Patent
US 10,569,229GRAPHENE-BASED MEMBRANE AND METHOD OF PRODUCING THE SAME
James Antony Prince
US
Copyright © 2026 Matter42. All rights reserved.
Patent
Atlas literature
Patent
US 10,569,229Patent drawings and their descriptions. Click a drawing to enlarge it.
Figure 1 is a phase diagram showing the dope composition for fabricating the graphene grafted poly(acrylonitrile-co-maleimide) (G-PANCMI) membrane in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 2 is a phase diagram showing the dope composition for fabricating the modified polyethersulfone graphene grafted poly(acrylonitrile-co-maleimide) (PES-G-PANCMI) membrane in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 3 illustrates a schematic representation of an exemplary chemical synthesis protocol for preparing the graphene grafted poly(acrylonitrile-co-maleimide) in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 4(a) is a FTIR spectrum of graphene, amine functionalized graphene, poly(acrylonitrile-co-maleic anhydride) and graphene grafted poly(acrylonitrile-co- maleimide). SUBSTITUTE SPECIFICATION-CLEAN COPY
Figure 5(a) is a graph showing the average water contact angle of poly(acrylonitrile-co- maleic anhydride) (PANCMA) and graphene grafted poly(acrylonitrile-co-maleimide) (G- PANCMI).
Figure 6(a) shows the SEM images of the synthesized poly(acrylonitrile-co-male ic anhydride) (PANCMA) membrane and the graphene grafted poly(acrylonitrile-co- maleimide) (G-PANCM I) membrane.
Figure 7(a) shows the pure water flux at 1 bar (100 kPa) feed pressure.
Figure 8(a) is a schematic representation of hydrogen bonding and protein repulsion of the novel graphene-based membrane in accordance with some embodiments of the present invention.
Figure 9(a) shows the SEM images of the synthesized polyethersulfone (PES) membrane and the modified polyethersulfone graphene grafted poly(acrylonitrile-co-maleimide) (PES-G-PANCM I) membrane.
Figure 10(a) is a chart showing the liquid entry pressure of oil (LEP oa I).
Figure 11 shows the permeability (flux drop) and oil removal efficiency of the poly(acrylonitrile-co-maleic anhydride) (PANCMA) membrane and the graphene grafted poly(acrylonitrile-co-maleimide) (G-PANCM I) membrane in a long time study of 8 hours.
Claims define the patent's legal scope. Independent claims stand alone; dependent claims (nested) narrow them. Click a claim to expand its dependents.
A single-layer graphene-based membrane comprising a graphene- polymer composite, wherein the graphene-polymer composite consists of an amine functionalized graphene and a polymer containing an anhydride group as a linker for linking the amine functionalized graphene to the polymer, wherein the graphene-polymer composite is a graphene grafted poly(acrylonitrile-co-maleimide). Currently amended
The single-layer graphene-based membrane according to claim 1, wherein the membrane has an average pore size of 0.04 to 0.10 m. Previously presented
Canceled
The single-layer graphene-based membrane according to claim 2 1, wherein the membrane is a flat sheet membrane. Currently amended
Canceled
The single-layer graphene-based membrane according to claim-3 1, wherein the graphene polymer composite further comprises a second polymer, wherein the second polymer is polyethersulfone. Currently amended
The single-layer graphene-based membrane according 4, wherein the membrane has an average pore size of 0.04 to 0.10 m. Original
The single-layer graphene-based membrane according to claim [[3]] 4, wherein the membrane is a hollow-fiber membrane. Currently amended
A composition for use in fabricating a single-layer graphene-based membrane, the composition comprising a graphene-polymer composite, wherein the graphene-polymer composite consists of an amine functionalized graphene and a polymer containing an anhydride group as a linker for linking the amine functionalized graphene to the polymer; and wherein the graphene-polymer composite is a graphene grafted poly(acrylonitrile-co-maleimide). Original
Canceled
The composition according to claim -1-0 9, wherein the g raphene polymer composite further comprises a second polymer, wherein the second polymer is polyethersulfone. Currently amended
A method of producing a single-layer graphene-based membrane from a graphene-polymer composite, the method comprising: (i) reacting a polymer containing an anhydride group with an amine functionalized graphene in presence of a solvent to form an intermediate product; and (ii) thermal imidizing the intermediate product to form a graphene grafted polymer composite for use in fabricating g raphene-based membrane. Withdrawn
The method according to claim 12, wherein the polymer containing the anhydride group is poly(acrylonitrile-co-maleic anhydride). Withdrawn
The method according to claim 12, wherein the thermal imidization is carried out by heating the intermediate product at a temperature ranging from I15° C to 255 ° C for a period of 1.5 to 4.5 hours. Withdrawn
The method according to claim 12, wherein the thermal imidization is carried out by heating the intermediate product at 195 ° C to 125 ° C for 0.5 to 1.5 hours, followed by 180 °C to 220 ° C for another 0.5 to 1.5 hours, and 245 ° C to 255 ° C for yet another 0.5 to 1.5 hours. Withdrawn
The method according to claim 12, wherein the thermal imidization is carried out by heating the intermediate product at 120 ° C for 2 hours, followed by 200 ° C for 1 hour. Withdrawn
The method according to claim 12, wherein the solvent is a polar aprotic solvent. Withdrawn
The method according to claim 12 or 13, wherein the polymer containing an anhydride group reacts with the amine functionalized graphene at a temperature of 80 ° C for 24 hours. Withdrawn
The method according to claim 12 or 14, further comprising: adding the graphene grafted polymer composite to a solution containing polyvinylpyrolidone, N-methyl-2-pyrolidone and diethylene glycol; and stirring the solution to obtain a homogenous polymeric casting solution for use in fabricating graphene-based membrane. Withdrawn
Layer stacks claimed or described, ordered top of device to substrate.
single-layer graphene-based membrane
flat sheet graphene-based membrane
hollow-fiber graphene-based membrane
Materials described outside the worked examples.
amine functionalized graphene
polymer containing an anhydride group
Additional fabrication and treatment steps described in the patent.
Measurements and analyses referenced in the patent, with their drawing references.
Figure 4(a) is a FTIR spectrum of graphene, amine functionalized graphene, poly(acrylonitrile-co-maleic anhydride) and graphene grafted poly(acrylonitrile-co- maleimide). SUBSTITUTE SPECIFICATION-CLEAN COPY
Performance values and ranges asserted in the specification or claims.
| Property | Value | Material |
|---|---|---|
Average Pore Size | 0.04–0.1 µm | — |
Temperature | 55–85 °C | — |
Related documents with shared materials, methods, properties, or citations.
Patent
Atlas literature
Patent
US 10,569,229Patent drawings and their descriptions. Click a drawing to enlarge it.
Figure 1 is a phase diagram showing the dope composition for fabricating the graphene grafted poly(acrylonitrile-co-maleimide) (G-PANCMI) membrane in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 2 is a phase diagram showing the dope composition for fabricating the modified polyethersulfone graphene grafted poly(acrylonitrile-co-maleimide) (PES-G-PANCMI) membrane in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 3 illustrates a schematic representation of an exemplary chemical synthesis protocol for preparing the graphene grafted poly(acrylonitrile-co-maleimide) in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 4(a) is a FTIR spectrum of graphene, amine functionalized graphene, poly(acrylonitrile-co-maleic anhydride) and graphene grafted poly(acrylonitrile-co- maleimide). SUBSTITUTE SPECIFICATION-CLEAN COPY
Figure 5(a) is a graph showing the average water contact angle of poly(acrylonitrile-co- maleic anhydride) (PANCMA) and graphene grafted poly(acrylonitrile-co-maleimide) (G- PANCMI).
Figure 6(a) shows the SEM images of the synthesized poly(acrylonitrile-co-male ic anhydride) (PANCMA) membrane and the graphene grafted poly(acrylonitrile-co- maleimide) (G-PANCM I) membrane.
Figure 7(a) shows the pure water flux at 1 bar (100 kPa) feed pressure.
Figure 8(a) is a schematic representation of hydrogen bonding and protein repulsion of the novel graphene-based membrane in accordance with some embodiments of the present invention.
Figure 9(a) shows the SEM images of the synthesized polyethersulfone (PES) membrane and the modified polyethersulfone graphene grafted poly(acrylonitrile-co-maleimide) (PES-G-PANCM I) membrane.
Figure 10(a) is a chart showing the liquid entry pressure of oil (LEP oa I).
Figure 11 shows the permeability (flux drop) and oil removal efficiency of the poly(acrylonitrile-co-maleic anhydride) (PANCMA) membrane and the graphene grafted poly(acrylonitrile-co-maleimide) (G-PANCM I) membrane in a long time study of 8 hours.
Claims define the patent's legal scope. Independent claims stand alone; dependent claims (nested) narrow them. Click a claim to expand its dependents.
A single-layer graphene-based membrane comprising a graphene- polymer composite, wherein the graphene-polymer composite consists of an amine functionalized graphene and a polymer containing an anhydride group as a linker for linking the amine functionalized graphene to the polymer, wherein the graphene-polymer composite is a graphene grafted poly(acrylonitrile-co-maleimide). Currently amended
The single-layer graphene-based membrane according to claim 1, wherein the membrane has an average pore size of 0.04 to 0.10 m. Previously presented
Canceled
The single-layer graphene-based membrane according to claim 2 1, wherein the membrane is a flat sheet membrane. Currently amended
Canceled
The single-layer graphene-based membrane according to claim-3 1, wherein the graphene polymer composite further comprises a second polymer, wherein the second polymer is polyethersulfone. Currently amended
The single-layer graphene-based membrane according 4, wherein the membrane has an average pore size of 0.04 to 0.10 m. Original
The single-layer graphene-based membrane according to claim [[3]] 4, wherein the membrane is a hollow-fiber membrane. Currently amended
A composition for use in fabricating a single-layer graphene-based membrane, the composition comprising a graphene-polymer composite, wherein the graphene-polymer composite consists of an amine functionalized graphene and a polymer containing an anhydride group as a linker for linking the amine functionalized graphene to the polymer; and wherein the graphene-polymer composite is a graphene grafted poly(acrylonitrile-co-maleimide). Original
Canceled
The composition according to claim -1-0 9, wherein the g raphene polymer composite further comprises a second polymer, wherein the second polymer is polyethersulfone. Currently amended
A method of producing a single-layer graphene-based membrane from a graphene-polymer composite, the method comprising: (i) reacting a polymer containing an anhydride group with an amine functionalized graphene in presence of a solvent to form an intermediate product; and (ii) thermal imidizing the intermediate product to form a graphene grafted polymer composite for use in fabricating g raphene-based membrane. Withdrawn
The method according to claim 12, wherein the polymer containing the anhydride group is poly(acrylonitrile-co-maleic anhydride). Withdrawn
The method according to claim 12, wherein the thermal imidization is carried out by heating the intermediate product at a temperature ranging from I15° C to 255 ° C for a period of 1.5 to 4.5 hours. Withdrawn
The method according to claim 12, wherein the thermal imidization is carried out by heating the intermediate product at 195 ° C to 125 ° C for 0.5 to 1.5 hours, followed by 180 °C to 220 ° C for another 0.5 to 1.5 hours, and 245 ° C to 255 ° C for yet another 0.5 to 1.5 hours. Withdrawn
The method according to claim 12, wherein the thermal imidization is carried out by heating the intermediate product at 120 ° C for 2 hours, followed by 200 ° C for 1 hour. Withdrawn
The method according to claim 12, wherein the solvent is a polar aprotic solvent. Withdrawn
The method according to claim 12 or 13, wherein the polymer containing an anhydride group reacts with the amine functionalized graphene at a temperature of 80 ° C for 24 hours. Withdrawn
The method according to claim 12 or 14, further comprising: adding the graphene grafted polymer composite to a solution containing polyvinylpyrolidone, N-methyl-2-pyrolidone and diethylene glycol; and stirring the solution to obtain a homogenous polymeric casting solution for use in fabricating graphene-based membrane. Withdrawn
Layer stacks claimed or described, ordered top of device to substrate.
single-layer graphene-based membrane
flat sheet graphene-based membrane
hollow-fiber graphene-based membrane
Materials described outside the worked examples.
amine functionalized graphene
polymer containing an anhydride group
Additional fabrication and treatment steps described in the patent.
Measurements and analyses referenced in the patent, with their drawing references.
Figure 4(a) is a FTIR spectrum of graphene, amine functionalized graphene, poly(acrylonitrile-co-maleic anhydride) and graphene grafted poly(acrylonitrile-co- maleimide). SUBSTITUTE SPECIFICATION-CLEAN COPY
Performance values and ranges asserted in the specification or claims.
| Property | Value | Material |
|---|---|---|
Average Pore Size | 0.04–0.1 µm | — |
Temperature | 55–85 °C | — |
Related documents with shared materials, methods, properties, or citations.
Patent
Atlas literature
Patent
US 10,569,229Patent drawings and their descriptions. Click a drawing to enlarge it.
Figure 1 is a phase diagram showing the dope composition for fabricating the graphene grafted poly(acrylonitrile-co-maleimide) (G-PANCMI) membrane in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 2 is a phase diagram showing the dope composition for fabricating the modified polyethersulfone graphene grafted poly(acrylonitrile-co-maleimide) (PES-G-PANCMI) membrane in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 3 illustrates a schematic representation of an exemplary chemical synthesis protocol for preparing the graphene grafted poly(acrylonitrile-co-maleimide) in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 4(a) is a FTIR spectrum of graphene, amine functionalized graphene, poly(acrylonitrile-co-maleic anhydride) and graphene grafted poly(acrylonitrile-co- maleimide). SUBSTITUTE SPECIFICATION-CLEAN COPY
Figure 5(a) is a graph showing the average water contact angle of poly(acrylonitrile-co- maleic anhydride) (PANCMA) and graphene grafted poly(acrylonitrile-co-maleimide) (G- PANCMI).
Figure 6(a) shows the SEM images of the synthesized poly(acrylonitrile-co-male ic anhydride) (PANCMA) membrane and the graphene grafted poly(acrylonitrile-co- maleimide) (G-PANCM I) membrane.
Figure 7(a) shows the pure water flux at 1 bar (100 kPa) feed pressure.
Figure 8(a) is a schematic representation of hydrogen bonding and protein repulsion of the novel graphene-based membrane in accordance with some embodiments of the present invention.
Figure 9(a) shows the SEM images of the synthesized polyethersulfone (PES) membrane and the modified polyethersulfone graphene grafted poly(acrylonitrile-co-maleimide) (PES-G-PANCM I) membrane.
Figure 10(a) is a chart showing the liquid entry pressure of oil (LEP oa I).
Figure 11 shows the permeability (flux drop) and oil removal efficiency of the poly(acrylonitrile-co-maleic anhydride) (PANCMA) membrane and the graphene grafted poly(acrylonitrile-co-maleimide) (G-PANCM I) membrane in a long time study of 8 hours.
Claims define the patent's legal scope. Independent claims stand alone; dependent claims (nested) narrow them. Click a claim to expand its dependents.
A single-layer graphene-based membrane comprising a graphene- polymer composite, wherein the graphene-polymer composite consists of an amine functionalized graphene and a polymer containing an anhydride group as a linker for linking the amine functionalized graphene to the polymer, wherein the graphene-polymer composite is a graphene grafted poly(acrylonitrile-co-maleimide). Currently amended
The single-layer graphene-based membrane according to claim 1, wherein the membrane has an average pore size of 0.04 to 0.10 m. Previously presented
Canceled
The single-layer graphene-based membrane according to claim 2 1, wherein the membrane is a flat sheet membrane. Currently amended
Canceled
The single-layer graphene-based membrane according to claim-3 1, wherein the graphene polymer composite further comprises a second polymer, wherein the second polymer is polyethersulfone. Currently amended
The single-layer graphene-based membrane according 4, wherein the membrane has an average pore size of 0.04 to 0.10 m. Original
The single-layer graphene-based membrane according to claim [[3]] 4, wherein the membrane is a hollow-fiber membrane. Currently amended
A composition for use in fabricating a single-layer graphene-based membrane, the composition comprising a graphene-polymer composite, wherein the graphene-polymer composite consists of an amine functionalized graphene and a polymer containing an anhydride group as a linker for linking the amine functionalized graphene to the polymer; and wherein the graphene-polymer composite is a graphene grafted poly(acrylonitrile-co-maleimide). Original
Canceled
The composition according to claim -1-0 9, wherein the g raphene polymer composite further comprises a second polymer, wherein the second polymer is polyethersulfone. Currently amended
A method of producing a single-layer graphene-based membrane from a graphene-polymer composite, the method comprising: (i) reacting a polymer containing an anhydride group with an amine functionalized graphene in presence of a solvent to form an intermediate product; and (ii) thermal imidizing the intermediate product to form a graphene grafted polymer composite for use in fabricating g raphene-based membrane. Withdrawn
The method according to claim 12, wherein the polymer containing the anhydride group is poly(acrylonitrile-co-maleic anhydride). Withdrawn
The method according to claim 12, wherein the thermal imidization is carried out by heating the intermediate product at a temperature ranging from I15° C to 255 ° C for a period of 1.5 to 4.5 hours. Withdrawn
The method according to claim 12, wherein the thermal imidization is carried out by heating the intermediate product at 195 ° C to 125 ° C for 0.5 to 1.5 hours, followed by 180 °C to 220 ° C for another 0.5 to 1.5 hours, and 245 ° C to 255 ° C for yet another 0.5 to 1.5 hours. Withdrawn
The method according to claim 12, wherein the thermal imidization is carried out by heating the intermediate product at 120 ° C for 2 hours, followed by 200 ° C for 1 hour. Withdrawn
The method according to claim 12, wherein the solvent is a polar aprotic solvent. Withdrawn
The method according to claim 12 or 13, wherein the polymer containing an anhydride group reacts with the amine functionalized graphene at a temperature of 80 ° C for 24 hours. Withdrawn
The method according to claim 12 or 14, further comprising: adding the graphene grafted polymer composite to a solution containing polyvinylpyrolidone, N-methyl-2-pyrolidone and diethylene glycol; and stirring the solution to obtain a homogenous polymeric casting solution for use in fabricating graphene-based membrane. Withdrawn
Layer stacks claimed or described, ordered top of device to substrate.
single-layer graphene-based membrane
flat sheet graphene-based membrane
hollow-fiber graphene-based membrane
Materials described outside the worked examples.
amine functionalized graphene
polymer containing an anhydride group
Additional fabrication and treatment steps described in the patent.
Measurements and analyses referenced in the patent, with their drawing references.
Figure 4(a) is a FTIR spectrum of graphene, amine functionalized graphene, poly(acrylonitrile-co-maleic anhydride) and graphene grafted poly(acrylonitrile-co- maleimide). SUBSTITUTE SPECIFICATION-CLEAN COPY
Performance values and ranges asserted in the specification or claims.
| Property | Value | Material |
|---|---|---|
Average Pore Size | 0.04–0.1 µm | — |
Temperature | 55–85 °C | — |
Related documents with shared materials, methods, properties, or citations.
Patent
Atlas literature
Patent
US 10,569,229Patent drawings and their descriptions. Click a drawing to enlarge it.
Figure 1 is a phase diagram showing the dope composition for fabricating the graphene grafted poly(acrylonitrile-co-maleimide) (G-PANCMI) membrane in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 2 is a phase diagram showing the dope composition for fabricating the modified polyethersulfone graphene grafted poly(acrylonitrile-co-maleimide) (PES-G-PANCMI) membrane in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 3 illustrates a schematic representation of an exemplary chemical synthesis protocol for preparing the graphene grafted poly(acrylonitrile-co-maleimide) in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 4(a) is a FTIR spectrum of graphene, amine functionalized graphene, poly(acrylonitrile-co-maleic anhydride) and graphene grafted poly(acrylonitrile-co- maleimide). SUBSTITUTE SPECIFICATION-CLEAN COPY
Figure 5(a) is a graph showing the average water contact angle of poly(acrylonitrile-co- maleic anhydride) (PANCMA) and graphene grafted poly(acrylonitrile-co-maleimide) (G- PANCMI).
Figure 6(a) shows the SEM images of the synthesized poly(acrylonitrile-co-male ic anhydride) (PANCMA) membrane and the graphene grafted poly(acrylonitrile-co- maleimide) (G-PANCM I) membrane.
Figure 7(a) shows the pure water flux at 1 bar (100 kPa) feed pressure.
Figure 8(a) is a schematic representation of hydrogen bonding and protein repulsion of the novel graphene-based membrane in accordance with some embodiments of the present invention.
Figure 9(a) shows the SEM images of the synthesized polyethersulfone (PES) membrane and the modified polyethersulfone graphene grafted poly(acrylonitrile-co-maleimide) (PES-G-PANCM I) membrane.
Figure 10(a) is a chart showing the liquid entry pressure of oil (LEP oa I).
Figure 11 shows the permeability (flux drop) and oil removal efficiency of the poly(acrylonitrile-co-maleic anhydride) (PANCMA) membrane and the graphene grafted poly(acrylonitrile-co-maleimide) (G-PANCM I) membrane in a long time study of 8 hours.
Claims define the patent's legal scope. Independent claims stand alone; dependent claims (nested) narrow them. Click a claim to expand its dependents.
A single-layer graphene-based membrane comprising a graphene- polymer composite, wherein the graphene-polymer composite consists of an amine functionalized graphene and a polymer containing an anhydride group as a linker for linking the amine functionalized graphene to the polymer, wherein the graphene-polymer composite is a graphene grafted poly(acrylonitrile-co-maleimide). Currently amended
The single-layer graphene-based membrane according to claim 1, wherein the membrane has an average pore size of 0.04 to 0.10 m. Previously presented
Canceled
The single-layer graphene-based membrane according to claim 2 1, wherein the membrane is a flat sheet membrane. Currently amended
Canceled
The single-layer graphene-based membrane according to claim-3 1, wherein the graphene polymer composite further comprises a second polymer, wherein the second polymer is polyethersulfone. Currently amended
The single-layer graphene-based membrane according 4, wherein the membrane has an average pore size of 0.04 to 0.10 m. Original
The single-layer graphene-based membrane according to claim [[3]] 4, wherein the membrane is a hollow-fiber membrane. Currently amended
A composition for use in fabricating a single-layer graphene-based membrane, the composition comprising a graphene-polymer composite, wherein the graphene-polymer composite consists of an amine functionalized graphene and a polymer containing an anhydride group as a linker for linking the amine functionalized graphene to the polymer; and wherein the graphene-polymer composite is a graphene grafted poly(acrylonitrile-co-maleimide). Original
Canceled
The composition according to claim -1-0 9, wherein the g raphene polymer composite further comprises a second polymer, wherein the second polymer is polyethersulfone. Currently amended
A method of producing a single-layer graphene-based membrane from a graphene-polymer composite, the method comprising: (i) reacting a polymer containing an anhydride group with an amine functionalized graphene in presence of a solvent to form an intermediate product; and (ii) thermal imidizing the intermediate product to form a graphene grafted polymer composite for use in fabricating g raphene-based membrane. Withdrawn
The method according to claim 12, wherein the polymer containing the anhydride group is poly(acrylonitrile-co-maleic anhydride). Withdrawn
The method according to claim 12, wherein the thermal imidization is carried out by heating the intermediate product at a temperature ranging from I15° C to 255 ° C for a period of 1.5 to 4.5 hours. Withdrawn
The method according to claim 12, wherein the thermal imidization is carried out by heating the intermediate product at 195 ° C to 125 ° C for 0.5 to 1.5 hours, followed by 180 °C to 220 ° C for another 0.5 to 1.5 hours, and 245 ° C to 255 ° C for yet another 0.5 to 1.5 hours. Withdrawn
The method according to claim 12, wherein the thermal imidization is carried out by heating the intermediate product at 120 ° C for 2 hours, followed by 200 ° C for 1 hour. Withdrawn
The method according to claim 12, wherein the solvent is a polar aprotic solvent. Withdrawn
The method according to claim 12 or 13, wherein the polymer containing an anhydride group reacts with the amine functionalized graphene at a temperature of 80 ° C for 24 hours. Withdrawn
The method according to claim 12 or 14, further comprising: adding the graphene grafted polymer composite to a solution containing polyvinylpyrolidone, N-methyl-2-pyrolidone and diethylene glycol; and stirring the solution to obtain a homogenous polymeric casting solution for use in fabricating graphene-based membrane. Withdrawn
Layer stacks claimed or described, ordered top of device to substrate.
single-layer graphene-based membrane
flat sheet graphene-based membrane
hollow-fiber graphene-based membrane
Materials described outside the worked examples.
amine functionalized graphene
polymer containing an anhydride group
Additional fabrication and treatment steps described in the patent.
Measurements and analyses referenced in the patent, with their drawing references.
Figure 4(a) is a FTIR spectrum of graphene, amine functionalized graphene, poly(acrylonitrile-co-maleic anhydride) and graphene grafted poly(acrylonitrile-co- maleimide). SUBSTITUTE SPECIFICATION-CLEAN COPY
Performance values and ranges asserted in the specification or claims.
| Property | Value | Material |
|---|---|---|
Average Pore Size | 0.04–0.1 µm | — |
Temperature | 55–85 °C | — |
Related documents with shared materials, methods, properties, or citations.
graphene grafted poly(acrylonitrile-co-maleimide)
polyethersulfone
poly(acrylonitrile-co-maleic anhydride)
N,N-dimethylacetamide
graphene grafted poly(acrylonitrile-co-maleic acid)
polyvinylpyrrolidone
N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone
diethylene glycol
Figure 5(a) is a graph showing the average water contact angle of poly(acrylonitrile-co- maleic anhydride) (PANCMA) and graphene grafted poly(acrylonitrile-co-maleimide) (G- PANCMI).
Figure 6(a) shows the SEM images of the synthesized poly(acrylonitrile-co-male ic anhydride) (PANCMA) membrane and the graphene grafted poly(acrylonitrile-co- maleimide) (G-PANCM I) membrane.
Figure 9(a) shows the SEM images of the synthesized polyethersulfone (PES) membrane and the modified polyethersulfone graphene grafted poly(acrylonitrile-co-maleimide) (PES-G-PANCM I) membrane.
Temperature |
| 60–80 °C |
| — |
Duration | 19–29 hours | — |
Duration | 7–17 hours | — |
Duration | 1–1.5 hours | — |
Duration | 15–20 minutes | — |
Temperature | 70–90 °C | — |
Temperature | 125–195 °C | — |
Temperature | 180–220 °C | — |
Temperature | 245–255 °C | — |
Duration | 1.5–4.5 hours | — |
Duration | 0.5–1.5 hours | — |
Duration | ≥ 24 hours | — |
Temperature | 15–255 °C | — |
graphene grafted poly(acrylonitrile-co-maleimide)
polyethersulfone
poly(acrylonitrile-co-maleic anhydride)
N,N-dimethylacetamide
graphene grafted poly(acrylonitrile-co-maleic acid)
polyvinylpyrrolidone
N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone
diethylene glycol
Figure 5(a) is a graph showing the average water contact angle of poly(acrylonitrile-co- maleic anhydride) (PANCMA) and graphene grafted poly(acrylonitrile-co-maleimide) (G- PANCMI).
Figure 6(a) shows the SEM images of the synthesized poly(acrylonitrile-co-male ic anhydride) (PANCMA) membrane and the graphene grafted poly(acrylonitrile-co- maleimide) (G-PANCM I) membrane.
Figure 9(a) shows the SEM images of the synthesized polyethersulfone (PES) membrane and the modified polyethersulfone graphene grafted poly(acrylonitrile-co-maleimide) (PES-G-PANCM I) membrane.
Temperature |
| 60–80 °C |
| — |
Duration | 19–29 hours | — |
Duration | 7–17 hours | — |
Duration | 1–1.5 hours | — |
Duration | 15–20 minutes | — |
Temperature | 70–90 °C | — |
Temperature | 125–195 °C | — |
Temperature | 180–220 °C | — |
Temperature | 245–255 °C | — |
Duration | 1.5–4.5 hours | — |
Duration | 0.5–1.5 hours | — |
Duration | ≥ 24 hours | — |
Temperature | 15–255 °C | — |
graphene grafted poly(acrylonitrile-co-maleimide)
polyethersulfone
poly(acrylonitrile-co-maleic anhydride)
N,N-dimethylacetamide
graphene grafted poly(acrylonitrile-co-maleic acid)
polyvinylpyrrolidone
N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone
diethylene glycol
Figure 5(a) is a graph showing the average water contact angle of poly(acrylonitrile-co- maleic anhydride) (PANCMA) and graphene grafted poly(acrylonitrile-co-maleimide) (G- PANCMI).
Figure 6(a) shows the SEM images of the synthesized poly(acrylonitrile-co-male ic anhydride) (PANCMA) membrane and the graphene grafted poly(acrylonitrile-co- maleimide) (G-PANCM I) membrane.
Figure 9(a) shows the SEM images of the synthesized polyethersulfone (PES) membrane and the modified polyethersulfone graphene grafted poly(acrylonitrile-co-maleimide) (PES-G-PANCM I) membrane.
Temperature |
| 60–80 °C |
| — |
Duration | 19–29 hours | — |
Duration | 7–17 hours | — |
Duration | 1–1.5 hours | — |
Duration | 15–20 minutes | — |
Temperature | 70–90 °C | — |
Temperature | 125–195 °C | — |
Temperature | 180–220 °C | — |
Temperature | 245–255 °C | — |
Duration | 1.5–4.5 hours | — |
Duration | 0.5–1.5 hours | — |
Duration | ≥ 24 hours | — |
Temperature | 15–255 °C | — |
graphene grafted poly(acrylonitrile-co-maleimide)
polyethersulfone
poly(acrylonitrile-co-maleic anhydride)
N,N-dimethylacetamide
graphene grafted poly(acrylonitrile-co-maleic acid)
polyvinylpyrrolidone
N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone
diethylene glycol
Figure 5(a) is a graph showing the average water contact angle of poly(acrylonitrile-co- maleic anhydride) (PANCMA) and graphene grafted poly(acrylonitrile-co-maleimide) (G- PANCMI).
Figure 6(a) shows the SEM images of the synthesized poly(acrylonitrile-co-male ic anhydride) (PANCMA) membrane and the graphene grafted poly(acrylonitrile-co- maleimide) (G-PANCM I) membrane.
Figure 9(a) shows the SEM images of the synthesized polyethersulfone (PES) membrane and the modified polyethersulfone graphene grafted poly(acrylonitrile-co-maleimide) (PES-G-PANCM I) membrane.
Temperature |
| 60–80 °C |
| — |
Duration | 19–29 hours | — |
Duration | 7–17 hours | — |
Duration | 1–1.5 hours | — |
Duration | 15–20 minutes | — |
Temperature | 70–90 °C | — |
Temperature | 125–195 °C | — |
Temperature | 180–220 °C | — |
Temperature | 245–255 °C | — |
Duration | 1.5–4.5 hours | — |
Duration | 0.5–1.5 hours | — |
Duration | ≥ 24 hours | — |
Temperature | 15–255 °C | — |