hybrid foam of claim 8, wherein said pore walls further comprise a pristine graphene. Original
An integral pristine graphene-carbon hybrid foam comprising multiple pores and pore walls, wherein said pore walls comprise single-layer or few-layer pristine graphene sheets chemically bonded by a carbon material having a carbon material-to-graphene weight ratio from 1/200 to 1/2, wherein said few-layer graphene sheets have 2-10 layers of stacked graphene planes having an inter-plane spacing d 00 2 from 0.3354 nm to 0.40 nm as measured by X-ray diffraction. Original
The integral pristine graphene-carbon hybrid foam of claim 15, having a density from 0.005 to 1.7 g/cm 3. Original
The integral pristine graphene-carbon hybrid foam of claim 15, having an oxygen content less than 1% by weight, wherein said pore walls have an inter-graphene spacing less than 0.35 nm, a thermal conductivity from 250 to 400 W/mK per unit of specific gravity, and/or an electrical conductivity no less than 2,500 to 4,000 S/cm per unit of specific gravity. Original
The integral pristine graphene-carbon hybrid foam of claim 15, wherein said integral pristine graphene-carbon hybrid foam comprises mesoscaled pores having a pore size from 2 nm to 50 nm. Original
The integral pristine graphene-carbon hybrid foam of claim 15, wherein said pore walls comprise stacked graphene planes havi ng an inter-graphene spacing less than 0.337 nm and a mosaic spread value less than 1.0. Original
The integral pristine graphene-carbon hybrid foam of claim 15, wherein said pore walls comprise a three dimensional network of interconnected graphene planes. Original
Layer stacks claimed or described, ordered top of device to substrate.
integral graphene-carbon hybrid foam (halogenated/hydrogenated/nitrogenated graphene type)
integral graphene-carbon hybrid foam (doped/functionalized graphene type)
integral pristine graphene-carbon hybrid foam
Materials described outside the worked examples.
graphene fluoride
graphene chloride
Measurements and analyses referenced in the patent, with their drawing references.
FIG. 3(B) An SEM image of an internal structure of another 3D graphene-carbon hybrid foam
Performance values and ranges asserted in the specification or claims.
| Property | Value | Material |
|---|---|---|
inter-plane spacing d002 of few-layer graphene in pore walls | 0.3354–0.4 | graphene fluoridegraphene chloridegraphene bromide |
Related documents with shared materials, methods, properties, or citations.
Patent
Atlas literature
Patent
US 10,189,006Patent drawings and their descriptions. Click a drawing to enlarge it.
FIG. 1 A flow chart showing the most commonly used prior art process of producing highly oxidized NGPs that entails tedious chemical oxidation/intercalation, …
FIG. 2(B) Schematic of the heat-induced conversion of polymer into carbon, which bonds graphene sheets together to form a 3D graphene-carbon hybrid foam. The …
FIG. 3(B) An SEM image of an internal structure of another 3D graphene-carbon hybrid foam
FIG. 4(A) Thermal conductivity values vs. specific gravity of a 3D integral graphene-carbon foam produced by the presently invented process, a meso-phase …
FIG. 5 Thermal conductivity values of 3D graphene-carbon hybrid foam and pristine graphene foam (prepared by casting with a blowing agent and then heat …
FIG. 6 Electrical conductivity values of 3D graphene-carbon foam and the hydrothermally reduced GO graphene foam.
FIG. 7 The amount of oil absorbed per gram of integral 3D graphene-carbon hybrid foam, plotted as a function of the oxygen content in the foam having a …
FIG. 8 The amount of oil absorbed per gram of integral 3D graphene-carbon hybrid foam, plotted as a function of the porosity level (given the same oxygen …
FIG. 9 The amount of chloroform absorbed out of a chloroform-water mixture, plotted as a function of the degree of fluorination.
FIG. 10 Schematic of heat sink structures (2 examples).
Claims define the patent's legal scope. Independent claims stand alone; dependent claims (nested) narrow them. Click a claim to expand its dependents.
An integral graphene-carbon hybrid foam comprising multiple pores and pore walls, wherein said pore walls comprise single-layer or few-layer graphene sheets selected from the group consisting of graphene fluoride, graphene chloride, graphene bromide, graphene iodide, hydrogenated graphene, nitrogenated graphene, and combinations thereof and containing 0.001 % to 25 % by weight of non-carbon elements; wherein said few-layer graphene sheets have 2-10 layers of stacked graphene planes having an inter-plane spacing d 00 2 from 0.3354 nm to 0.40 nm as measured by X-ray diffraction; and wherein said single- layer or few-layer graphene sheets are chemically bonded by a carbon material and have a carbon material-to-graphene weight ratio from 1/200 to 1/2. Original
The integral graphene-carbon hybrid foam of claim 1, having a density from 0.005 to 1.7 g/cm 3 or an average pore size from 2 nm to 50 nm. Original
The integral graphene-carbon hybrid foam of claim 1, having an oxygen content less than 1 % by weight, wherein said pore walls have an inter-graphene spacing less than 0.35 nm, a thermal conductivity from 250 to 400 W/mK per unit of specific gravity, and/or an electrical conductivity no less than 2,500 to 4,000 S/cm per unit of specific gravity. Original
The integral graphene-carbon hybrid foam of claim 1, having a thickness from 100 nm to 10 cm and a length of at least 2 meters. Original
The integral graphene-carbon hybrid foam of claim 1, wherein said pore walls comprise stacked graphene planes having an inter-graphene spacing less than 0.337 nm and a mosaic spread value less than 1.0. Original
The integral graphene-carbon hybrid foam of claim 1, wherein said pore walls comprise a three dimensional network of interconnected graphene planes or wherein said foam comprises mesoscaled pores having a pore size from 2 nm to 50 nm. Original
The integral graphene-carbon hybrid foam of claim 1, wherein said pore walls further comprise a pristine graphene. Original
An integral graphene-carbon hybrid foam comprising multiple pores and pore walls, wherein said pore walls comprise single-layer or few-layer graphene sheets selected from the group consisting of doped graphene, chemically functionalized graphene, and combinations thereof and containing 0.001 % to 25 % by weight of non-carbon elements; wherein said few-layer graphene sheets have 2-10 layers of stacked graphene planes having an inter-plane spacing d 00 2 from 0.3354 nm to 0.40 nm as measured by X-ray diffraction; and wherein said single-layer or few-layer graphene sheets are chemically bonded by a carbon material and have a carbon material-to-graphene weight ratio from 1/200 to 1/2. Original
The integral graphene-carbon hybrid foam of claim 8, having a density from 0.005 to 1.7 g/cm 3 or an average pore size from 2 nm to 50 nm. Original
The integral graphene-carbon hybrid foam of claim 8, having a thickness from 100 nm to 10 cm and a length of at least 2. Original
The integral graphene-carbon hybrid foam of claim 8, having an oxygen content less than 1 % by weight, wherein said pore walls have an inter-graphene spacing less than 0.35 nm, a thermal conductivity from 250 to 400 W/mK per unit of specific gravity, and/or an electrical conductivity no less than 2,500 to 4,000 S/cm per unit of specific gravity. Original
The integral graphene-carbon hybrid foam of claim 8, wherein said pore walls comprise stacked graphene planes having an inter-graphene spacing less than 0.337 nm and a mosaic spread value less than 1.0. Original
The integral graphene-carbon hybrid foam of claim 8, wherein said pore walls comprise a three dimensional network of interconnected graphene planes. Original
The integral graphene-carbon hybrid foam of claim 8, wherein said pore walls further comprise a pristine graphene. Original
An integral pristine graphene-carbon hybrid foam comprising multiple pores and pore walls, wherein said pore walls comprise single-layer or few-layer pristine graphene sheets chemically bonded by a carbon material having a carbon material-to-graphene weight ratio from 1/200 to 1/2, wherein said few-layer graphene sheets have 2-10 layers of stacked graphene planes having an inter-plane spacing d 00 2 from 0.3354 nm to 0.40 nm as measured by X-ray diffraction. Original
The integral pristine graphene-carbon hybrid foam of claim 15, having a density from 0.005 to 1.7 g/cm 3. Original
The integral pristine graphene-carbon hybrid foam of claim 15, having an oxygen content less than 1% by weight, wherein said pore walls have an inter-graphene spacing less than 0.35 nm, a thermal conductivity from 250 to 400 W/mK per unit of specific gravity, and/or an electrical conductivity no less than 2,500 to 4,000 S/cm per unit of specific gravity. Original
The integral pristine graphene-carbon hybrid foam of claim 15, wherein said integral pristine graphene-carbon hybrid foam comprises mesoscaled pores having a pore size from 2 nm to 50 nm. Original
The integral pristine graphene-carbon hybrid foam of claim 15, wherein said pore walls comprise stacked graphene planes havi ng an inter-graphene spacing less than 0.337 nm and a mosaic spread value less than 1.0. Original
The integral pristine graphene-carbon hybrid foam of claim 15, wherein said pore walls comprise a three dimensional network of interconnected graphene planes. Original
Layer stacks claimed or described, ordered top of device to substrate.
integral graphene-carbon hybrid foam (halogenated/hydrogenated/nitrogenated graphene type)
integral graphene-carbon hybrid foam (doped/functionalized graphene type)
integral pristine graphene-carbon hybrid foam
Materials described outside the worked examples.
graphene fluoride
graphene chloride
Measurements and analyses referenced in the patent, with their drawing references.
FIG. 3(B) An SEM image of an internal structure of another 3D graphene-carbon hybrid foam
Performance values and ranges asserted in the specification or claims.
| Property | Value | Material |
|---|---|---|
inter-plane spacing d002 of few-layer graphene in pore walls | 0.3354–0.4 | graphene fluoridegraphene chloridegraphene bromide |
Related documents with shared materials, methods, properties, or citations.
Patent
Atlas literature
Patent
US 10,189,006Patent drawings and their descriptions. Click a drawing to enlarge it.
FIG. 1 A flow chart showing the most commonly used prior art process of producing highly oxidized NGPs that entails tedious chemical oxidation/intercalation, …
FIG. 2(B) Schematic of the heat-induced conversion of polymer into carbon, which bonds graphene sheets together to form a 3D graphene-carbon hybrid foam. The …
FIG. 3(B) An SEM image of an internal structure of another 3D graphene-carbon hybrid foam
FIG. 4(A) Thermal conductivity values vs. specific gravity of a 3D integral graphene-carbon foam produced by the presently invented process, a meso-phase …
FIG. 5 Thermal conductivity values of 3D graphene-carbon hybrid foam and pristine graphene foam (prepared by casting with a blowing agent and then heat …
FIG. 6 Electrical conductivity values of 3D graphene-carbon foam and the hydrothermally reduced GO graphene foam.
FIG. 7 The amount of oil absorbed per gram of integral 3D graphene-carbon hybrid foam, plotted as a function of the oxygen content in the foam having a …
FIG. 8 The amount of oil absorbed per gram of integral 3D graphene-carbon hybrid foam, plotted as a function of the porosity level (given the same oxygen …
FIG. 9 The amount of chloroform absorbed out of a chloroform-water mixture, plotted as a function of the degree of fluorination.
FIG. 10 Schematic of heat sink structures (2 examples).
Claims define the patent's legal scope. Independent claims stand alone; dependent claims (nested) narrow them. Click a claim to expand its dependents.
An integral graphene-carbon hybrid foam comprising multiple pores and pore walls, wherein said pore walls comprise single-layer or few-layer graphene sheets selected from the group consisting of graphene fluoride, graphene chloride, graphene bromide, graphene iodide, hydrogenated graphene, nitrogenated graphene, and combinations thereof and containing 0.001 % to 25 % by weight of non-carbon elements; wherein said few-layer graphene sheets have 2-10 layers of stacked graphene planes having an inter-plane spacing d 00 2 from 0.3354 nm to 0.40 nm as measured by X-ray diffraction; and wherein said single- layer or few-layer graphene sheets are chemically bonded by a carbon material and have a carbon material-to-graphene weight ratio from 1/200 to 1/2. Original
The integral graphene-carbon hybrid foam of claim 1, having a density from 0.005 to 1.7 g/cm 3 or an average pore size from 2 nm to 50 nm. Original
The integral graphene-carbon hybrid foam of claim 1, having an oxygen content less than 1 % by weight, wherein said pore walls have an inter-graphene spacing less than 0.35 nm, a thermal conductivity from 250 to 400 W/mK per unit of specific gravity, and/or an electrical conductivity no less than 2,500 to 4,000 S/cm per unit of specific gravity. Original
The integral graphene-carbon hybrid foam of claim 1, having a thickness from 100 nm to 10 cm and a length of at least 2 meters. Original
The integral graphene-carbon hybrid foam of claim 1, wherein said pore walls comprise stacked graphene planes having an inter-graphene spacing less than 0.337 nm and a mosaic spread value less than 1.0. Original
The integral graphene-carbon hybrid foam of claim 1, wherein said pore walls comprise a three dimensional network of interconnected graphene planes or wherein said foam comprises mesoscaled pores having a pore size from 2 nm to 50 nm. Original
The integral graphene-carbon hybrid foam of claim 1, wherein said pore walls further comprise a pristine graphene. Original
An integral graphene-carbon hybrid foam comprising multiple pores and pore walls, wherein said pore walls comprise single-layer or few-layer graphene sheets selected from the group consisting of doped graphene, chemically functionalized graphene, and combinations thereof and containing 0.001 % to 25 % by weight of non-carbon elements; wherein said few-layer graphene sheets have 2-10 layers of stacked graphene planes having an inter-plane spacing d 00 2 from 0.3354 nm to 0.40 nm as measured by X-ray diffraction; and wherein said single-layer or few-layer graphene sheets are chemically bonded by a carbon material and have a carbon material-to-graphene weight ratio from 1/200 to 1/2. Original
The integral graphene-carbon hybrid foam of claim 8, having a density from 0.005 to 1.7 g/cm 3 or an average pore size from 2 nm to 50 nm. Original
The integral graphene-carbon hybrid foam of claim 8, having a thickness from 100 nm to 10 cm and a length of at least 2. Original
The integral graphene-carbon hybrid foam of claim 8, having an oxygen content less than 1 % by weight, wherein said pore walls have an inter-graphene spacing less than 0.35 nm, a thermal conductivity from 250 to 400 W/mK per unit of specific gravity, and/or an electrical conductivity no less than 2,500 to 4,000 S/cm per unit of specific gravity. Original
The integral graphene-carbon hybrid foam of claim 8, wherein said pore walls comprise stacked graphene planes having an inter-graphene spacing less than 0.337 nm and a mosaic spread value less than 1.0. Original
The integral graphene-carbon hybrid foam of claim 8, wherein said pore walls comprise a three dimensional network of interconnected graphene planes. Original
The integral graphene-carbon hybrid foam of claim 8, wherein said pore walls further comprise a pristine graphene. Original
An integral pristine graphene-carbon hybrid foam comprising multiple pores and pore walls, wherein said pore walls comprise single-layer or few-layer pristine graphene sheets chemically bonded by a carbon material having a carbon material-to-graphene weight ratio from 1/200 to 1/2, wherein said few-layer graphene sheets have 2-10 layers of stacked graphene planes having an inter-plane spacing d 00 2 from 0.3354 nm to 0.40 nm as measured by X-ray diffraction. Original
The integral pristine graphene-carbon hybrid foam of claim 15, having a density from 0.005 to 1.7 g/cm 3. Original
The integral pristine graphene-carbon hybrid foam of claim 15, having an oxygen content less than 1% by weight, wherein said pore walls have an inter-graphene spacing less than 0.35 nm, a thermal conductivity from 250 to 400 W/mK per unit of specific gravity, and/or an electrical conductivity no less than 2,500 to 4,000 S/cm per unit of specific gravity. Original
The integral pristine graphene-carbon hybrid foam of claim 15, wherein said integral pristine graphene-carbon hybrid foam comprises mesoscaled pores having a pore size from 2 nm to 50 nm. Original
The integral pristine graphene-carbon hybrid foam of claim 15, wherein said pore walls comprise stacked graphene planes havi ng an inter-graphene spacing less than 0.337 nm and a mosaic spread value less than 1.0. Original
The integral pristine graphene-carbon hybrid foam of claim 15, wherein said pore walls comprise a three dimensional network of interconnected graphene planes. Original
Layer stacks claimed or described, ordered top of device to substrate.
integral graphene-carbon hybrid foam (halogenated/hydrogenated/nitrogenated graphene type)
integral graphene-carbon hybrid foam (doped/functionalized graphene type)
integral pristine graphene-carbon hybrid foam
Materials described outside the worked examples.
graphene fluoride
graphene chloride
Measurements and analyses referenced in the patent, with their drawing references.
FIG. 3(B) An SEM image of an internal structure of another 3D graphene-carbon hybrid foam
Performance values and ranges asserted in the specification or claims.
| Property | Value | Material |
|---|---|---|
inter-plane spacing d002 of few-layer graphene in pore walls | 0.3354–0.4 | graphene fluoridegraphene chloridegraphene bromide |
Related documents with shared materials, methods, properties, or citations.
Patent
Atlas literature
Patent
US 10,189,006Patent drawings and their descriptions. Click a drawing to enlarge it.
FIG. 1 A flow chart showing the most commonly used prior art process of producing highly oxidized NGPs that entails tedious chemical oxidation/intercalation, …
FIG. 2(B) Schematic of the heat-induced conversion of polymer into carbon, which bonds graphene sheets together to form a 3D graphene-carbon hybrid foam. The …
FIG. 3(B) An SEM image of an internal structure of another 3D graphene-carbon hybrid foam
FIG. 4(A) Thermal conductivity values vs. specific gravity of a 3D integral graphene-carbon foam produced by the presently invented process, a meso-phase …
FIG. 5 Thermal conductivity values of 3D graphene-carbon hybrid foam and pristine graphene foam (prepared by casting with a blowing agent and then heat …
FIG. 6 Electrical conductivity values of 3D graphene-carbon foam and the hydrothermally reduced GO graphene foam.
FIG. 7 The amount of oil absorbed per gram of integral 3D graphene-carbon hybrid foam, plotted as a function of the oxygen content in the foam having a …
FIG. 8 The amount of oil absorbed per gram of integral 3D graphene-carbon hybrid foam, plotted as a function of the porosity level (given the same oxygen …
FIG. 9 The amount of chloroform absorbed out of a chloroform-water mixture, plotted as a function of the degree of fluorination.
FIG. 10 Schematic of heat sink structures (2 examples).
Claims define the patent's legal scope. Independent claims stand alone; dependent claims (nested) narrow them. Click a claim to expand its dependents.
An integral graphene-carbon hybrid foam comprising multiple pores and pore walls, wherein said pore walls comprise single-layer or few-layer graphene sheets selected from the group consisting of graphene fluoride, graphene chloride, graphene bromide, graphene iodide, hydrogenated graphene, nitrogenated graphene, and combinations thereof and containing 0.001 % to 25 % by weight of non-carbon elements; wherein said few-layer graphene sheets have 2-10 layers of stacked graphene planes having an inter-plane spacing d 00 2 from 0.3354 nm to 0.40 nm as measured by X-ray diffraction; and wherein said single- layer or few-layer graphene sheets are chemically bonded by a carbon material and have a carbon material-to-graphene weight ratio from 1/200 to 1/2. Original
The integral graphene-carbon hybrid foam of claim 1, having a density from 0.005 to 1.7 g/cm 3 or an average pore size from 2 nm to 50 nm. Original
The integral graphene-carbon hybrid foam of claim 1, having an oxygen content less than 1 % by weight, wherein said pore walls have an inter-graphene spacing less than 0.35 nm, a thermal conductivity from 250 to 400 W/mK per unit of specific gravity, and/or an electrical conductivity no less than 2,500 to 4,000 S/cm per unit of specific gravity. Original
The integral graphene-carbon hybrid foam of claim 1, having a thickness from 100 nm to 10 cm and a length of at least 2 meters. Original
The integral graphene-carbon hybrid foam of claim 1, wherein said pore walls comprise stacked graphene planes having an inter-graphene spacing less than 0.337 nm and a mosaic spread value less than 1.0. Original
The integral graphene-carbon hybrid foam of claim 1, wherein said pore walls comprise a three dimensional network of interconnected graphene planes or wherein said foam comprises mesoscaled pores having a pore size from 2 nm to 50 nm. Original
The integral graphene-carbon hybrid foam of claim 1, wherein said pore walls further comprise a pristine graphene. Original
An integral graphene-carbon hybrid foam comprising multiple pores and pore walls, wherein said pore walls comprise single-layer or few-layer graphene sheets selected from the group consisting of doped graphene, chemically functionalized graphene, and combinations thereof and containing 0.001 % to 25 % by weight of non-carbon elements; wherein said few-layer graphene sheets have 2-10 layers of stacked graphene planes having an inter-plane spacing d 00 2 from 0.3354 nm to 0.40 nm as measured by X-ray diffraction; and wherein said single-layer or few-layer graphene sheets are chemically bonded by a carbon material and have a carbon material-to-graphene weight ratio from 1/200 to 1/2. Original
The integral graphene-carbon hybrid foam of claim 8, having a density from 0.005 to 1.7 g/cm 3 or an average pore size from 2 nm to 50 nm. Original
The integral graphene-carbon hybrid foam of claim 8, having a thickness from 100 nm to 10 cm and a length of at least 2. Original
The integral graphene-carbon hybrid foam of claim 8, having an oxygen content less than 1 % by weight, wherein said pore walls have an inter-graphene spacing less than 0.35 nm, a thermal conductivity from 250 to 400 W/mK per unit of specific gravity, and/or an electrical conductivity no less than 2,500 to 4,000 S/cm per unit of specific gravity. Original
The integral graphene-carbon hybrid foam of claim 8, wherein said pore walls comprise stacked graphene planes having an inter-graphene spacing less than 0.337 nm and a mosaic spread value less than 1.0. Original
The integral graphene-carbon hybrid foam of claim 8, wherein said pore walls comprise a three dimensional network of interconnected graphene planes. Original
The integral graphene-carbon hybrid foam of claim 8, wherein said pore walls further comprise a pristine graphene. Original
An integral pristine graphene-carbon hybrid foam comprising multiple pores and pore walls, wherein said pore walls comprise single-layer or few-layer pristine graphene sheets chemically bonded by a carbon material having a carbon material-to-graphene weight ratio from 1/200 to 1/2, wherein said few-layer graphene sheets have 2-10 layers of stacked graphene planes having an inter-plane spacing d 00 2 from 0.3354 nm to 0.40 nm as measured by X-ray diffraction. Original
The integral pristine graphene-carbon hybrid foam of claim 15, having a density from 0.005 to 1.7 g/cm 3. Original
The integral pristine graphene-carbon hybrid foam of claim 15, having an oxygen content less than 1% by weight, wherein said pore walls have an inter-graphene spacing less than 0.35 nm, a thermal conductivity from 250 to 400 W/mK per unit of specific gravity, and/or an electrical conductivity no less than 2,500 to 4,000 S/cm per unit of specific gravity. Original
The integral pristine graphene-carbon hybrid foam of claim 15, wherein said integral pristine graphene-carbon hybrid foam comprises mesoscaled pores having a pore size from 2 nm to 50 nm. Original
The integral pristine graphene-carbon hybrid foam of claim 15, wherein said pore walls comprise stacked graphene planes havi ng an inter-graphene spacing less than 0.337 nm and a mosaic spread value less than 1.0. Original
The integral pristine graphene-carbon hybrid foam of claim 15, wherein said pore walls comprise a three dimensional network of interconnected graphene planes. Original
Layer stacks claimed or described, ordered top of device to substrate.
integral graphene-carbon hybrid foam (halogenated/hydrogenated/nitrogenated graphene type)
integral graphene-carbon hybrid foam (doped/functionalized graphene type)
integral pristine graphene-carbon hybrid foam
Materials described outside the worked examples.
graphene fluoride
graphene chloride
Measurements and analyses referenced in the patent, with their drawing references.
FIG. 3(B) An SEM image of an internal structure of another 3D graphene-carbon hybrid foam
Performance values and ranges asserted in the specification or claims.
| Property | Value | Material |
|---|---|---|
inter-plane spacing d002 of few-layer graphene in pore walls | 0.3354–0.4 | graphene fluoridegraphene chloridegraphene bromide |
Related documents with shared materials, methods, properties, or citations.
graphene bromide
graphene iodide
hydrogenated graphene
nitrogenated graphene
carbon material (binder)
pristine graphene
doped graphene
chemically functionalized graphene
graphene oxide
reduced graphene oxide
FIG. 6 Electrical conductivity values of 3D graphene-carbon foam and the hydrothermally reduced GO graphene foam.
inter-graphene spacing of pore walls (high-quality) | ≤ 0.35 | — |
inter-graphene spacing (highly ordered pore walls) | ≤ 0.337 | — |
Temperature | 1500–2500 °C | — |
Temperature | 300–1500 °C | — |
Thickness | 0.3354–0.36 nm | — |
Thickness | 0.3354–0.4 nm | — |
Thickness | 2–50 nm | — |
Temperature | 100–650 °C | — |
Duration | 900–7200 s | — |
Thickness | 0.3345–0.4 nm | — |
Duration | 0.5–5 minutes | — |
Duration | 48–72 hours | — |
— | 250–500 W | — |
Temperature | 300–2500 °C | — |
Duration | 10–120 minutes | — |
Duration | 2–48 hours | — |
Duration | 48–96 hours | — |
Duration | 10–100 minutes | — |
Temperature | 80–500 °C | — |
Duration | 1–5 hours | — |
Temperature | 80–1500 °C | — |
Temperature | 3000–3250 °C | — |
Thickness | ≤ 0.344 nm | — |
Temperature | ≤ 2500 °C | — |
Thickness | ≤ 2 nm | — |
Pressure | ≤ 1 torr | — |
Thickness | ≥ 5 nm | — |
Thickness | ≥ 10 nm | — |
Thickness | ≥ 1 nm | — |
— | ≥ 200 W | — |
Duration | ≥ 15 minutes | — |
Thickness | 100–100000000 nm | — |
— | 250–400 W | — |
Thickness | ≤ 0.35 nm | — |
Thickness | ≤ 0.337 nm | — |
Thickness | 10–10000000 nm | — |
Thickness | 100–1000000 nm | — |
Temperature | 200–2500 °C | — |
Temperature | 2500–3200 °C | — |
Thickness | ≤ 1 nm | — |
Thickness | ≤ 0.34 nm | — |
Thickness | ≤ 0.336 nm | — |
Temperature | ≥ 1 °C | — |
Thickness | ≥ 10 cm | — |
— | ≥ 250 W | — |
— | ≥ 300 W | — |
— | ≥ 350 W | — |
— | ≥ 400 W | — |
graphene bromide
graphene iodide
hydrogenated graphene
nitrogenated graphene
carbon material (binder)
pristine graphene
doped graphene
chemically functionalized graphene
graphene oxide
reduced graphene oxide
FIG. 6 Electrical conductivity values of 3D graphene-carbon foam and the hydrothermally reduced GO graphene foam.
inter-graphene spacing of pore walls (high-quality) | ≤ 0.35 | — |
inter-graphene spacing (highly ordered pore walls) | ≤ 0.337 | — |
Temperature | 1500–2500 °C | — |
Temperature | 300–1500 °C | — |
Thickness | 0.3354–0.36 nm | — |
Thickness | 0.3354–0.4 nm | — |
Thickness | 2–50 nm | — |
Temperature | 100–650 °C | — |
Duration | 900–7200 s | — |
Thickness | 0.3345–0.4 nm | — |
Duration | 0.5–5 minutes | — |
Duration | 48–72 hours | — |
— | 250–500 W | — |
Temperature | 300–2500 °C | — |
Duration | 10–120 minutes | — |
Duration | 2–48 hours | — |
Duration | 48–96 hours | — |
Duration | 10–100 minutes | — |
Temperature | 80–500 °C | — |
Duration | 1–5 hours | — |
Temperature | 80–1500 °C | — |
Temperature | 3000–3250 °C | — |
Thickness | ≤ 0.344 nm | — |
Temperature | ≤ 2500 °C | — |
Thickness | ≤ 2 nm | — |
Pressure | ≤ 1 torr | — |
Thickness | ≥ 5 nm | — |
Thickness | ≥ 10 nm | — |
Thickness | ≥ 1 nm | — |
— | ≥ 200 W | — |
Duration | ≥ 15 minutes | — |
Thickness | 100–100000000 nm | — |
— | 250–400 W | — |
Thickness | ≤ 0.35 nm | — |
Thickness | ≤ 0.337 nm | — |
Thickness | 10–10000000 nm | — |
Thickness | 100–1000000 nm | — |
Temperature | 200–2500 °C | — |
Temperature | 2500–3200 °C | — |
Thickness | ≤ 1 nm | — |
Thickness | ≤ 0.34 nm | — |
Thickness | ≤ 0.336 nm | — |
Temperature | ≥ 1 °C | — |
Thickness | ≥ 10 cm | — |
— | ≥ 250 W | — |
— | ≥ 300 W | — |
— | ≥ 350 W | — |
— | ≥ 400 W | — |
graphene bromide
graphene iodide
hydrogenated graphene
nitrogenated graphene
carbon material (binder)
pristine graphene
doped graphene
chemically functionalized graphene
graphene oxide
reduced graphene oxide
FIG. 6 Electrical conductivity values of 3D graphene-carbon foam and the hydrothermally reduced GO graphene foam.
inter-graphene spacing of pore walls (high-quality) | ≤ 0.35 | — |
inter-graphene spacing (highly ordered pore walls) | ≤ 0.337 | — |
Temperature | 1500–2500 °C | — |
Temperature | 300–1500 °C | — |
Thickness | 0.3354–0.36 nm | — |
Thickness | 0.3354–0.4 nm | — |
Thickness | 2–50 nm | — |
Temperature | 100–650 °C | — |
Duration | 900–7200 s | — |
Thickness | 0.3345–0.4 nm | — |
Duration | 0.5–5 minutes | — |
Duration | 48–72 hours | — |
— | 250–500 W | — |
Temperature | 300–2500 °C | — |
Duration | 10–120 minutes | — |
Duration | 2–48 hours | — |
Duration | 48–96 hours | — |
Duration | 10–100 minutes | — |
Temperature | 80–500 °C | — |
Duration | 1–5 hours | — |
Temperature | 80–1500 °C | — |
Temperature | 3000–3250 °C | — |
Thickness | ≤ 0.344 nm | — |
Temperature | ≤ 2500 °C | — |
Thickness | ≤ 2 nm | — |
Pressure | ≤ 1 torr | — |
Thickness | ≥ 5 nm | — |
Thickness | ≥ 10 nm | — |
Thickness | ≥ 1 nm | — |
— | ≥ 200 W | — |
Duration | ≥ 15 minutes | — |
Thickness | 100–100000000 nm | — |
— | 250–400 W | — |
Thickness | ≤ 0.35 nm | — |
Thickness | ≤ 0.337 nm | — |
Thickness | 10–10000000 nm | — |
Thickness | 100–1000000 nm | — |
Temperature | 200–2500 °C | — |
Temperature | 2500–3200 °C | — |
Thickness | ≤ 1 nm | — |
Thickness | ≤ 0.34 nm | — |
Thickness | ≤ 0.336 nm | — |
Temperature | ≥ 1 °C | — |
Thickness | ≥ 10 cm | — |
— | ≥ 250 W | — |
— | ≥ 300 W | — |
— | ≥ 350 W | — |
— | ≥ 400 W | — |
graphene bromide
graphene iodide
hydrogenated graphene
nitrogenated graphene
carbon material (binder)
pristine graphene
doped graphene
chemically functionalized graphene
graphene oxide
reduced graphene oxide
FIG. 6 Electrical conductivity values of 3D graphene-carbon foam and the hydrothermally reduced GO graphene foam.
inter-graphene spacing of pore walls (high-quality) | ≤ 0.35 | — |
inter-graphene spacing (highly ordered pore walls) | ≤ 0.337 | — |
Temperature | 1500–2500 °C | — |
Temperature | 300–1500 °C | — |
Thickness | 0.3354–0.36 nm | — |
Thickness | 0.3354–0.4 nm | — |
Thickness | 2–50 nm | — |
Temperature | 100–650 °C | — |
Duration | 900–7200 s | — |
Thickness | 0.3345–0.4 nm | — |
Duration | 0.5–5 minutes | — |
Duration | 48–72 hours | — |
— | 250–500 W | — |
Temperature | 300–2500 °C | — |
Duration | 10–120 minutes | — |
Duration | 2–48 hours | — |
Duration | 48–96 hours | — |
Duration | 10–100 minutes | — |
Temperature | 80–500 °C | — |
Duration | 1–5 hours | — |
Temperature | 80–1500 °C | — |
Temperature | 3000–3250 °C | — |
Thickness | ≤ 0.344 nm | — |
Temperature | ≤ 2500 °C | — |
Thickness | ≤ 2 nm | — |
Pressure | ≤ 1 torr | — |
Thickness | ≥ 5 nm | — |
Thickness | ≥ 10 nm | — |
Thickness | ≥ 1 nm | — |
— | ≥ 200 W | — |
Duration | ≥ 15 minutes | — |
Thickness | 100–100000000 nm | — |
— | 250–400 W | — |
Thickness | ≤ 0.35 nm | — |
Thickness | ≤ 0.337 nm | — |
Thickness | 10–10000000 nm | — |
Thickness | 100–1000000 nm | — |
Temperature | 200–2500 °C | — |
Temperature | 2500–3200 °C | — |
Thickness | ≤ 1 nm | — |
Thickness | ≤ 0.34 nm | — |
Thickness | ≤ 0.336 nm | — |
Temperature | ≥ 1 °C | — |
Thickness | ≥ 10 cm | — |
— | ≥ 250 W | — |
— | ≥ 300 W | — |
— | ≥ 350 W | — |
— | ≥ 400 W | — |