Anisotropic Thermal Conductivity of 3D Printed Graphene Enhanced Thermoplastic Polyurethanes Structure toward Photothermal Conversion

Zihao Kang; Min Xi; Nian Li; Shudong Zhang; Zhenyang Wang

doi:10.1016/j.carbon.2025.120023

Paper details

Research paper

Experimental GrowthExperimental CharacterizationComputational MD

Anisotropic Thermal Conductivity of 3D Printed Graphene Enhanced Thermoplastic Polyurethanes Structure toward Photothermal Conversion

Zihao Kang, Min Xi, Nian Li, Shudong Zhang et al.

2025·10.1016/j.carbon.2025.120023·arXiv:2410.06470

Samples

Each sample groups how it was prepared, characterized, and measured. Click a card to expand.

Neat TPU filament used as the reference filament for FDM printing.

2 characterizations1 figure

ExperimentalTPUStudied Material

30 wt% graphene-enhanced TPU filament prepared for FDM printing.

3 preparations4 characterizations4 properties1 figure

Experimentalgraphene/TPUStudied MaterialCStudied MaterialTPUStudied Material

3D printed G-TPU/N-TPU double-layer structure with a top G-TPU layer and bottom N-TPU layer.

1 preparation7 properties

Experimentalgraphene/TPU + TPUStudied Materialgraphene/TPUStudied MaterialTPUStudied Material

Colored black TPU reference sample used for photothermal comparison.

1 property

ExperimentalC-TPUStudied Material

Pristine graphene flakes used as the filler and spectral reference.

1 characterization1 figure

CStudied Material

Materials

thermoplastic polyurethane

TPU

Studied Material

Also known as

N-TPUneat TPUG-TPU matrix

studied material

Why these are connected

Related documents with shared materials, methods, properties, or citations.

Anisotropic Thermal Conductivity of 3D Printed Graphene Enhanced Thermoplastic Polyurethanes Structure toward Photothermal Conversion | Matter42 Literature

Properties

Type	Label	Value	Material	Sample	Condition	Source
Sample Diameter	filament diameter	1.75mm	graphene/TPU	30 wt% graphene-enhanced TPU filament prepared for FDM print		—
Xrd Phase Identity	phase/pattern identity	graphene diffraction peaks (002), (101), and (004) retained after filament fabrication	C graphene/TPU	30 wt% graphene-enhanced TPU filament prepared for FDM print		—
Raman Intensity Ratio	I(D)/I(G)	0.19	C graphene/TPU	30 wt% graphene-enhanced TPU filament prepared for FDM print		—
Raman Intensity Ratio	I(2D)/I(G)	0.3	C graphene/TPU	30 wt% graphene-enhanced TPU filament prepared for FDM print		—
Thermal Conductivity	in-plane thermal conductivity	4.54W/(m·K)	graphene/TPU	3D printed G-TPU/N-TPU double-layer structure with a top G-T		—
Thermal Conductivity Ratio	TCIP/TCTP	8	graphene/TPU + TPU	3D printed G-TPU/N-TPU double-layer structure with a top G-T		—
Temperature Difference	equilibrium temperature increase relative to G-TPU single-layer structure	10°C	graphene/TPU + TPU	3D printed G-TPU/N-TPU double-layer structure with a top G-T		—
Temperature Difference	photothermal heating advantage over C-TPU	4°C	graphene/TPU + TPU	3D printed G-TPU/N-TPU double-layer structure with a top G-T Colored black TPU reference sample used for photothermal com		—
Puncture Energy	impact resistance	12.86J	graphene/TPU + TPU	3D printed G-TPU/N-TPU double-layer structure with a top G-T	—	—
Friction Coefficient	coefficient of friction	0.1	graphene/TPU + TPU	3D printed G-TPU/N-TPU double-layer structure with a top G-T		—
Mechanical Modulus	elastic modulus and shear modulus	enhanced	graphene/TPU + TPU	3D printed G-TPU/N-TPU double-layer structure with a top G-T		—

Properties

Type	Label	Value	Material	Sample	Condition	Source
Sample Diameter	filament diameter	1.75mm	graphene/TPU	30 wt% graphene-enhanced TPU filament prepared for FDM print		—
Xrd Phase Identity	phase/pattern identity	graphene diffraction peaks (002), (101), and (004) retained after filament fabrication	C graphene/TPU	30 wt% graphene-enhanced TPU filament prepared for FDM print		—
Raman Intensity Ratio	I(D)/I(G)	0.19	C graphene/TPU	30 wt% graphene-enhanced TPU filament prepared for FDM print		—
Raman Intensity Ratio	I(2D)/I(G)	0.3	C graphene/TPU	30 wt% graphene-enhanced TPU filament prepared for FDM print		—
Thermal Conductivity	in-plane thermal conductivity	4.54W/(m·K)	graphene/TPU	3D printed G-TPU/N-TPU double-layer structure with a top G-T		—
Thermal Conductivity Ratio	TCIP/TCTP	8	graphene/TPU + TPU	3D printed G-TPU/N-TPU double-layer structure with a top G-T		—
Temperature Difference	equilibrium temperature increase relative to G-TPU single-layer structure	10°C	graphene/TPU + TPU	3D printed G-TPU/N-TPU double-layer structure with a top G-T		—
Temperature Difference	photothermal heating advantage over C-TPU	4°C	graphene/TPU + TPU	3D printed G-TPU/N-TPU double-layer structure with a top G-T Colored black TPU reference sample used for photothermal com		—
Puncture Energy	impact resistance	12.86J	graphene/TPU + TPU	3D printed G-TPU/N-TPU double-layer structure with a top G-T	—	—
Friction Coefficient	coefficient of friction	0.1	graphene/TPU + TPU	3D printed G-TPU/N-TPU double-layer structure with a top G-T		—
Mechanical Modulus	elastic modulus and shear modulus	enhanced	graphene/TPU + TPU	3D printed G-TPU/N-TPU double-layer structure with a top G-T		—

Properties

Type	Label	Value	Material	Sample	Condition	Source
Sample Diameter	filament diameter	1.75mm	graphene/TPU	30 wt% graphene-enhanced TPU filament prepared for FDM print		—
Xrd Phase Identity	phase/pattern identity	graphene diffraction peaks (002), (101), and (004) retained after filament fabrication	C graphene/TPU	30 wt% graphene-enhanced TPU filament prepared for FDM print		—
Raman Intensity Ratio	I(D)/I(G)	0.19	C graphene/TPU	30 wt% graphene-enhanced TPU filament prepared for FDM print		—
Raman Intensity Ratio	I(2D)/I(G)	0.3	C graphene/TPU	30 wt% graphene-enhanced TPU filament prepared for FDM print		—
Thermal Conductivity	in-plane thermal conductivity	4.54W/(m·K)	graphene/TPU	3D printed G-TPU/N-TPU double-layer structure with a top G-T		—
Thermal Conductivity Ratio	TCIP/TCTP	8	graphene/TPU + TPU	3D printed G-TPU/N-TPU double-layer structure with a top G-T		—
Temperature Difference	equilibrium temperature increase relative to G-TPU single-layer structure	10°C	graphene/TPU + TPU	3D printed G-TPU/N-TPU double-layer structure with a top G-T		—
Temperature Difference	photothermal heating advantage over C-TPU	4°C	graphene/TPU + TPU	3D printed G-TPU/N-TPU double-layer structure with a top G-T Colored black TPU reference sample used for photothermal com		—
Puncture Energy	impact resistance	12.86J	graphene/TPU + TPU	3D printed G-TPU/N-TPU double-layer structure with a top G-T	—	—
Friction Coefficient	coefficient of friction	0.1	graphene/TPU + TPU	3D printed G-TPU/N-TPU double-layer structure with a top G-T		—
Mechanical Modulus	elastic modulus and shear modulus	enhanced	graphene/TPU + TPU	3D printed G-TPU/N-TPU double-layer structure with a top G-T		—

Properties

Type	Label	Value	Material	Sample	Condition	Source
Sample Diameter	filament diameter	1.75mm	graphene/TPU	30 wt% graphene-enhanced TPU filament prepared for FDM print		—
Xrd Phase Identity	phase/pattern identity	graphene diffraction peaks (002), (101), and (004) retained after filament fabrication	C graphene/TPU	30 wt% graphene-enhanced TPU filament prepared for FDM print		—
Raman Intensity Ratio	I(D)/I(G)	0.19	C graphene/TPU	30 wt% graphene-enhanced TPU filament prepared for FDM print		—
Raman Intensity Ratio	I(2D)/I(G)	0.3	C graphene/TPU	30 wt% graphene-enhanced TPU filament prepared for FDM print		—
Thermal Conductivity	in-plane thermal conductivity	4.54W/(m·K)	graphene/TPU	3D printed G-TPU/N-TPU double-layer structure with a top G-T		—
Thermal Conductivity Ratio	TCIP/TCTP	8	graphene/TPU + TPU	3D printed G-TPU/N-TPU double-layer structure with a top G-T		—
Temperature Difference	equilibrium temperature increase relative to G-TPU single-layer structure	10°C	graphene/TPU + TPU	3D printed G-TPU/N-TPU double-layer structure with a top G-T		—
Temperature Difference	photothermal heating advantage over C-TPU	4°C	graphene/TPU + TPU	3D printed G-TPU/N-TPU double-layer structure with a top G-T Colored black TPU reference sample used for photothermal com		—
Puncture Energy	impact resistance	12.86J	graphene/TPU + TPU	3D printed G-TPU/N-TPU double-layer structure with a top G-T	—	—
Friction Coefficient	coefficient of friction	0.1	graphene/TPU + TPU	3D printed G-TPU/N-TPU double-layer structure with a top G-T		—
Mechanical Modulus	elastic modulus and shear modulus	enhanced	graphene/TPU + TPU	3D printed G-TPU/N-TPU double-layer structure with a top G-T		—

Anisotropic Thermal Conductivity of 3D Printed Graphene Enhanced Thermoplastic Polyurethanes Structure toward Photothermal Conversion

Samples

Neat TPU filament used as the reference filament for FDM printing.

30 wt% graphene-enhanced TPU filament prepared for FDM printing.

3D printed G-TPU/N-TPU double-layer structure with a top G-TPU layer and bottom N-TPU layer.

Colored black TPU reference sample used for photothermal comparison.

Pristine graphene flakes used as the filler and spectral reference.

Materials

Why these are connected

Anisotropic Thermal Conductivity of 3D Printed Graphene Enhanced Thermoplastic Polyurethanes Structure toward Photothermal Conversion

Samples

Neat TPU filament used as the reference filament for FDM printing.

30 wt% graphene-enhanced TPU filament prepared for FDM printing.

3D printed G-TPU/N-TPU double-layer structure with a top G-TPU layer and bottom N-TPU layer.

Colored black TPU reference sample used for photothermal comparison.

Pristine graphene flakes used as the filler and spectral reference.

Materials

Why these are connected

Anisotropic Thermal Conductivity of 3D Printed Graphene Enhanced Thermoplastic Polyurethanes Structure toward Photothermal Conversion

Samples

Neat TPU filament used as the reference filament for FDM printing.

30 wt% graphene-enhanced TPU filament prepared for FDM printing.

3D printed G-TPU/N-TPU double-layer structure with a top G-TPU layer and bottom N-TPU layer.

Colored black TPU reference sample used for photothermal comparison.

Pristine graphene flakes used as the filler and spectral reference.

Materials

Why these are connected

Anisotropic Thermal Conductivity of 3D Printed Graphene Enhanced Thermoplastic Polyurethanes Structure toward Photothermal Conversion

Samples

Neat TPU filament used as the reference filament for FDM printing.

30 wt% graphene-enhanced TPU filament prepared for FDM printing.

3D printed G-TPU/N-TPU double-layer structure with a top G-TPU layer and bottom N-TPU layer.

Colored black TPU reference sample used for photothermal comparison.

Pristine graphene flakes used as the filler and spectral reference.

Materials

Why these are connected

Anisotropic Thermal Conductivity of 3D Printed Graphene Enhanced Thermoplastic Polyurethanes Structure toward Photothermal Conversion

Samples

Neat TPU filament used as the reference filament for FDM printing.

30 wt% graphene-enhanced TPU filament prepared for FDM printing.

3D printed G-TPU/N-TPU double-layer structure with a top G-TPU layer and bottom N-TPU layer.

Colored black TPU reference sample used for photothermal comparison.

Pristine graphene flakes used as the filler and spectral reference.

Materials

Why these are connected

Anisotropic Thermal Conductivity of 3D Printed Graphene Enhanced Thermoplastic Polyurethanes Structure toward Photothermal Conversion

Samples

Neat TPU filament used as the reference filament for FDM printing.

30 wt% graphene-enhanced TPU filament prepared for FDM printing.

3D printed G-TPU/N-TPU double-layer structure with a top G-TPU layer and bottom N-TPU layer.

Colored black TPU reference sample used for photothermal comparison.

Pristine graphene flakes used as the filler and spectral reference.

Materials

Why these are connected

Anisotropic Thermal Conductivity of 3D Printed Graphene Enhanced Thermoplastic Polyurethanes Structure toward Photothermal Conversion

Samples

Neat TPU filament used as the reference filament for FDM printing.

30 wt% graphene-enhanced TPU filament prepared for FDM printing.

3D printed G-TPU/N-TPU double-layer structure with a top G-TPU layer and bottom N-TPU layer.

Colored black TPU reference sample used for photothermal comparison.

Pristine graphene flakes used as the filler and spectral reference.

Materials

Why these are connected

Anisotropic Thermal Conductivity of 3D Printed Graphene Enhanced Thermoplastic Polyurethanes Structure toward Photothermal Conversion

Samples

Neat TPU filament used as the reference filament for FDM printing.

30 wt% graphene-enhanced TPU filament prepared for FDM printing.

3D printed G-TPU/N-TPU double-layer structure with a top G-TPU layer and bottom N-TPU layer.

Colored black TPU reference sample used for photothermal comparison.

Pristine graphene flakes used as the filler and spectral reference.

Materials

Why these are connected

Processing

Characterization

Properties

Simulations

Processing

Characterization

Properties

Simulations