FIGS. 1(a)-23 and Examples provide further non-limiting illustrations of the invention. [0048] Raman-active Cyanine 3 (Cy₃) containing cyclopentadiene 1 and …

FIGS. 2(a) and 2(b)). Although graphene is heralded as a promising material in various applications, the inability to pattern the surface and alter the band …

FIG. 3 (a) shows the Raman spectrum of 1 on an SiO 2 surface; (b) shows Raman spectrum taken from a map with force accelerated printing of 1 taken at a …

FIG. 4 is a cyclic voltammetry (CV) characterization of the SLG patterned with 2 using a Pt counter electrode and Ag/AgC I reference electrode in 0.1 M HC l O …

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram showing preparation of ink molecules 1 and 2; [0025]

FIGS. 6-8): 1 H NMR (400 MHz, SVG 15243429.08-22-2016.IS₆JBFRZRXEAPX5.SPEC.2.svg 0.16 6.3 Black and white Hz, 1 H), 2.96 (t, J, = J e = 1.2 Hz, I H), 3.84 (s, …

FIG. 7 shows the 13 C N M R spectrum of 1; [0027]

FIG. 8 shows the high resolution mass spectrum of 1; [0028]

FIGS. 9-11): 1H NM R (400 MHz, CDC l 3): 6 1.25-1.37 (m, 12 H), 1.69-1.78 (m, 4 H), 1.90-1.97 (m, 2 H), 2.33- 2.42 (m, 2 H), 2.88-2.89 (m, 1 H), 2.95-2.96(m, 1 …

FIG. 10 shows the 13 C N M R spectrum of 2; [0030]

FIG. 11 shows the high resolution mass spectrum of 2; [0031]

FIG. 12 shows (a) an optical microscopy image of a 8500-pen tip array with tip-to-tip spacing of 80 m; (b) fluorescence microscope (Nikon Eclipse Ti, 4x = …

FIG. 13 shows a Raman mapping image of 1 covalently immobilized on SLG; [0033]

FIG. 14(b) each tip in the pen array produced a 2 x 3 dot pattern over the 1 cm2 area covered by the tip array with a dwell time of 30 s at each spot, and ink …

FIG. 15 shows (a) an optical image of ink 2 and PEG on SLG in the control experiment; and

FIG. 16 shows cyclic voltammograms (0. 1 M HC l O 4 electrolyte solution (a q), Ag/AgC l reference electrode, Pt counter electrode, at 0.2 V/s scan rate) of …

FIG. 17 shows a schematic of the structure of SLG as a dienophile; [0037]

FIG. 18a is a schematic showing the covalent interaction between SLG and methoxide, catalyzed by para-xylene, at 50 ° C; and 18b is a line graph showing the …

FIG. 19(b) shows Cy₃-containing Raman active 1 and ferrocene- containing electrochemically active 2 ink molecules used to confirm force-accelerated patterning;

FIG. 20) are all extremely endothermic (see Table 3). It is believed that there is no possibility for the DA reaction of CP with graphene as diene. [0077] …

FIG. 21, the transition state calculations further demonstrate that the DA reaction path is favored over the Alder ene reaction due to a significantly smaller …

FIG. 22). Their reaction enthalpies and free energies have minor differences. Endo product is slightly preferred by 0.4 kcal/mol in terms of enthalpy, but the …

FIG. 23. [0081] The foregoing description of illustrative embodiments has been presented for purposes of illustration and of description. It is not intended to …

FIGS. 1(a)-23 and Examples provide further non-limiting illustrations of the invention. [0048] Raman-active Cyanine 3 (Cy₃) containing cyclopentadiene 1 and …

FIGS. 2(a) and 2(b)). Although graphene is heralded as a promising material in various applications, the inability to pattern the surface and alter the band …

FIG. 3 (a) shows the Raman spectrum of 1 on an SiO 2 surface; (b) shows Raman spectrum taken from a map with force accelerated printing of 1 taken at a …

FIG. 4 is a cyclic voltammetry (CV) characterization of the SLG patterned with 2 using a Pt counter electrode and Ag/AgC I reference electrode in 0.1 M HC l O …

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram showing preparation of ink molecules 1 and 2; [0025]

FIGS. 6-8): 1 H NMR (400 MHz, SVG 15243429.08-22-2016.IS₆JBFRZRXEAPX5.SPEC.2.svg 0.16 6.3 Black and white Hz, 1 H), 2.96 (t, J, = J e = 1.2 Hz, I H), 3.84 (s, …

FIG. 7 shows the 13 C N M R spectrum of 1; [0027]

FIG. 8 shows the high resolution mass spectrum of 1; [0028]

FIGS. 9-11): 1H NM R (400 MHz, CDC l 3): 6 1.25-1.37 (m, 12 H), 1.69-1.78 (m, 4 H), 1.90-1.97 (m, 2 H), 2.33- 2.42 (m, 2 H), 2.88-2.89 (m, 1 H), 2.95-2.96(m, 1 …

FIG. 10 shows the 13 C N M R spectrum of 2; [0030]

FIG. 11 shows the high resolution mass spectrum of 2; [0031]

FIG. 12 shows (a) an optical microscopy image of a 8500-pen tip array with tip-to-tip spacing of 80 m; (b) fluorescence microscope (Nikon Eclipse Ti, 4x = …

FIG. 13 shows a Raman mapping image of 1 covalently immobilized on SLG; [0033]

FIG. 14(b) each tip in the pen array produced a 2 x 3 dot pattern over the 1 cm2 area covered by the tip array with a dwell time of 30 s at each spot, and ink …

FIG. 15 shows (a) an optical image of ink 2 and PEG on SLG in the control experiment; and

FIG. 16 shows cyclic voltammograms (0. 1 M HC l O 4 electrolyte solution (a q), Ag/AgC l reference electrode, Pt counter electrode, at 0.2 V/s scan rate) of …

FIG. 17 shows a schematic of the structure of SLG as a dienophile; [0037]

FIG. 18a is a schematic showing the covalent interaction between SLG and methoxide, catalyzed by para-xylene, at 50 ° C; and 18b is a line graph showing the …

FIG. 19(b) shows Cy₃-containing Raman active 1 and ferrocene- containing electrochemically active 2 ink molecules used to confirm force-accelerated patterning;

FIG. 20) are all extremely endothermic (see Table 3). It is believed that there is no possibility for the DA reaction of CP with graphene as diene. [0077] …

FIG. 21, the transition state calculations further demonstrate that the DA reaction path is favored over the Alder ene reaction due to a significantly smaller …

FIG. 22). Their reaction enthalpies and free energies have minor differences. Endo product is slightly preferred by 0.4 kcal/mol in terms of enthalpy, but the …

FIG. 23. [0081] The foregoing description of illustrative embodiments has been presented for purposes of illustration and of description. It is not intended to …

FIGS. 1(a)-23 and Examples provide further non-limiting illustrations of the invention. [0048] Raman-active Cyanine 3 (Cy₃) containing cyclopentadiene 1 and …

FIGS. 2(a) and 2(b)). Although graphene is heralded as a promising material in various applications, the inability to pattern the surface and alter the band …

FIG. 3 (a) shows the Raman spectrum of 1 on an SiO 2 surface; (b) shows Raman spectrum taken from a map with force accelerated printing of 1 taken at a …

FIG. 4 is a cyclic voltammetry (CV) characterization of the SLG patterned with 2 using a Pt counter electrode and Ag/AgC I reference electrode in 0.1 M HC l O …

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram showing preparation of ink molecules 1 and 2; [0025]

FIGS. 6-8): 1 H NMR (400 MHz, SVG 15243429.08-22-2016.IS₆JBFRZRXEAPX5.SPEC.2.svg 0.16 6.3 Black and white Hz, 1 H), 2.96 (t, J, = J e = 1.2 Hz, I H), 3.84 (s, …

FIG. 7 shows the 13 C N M R spectrum of 1; [0027]

FIG. 8 shows the high resolution mass spectrum of 1; [0028]

FIGS. 9-11): 1H NM R (400 MHz, CDC l 3): 6 1.25-1.37 (m, 12 H), 1.69-1.78 (m, 4 H), 1.90-1.97 (m, 2 H), 2.33- 2.42 (m, 2 H), 2.88-2.89 (m, 1 H), 2.95-2.96(m, 1 …

FIG. 10 shows the 13 C N M R spectrum of 2; [0030]

FIG. 11 shows the high resolution mass spectrum of 2; [0031]

FIG. 12 shows (a) an optical microscopy image of a 8500-pen tip array with tip-to-tip spacing of 80 m; (b) fluorescence microscope (Nikon Eclipse Ti, 4x = …

FIG. 13 shows a Raman mapping image of 1 covalently immobilized on SLG; [0033]

FIG. 14(b) each tip in the pen array produced a 2 x 3 dot pattern over the 1 cm2 area covered by the tip array with a dwell time of 30 s at each spot, and ink …

FIG. 15 shows (a) an optical image of ink 2 and PEG on SLG in the control experiment; and

FIG. 16 shows cyclic voltammograms (0. 1 M HC l O 4 electrolyte solution (a q), Ag/AgC l reference electrode, Pt counter electrode, at 0.2 V/s scan rate) of …

FIG. 17 shows a schematic of the structure of SLG as a dienophile; [0037]

FIG. 18a is a schematic showing the covalent interaction between SLG and methoxide, catalyzed by para-xylene, at 50 ° C; and 18b is a line graph showing the …

FIG. 19(b) shows Cy₃-containing Raman active 1 and ferrocene- containing electrochemically active 2 ink molecules used to confirm force-accelerated patterning;

FIG. 20) are all extremely endothermic (see Table 3). It is believed that there is no possibility for the DA reaction of CP with graphene as diene. [0077] …

FIG. 21, the transition state calculations further demonstrate that the DA reaction path is favored over the Alder ene reaction due to a significantly smaller …

FIG. 22). Their reaction enthalpies and free energies have minor differences. Endo product is slightly preferred by 0.4 kcal/mol in terms of enthalpy, but the …

FIG. 23. [0081] The foregoing description of illustrative embodiments has been presented for purposes of illustration and of description. It is not intended to …

FIGS. 1(a)-23 and Examples provide further non-limiting illustrations of the invention. [0048] Raman-active Cyanine 3 (Cy₃) containing cyclopentadiene 1 and …

FIGS. 2(a) and 2(b)). Although graphene is heralded as a promising material in various applications, the inability to pattern the surface and alter the band …

FIG. 3 (a) shows the Raman spectrum of 1 on an SiO 2 surface; (b) shows Raman spectrum taken from a map with force accelerated printing of 1 taken at a …

FIG. 4 is a cyclic voltammetry (CV) characterization of the SLG patterned with 2 using a Pt counter electrode and Ag/AgC I reference electrode in 0.1 M HC l O …

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram showing preparation of ink molecules 1 and 2; [0025]

FIGS. 6-8): 1 H NMR (400 MHz, SVG 15243429.08-22-2016.IS₆JBFRZRXEAPX5.SPEC.2.svg 0.16 6.3 Black and white Hz, 1 H), 2.96 (t, J, = J e = 1.2 Hz, I H), 3.84 (s, …

FIG. 7 shows the 13 C N M R spectrum of 1; [0027]

FIG. 8 shows the high resolution mass spectrum of 1; [0028]

FIGS. 9-11): 1H NM R (400 MHz, CDC l 3): 6 1.25-1.37 (m, 12 H), 1.69-1.78 (m, 4 H), 1.90-1.97 (m, 2 H), 2.33- 2.42 (m, 2 H), 2.88-2.89 (m, 1 H), 2.95-2.96(m, 1 …

FIG. 10 shows the 13 C N M R spectrum of 2; [0030]

FIG. 11 shows the high resolution mass spectrum of 2; [0031]

FIG. 12 shows (a) an optical microscopy image of a 8500-pen tip array with tip-to-tip spacing of 80 m; (b) fluorescence microscope (Nikon Eclipse Ti, 4x = …

FIG. 13 shows a Raman mapping image of 1 covalently immobilized on SLG; [0033]

FIG. 14(b) each tip in the pen array produced a 2 x 3 dot pattern over the 1 cm2 area covered by the tip array with a dwell time of 30 s at each spot, and ink …

FIG. 15 shows (a) an optical image of ink 2 and PEG on SLG in the control experiment; and

FIG. 16 shows cyclic voltammograms (0. 1 M HC l O 4 electrolyte solution (a q), Ag/AgC l reference electrode, Pt counter electrode, at 0.2 V/s scan rate) of …

FIG. 17 shows a schematic of the structure of SLG as a dienophile; [0037]

FIG. 18a is a schematic showing the covalent interaction between SLG and methoxide, catalyzed by para-xylene, at 50 ° C; and 18b is a line graph showing the …

FIG. 19(b) shows Cy₃-containing Raman active 1 and ferrocene- containing electrochemically active 2 ink molecules used to confirm force-accelerated patterning;

FIG. 20) are all extremely endothermic (see Table 3). It is believed that there is no possibility for the DA reaction of CP with graphene as diene. [0077] …

FIG. 21, the transition state calculations further demonstrate that the DA reaction path is favored over the Alder ene reaction due to a significantly smaller …

FIG. 22). Their reaction enthalpies and free energies have minor differences. Endo product is slightly preferred by 0.4 kcal/mol in terms of enthalpy, but the …

FIG. 23. [0081] The foregoing description of illustrative embodiments has been presented for purposes of illustration and of description. It is not intended to …