Patent
US 10,233,098NANOPOROUS GRAPHENE MEMBRANE FOR DESALINATION OF SALT WATER
Shannon Mark MAHURIN
US
Copyright © 2026 Matter42. All rights reserved.
Patent
Atlas literature
Patent
US 10,233,098Patent drawings and their descriptions. Click a drawing to enlarge it.
FIG. 1B, confirmed that the g raphene layer suspended over the hole w as intact with no visible ruptures or tears. This approach was sufficiently effective with …
FIGS. 2A-2F. In FI G. 2A: Schematic showing assembly of an apparatus that contains a porous graphene membrane in a configuration where salt w ater can be …
FIG. 3A. Based on the medium angle annular dark field 14 (MA ADF) STEM images, the pore sizes are in the range of 0.5 nm to 1 n m, which was found to be an …
Claims define the patent's legal scope. Independent claims stand alone; dependent claims (nested) narrow them. Click a claim to expand its dependents.
A method for the desalination of w ater, the method comprising fl o wing salt water through a free-standing single-layer membrane of nanoporous graphen e h aving a first planar side that makes c ontact with the salt water and an opposing second planar side from which desalinated water exits, w herein said membrane contains nanopores h aving a size of up to 1 nm, along with a substantial absence of pores above l nm in size, wherein said nanopores up to 1 nm in size have por e edges passivat e d with silicon, wherein salt ions in said salt water are blocked from passing through said membrane while water in said salt w ater passes through said membrane to result in desalinated w ater exiting said membrane.
The method of claim 1, wherein said nanopores have a size of less than 1 nm, along with a substantial absence of pores of 1 nm or greater in size.
The method of claim 1, wherein said membrane is supported on a substrate h aving a window therein that said membrane spans and is free-standing over, and said salt water flo w s only through the free-standing portion of the membrane having a shape delineated by the window in said substrate.
The method of claim 1, wherein said salt water contains at l ea st 10 g/L concentration of salt species.
The method of claim 1, wherein said salt ions comprise at l ea st one of sodium and potassium io ns.
The method of claim 1, wherein said salt water is seawater.
The method of claim 1, wherein said method produces desalinated w ater with at least 95% of said salt ions removed.
The method of claim 1, wherein said method produces desalinated w ater with at l east 99% of said salt ions removed.
The method of claim 1, wherein said membrane is disposed on an opening of a container that contains said salt water, said container is inverted to contact said salt water with said first planar side of said membrane facing toward the interior of the container, and said salt water flows through said membrane by the action of gravity to result in desalinated water emanating from said second planar side of the membrane.
The method of claim 1, wherein said process is a continuous process in which salt water is continuously fed into a container having said membrane disposed on an opening at the bottom of the container, and said salt water is gravity fed through said membrane to result in desalinated water exiting the membrane.
The method of claim 1, wherein said method is a p ervaporation method in which desalinated water exiting from said second planar side of the membrane is vaporized when the desalinated water is in contact with the second planar side of the membrane, and condensing the vaporized w ater to produce desalinated water.
The method of cla im 1, wherein said graphene is monoc r ystalline.
Layer stacks claimed or described, ordered top of device to substrate.
nanoporous graphene desalination membrane
Materials described outside the worked examples.
nanoporous graphene
silicon (pore edge passivation)
Si
Additional fabrication and treatment steps described in the patent.
Measurements and analyses referenced in the patent, with their drawing references.
FIG. 1B, confirmed that the g raphene layer suspended over the hole w as intact with no visible ruptures or tears. This approach was sufficiently effective with …
Performance values and ranges asserted in the specification or claims.
| Property | Value | Material |
|---|---|---|
Nanopore Size | ≤ 1 nm | nanoporous graphene |
Salt Rejection | 90–100 % |
Related documents with shared materials, methods, properties, or citations.
FORCE, PRESSURE, OR STIFFNESS MEASUREMENT OR CALIBRATION USING GRAPHENE OR OTHER SHEET MEMBRANE
METHOD FOR CHEMICAL MODIFICATION OF A GRAPHENE EDGE, GRAPHENE WITH A CHEMICALLY MODIFIED EDGE AND DEVICES INCLUDING THE GRAPHENE
Patent
Atlas literature
Patent
US 10,233,098Patent drawings and their descriptions. Click a drawing to enlarge it.
FIG. 1B, confirmed that the g raphene layer suspended over the hole w as intact with no visible ruptures or tears. This approach was sufficiently effective with …
FIGS. 2A-2F. In FI G. 2A: Schematic showing assembly of an apparatus that contains a porous graphene membrane in a configuration where salt w ater can be …
FIG. 3A. Based on the medium angle annular dark field 14 (MA ADF) STEM images, the pore sizes are in the range of 0.5 nm to 1 n m, which was found to be an …
Claims define the patent's legal scope. Independent claims stand alone; dependent claims (nested) narrow them. Click a claim to expand its dependents.
A method for the desalination of w ater, the method comprising fl o wing salt water through a free-standing single-layer membrane of nanoporous graphen e h aving a first planar side that makes c ontact with the salt water and an opposing second planar side from which desalinated water exits, w herein said membrane contains nanopores h aving a size of up to 1 nm, along with a substantial absence of pores above l nm in size, wherein said nanopores up to 1 nm in size have por e edges passivat e d with silicon, wherein salt ions in said salt water are blocked from passing through said membrane while water in said salt w ater passes through said membrane to result in desalinated w ater exiting said membrane.
The method of claim 1, wherein said nanopores have a size of less than 1 nm, along with a substantial absence of pores of 1 nm or greater in size.
The method of claim 1, wherein said membrane is supported on a substrate h aving a window therein that said membrane spans and is free-standing over, and said salt water flo w s only through the free-standing portion of the membrane having a shape delineated by the window in said substrate.
The method of claim 1, wherein said salt water contains at l ea st 10 g/L concentration of salt species.
The method of claim 1, wherein said salt ions comprise at l ea st one of sodium and potassium io ns.
The method of claim 1, wherein said salt water is seawater.
The method of claim 1, wherein said method produces desalinated w ater with at least 95% of said salt ions removed.
The method of claim 1, wherein said method produces desalinated w ater with at l east 99% of said salt ions removed.
The method of claim 1, wherein said membrane is disposed on an opening of a container that contains said salt water, said container is inverted to contact said salt water with said first planar side of said membrane facing toward the interior of the container, and said salt water flows through said membrane by the action of gravity to result in desalinated water emanating from said second planar side of the membrane.
The method of claim 1, wherein said process is a continuous process in which salt water is continuously fed into a container having said membrane disposed on an opening at the bottom of the container, and said salt water is gravity fed through said membrane to result in desalinated water exiting the membrane.
The method of claim 1, wherein said method is a p ervaporation method in which desalinated water exiting from said second planar side of the membrane is vaporized when the desalinated water is in contact with the second planar side of the membrane, and condensing the vaporized w ater to produce desalinated water.
The method of cla im 1, wherein said graphene is monoc r ystalline.
Layer stacks claimed or described, ordered top of device to substrate.
nanoporous graphene desalination membrane
Materials described outside the worked examples.
nanoporous graphene
silicon (pore edge passivation)
Si
Additional fabrication and treatment steps described in the patent.
Measurements and analyses referenced in the patent, with their drawing references.
FIG. 1B, confirmed that the g raphene layer suspended over the hole w as intact with no visible ruptures or tears. This approach was sufficiently effective with …
Performance values and ranges asserted in the specification or claims.
| Property | Value | Material |
|---|---|---|
Nanopore Size | ≤ 1 nm | nanoporous graphene |
Salt Rejection | 90–100 % |
Related documents with shared materials, methods, properties, or citations.
FORCE, PRESSURE, OR STIFFNESS MEASUREMENT OR CALIBRATION USING GRAPHENE OR OTHER SHEET MEMBRANE
METHOD FOR CHEMICAL MODIFICATION OF A GRAPHENE EDGE, GRAPHENE WITH A CHEMICALLY MODIFIED EDGE AND DEVICES INCLUDING THE GRAPHENE
Patent
Atlas literature
Patent
US 10,233,098Patent drawings and their descriptions. Click a drawing to enlarge it.
FIG. 1B, confirmed that the g raphene layer suspended over the hole w as intact with no visible ruptures or tears. This approach was sufficiently effective with …
FIGS. 2A-2F. In FI G. 2A: Schematic showing assembly of an apparatus that contains a porous graphene membrane in a configuration where salt w ater can be …
FIG. 3A. Based on the medium angle annular dark field 14 (MA ADF) STEM images, the pore sizes are in the range of 0.5 nm to 1 n m, which was found to be an …
Claims define the patent's legal scope. Independent claims stand alone; dependent claims (nested) narrow them. Click a claim to expand its dependents.
A method for the desalination of w ater, the method comprising fl o wing salt water through a free-standing single-layer membrane of nanoporous graphen e h aving a first planar side that makes c ontact with the salt water and an opposing second planar side from which desalinated water exits, w herein said membrane contains nanopores h aving a size of up to 1 nm, along with a substantial absence of pores above l nm in size, wherein said nanopores up to 1 nm in size have por e edges passivat e d with silicon, wherein salt ions in said salt water are blocked from passing through said membrane while water in said salt w ater passes through said membrane to result in desalinated w ater exiting said membrane.
The method of claim 1, wherein said nanopores have a size of less than 1 nm, along with a substantial absence of pores of 1 nm or greater in size.
The method of claim 1, wherein said membrane is supported on a substrate h aving a window therein that said membrane spans and is free-standing over, and said salt water flo w s only through the free-standing portion of the membrane having a shape delineated by the window in said substrate.
The method of claim 1, wherein said salt water contains at l ea st 10 g/L concentration of salt species.
The method of claim 1, wherein said salt ions comprise at l ea st one of sodium and potassium io ns.
The method of claim 1, wherein said salt water is seawater.
The method of claim 1, wherein said method produces desalinated w ater with at least 95% of said salt ions removed.
The method of claim 1, wherein said method produces desalinated w ater with at l east 99% of said salt ions removed.
The method of claim 1, wherein said membrane is disposed on an opening of a container that contains said salt water, said container is inverted to contact said salt water with said first planar side of said membrane facing toward the interior of the container, and said salt water flows through said membrane by the action of gravity to result in desalinated water emanating from said second planar side of the membrane.
The method of claim 1, wherein said process is a continuous process in which salt water is continuously fed into a container having said membrane disposed on an opening at the bottom of the container, and said salt water is gravity fed through said membrane to result in desalinated water exiting the membrane.
The method of claim 1, wherein said method is a p ervaporation method in which desalinated water exiting from said second planar side of the membrane is vaporized when the desalinated water is in contact with the second planar side of the membrane, and condensing the vaporized w ater to produce desalinated water.
The method of cla im 1, wherein said graphene is monoc r ystalline.
Layer stacks claimed or described, ordered top of device to substrate.
nanoporous graphene desalination membrane
Materials described outside the worked examples.
nanoporous graphene
silicon (pore edge passivation)
Si
Additional fabrication and treatment steps described in the patent.
Measurements and analyses referenced in the patent, with their drawing references.
FIG. 1B, confirmed that the g raphene layer suspended over the hole w as intact with no visible ruptures or tears. This approach was sufficiently effective with …
Performance values and ranges asserted in the specification or claims.
| Property | Value | Material |
|---|---|---|
Nanopore Size | ≤ 1 nm | nanoporous graphene |
Salt Rejection | 90–100 % |
Related documents with shared materials, methods, properties, or citations.
FORCE, PRESSURE, OR STIFFNESS MEASUREMENT OR CALIBRATION USING GRAPHENE OR OTHER SHEET MEMBRANE
METHOD FOR CHEMICAL MODIFICATION OF A GRAPHENE EDGE, GRAPHENE WITH A CHEMICALLY MODIFIED EDGE AND DEVICES INCLUDING THE GRAPHENE
Patent
Atlas literature
Patent
US 10,233,098Patent drawings and their descriptions. Click a drawing to enlarge it.
FIG. 1B, confirmed that the g raphene layer suspended over the hole w as intact with no visible ruptures or tears. This approach was sufficiently effective with …
FIGS. 2A-2F. In FI G. 2A: Schematic showing assembly of an apparatus that contains a porous graphene membrane in a configuration where salt w ater can be …
FIG. 3A. Based on the medium angle annular dark field 14 (MA ADF) STEM images, the pore sizes are in the range of 0.5 nm to 1 n m, which was found to be an …
Claims define the patent's legal scope. Independent claims stand alone; dependent claims (nested) narrow them. Click a claim to expand its dependents.
A method for the desalination of w ater, the method comprising fl o wing salt water through a free-standing single-layer membrane of nanoporous graphen e h aving a first planar side that makes c ontact with the salt water and an opposing second planar side from which desalinated water exits, w herein said membrane contains nanopores h aving a size of up to 1 nm, along with a substantial absence of pores above l nm in size, wherein said nanopores up to 1 nm in size have por e edges passivat e d with silicon, wherein salt ions in said salt water are blocked from passing through said membrane while water in said salt w ater passes through said membrane to result in desalinated w ater exiting said membrane.
The method of claim 1, wherein said nanopores have a size of less than 1 nm, along with a substantial absence of pores of 1 nm or greater in size.
The method of claim 1, wherein said membrane is supported on a substrate h aving a window therein that said membrane spans and is free-standing over, and said salt water flo w s only through the free-standing portion of the membrane having a shape delineated by the window in said substrate.
The method of claim 1, wherein said salt water contains at l ea st 10 g/L concentration of salt species.
The method of claim 1, wherein said salt ions comprise at l ea st one of sodium and potassium io ns.
The method of claim 1, wherein said salt water is seawater.
The method of claim 1, wherein said method produces desalinated w ater with at least 95% of said salt ions removed.
The method of claim 1, wherein said method produces desalinated w ater with at l east 99% of said salt ions removed.
The method of claim 1, wherein said membrane is disposed on an opening of a container that contains said salt water, said container is inverted to contact said salt water with said first planar side of said membrane facing toward the interior of the container, and said salt water flows through said membrane by the action of gravity to result in desalinated water emanating from said second planar side of the membrane.
The method of claim 1, wherein said process is a continuous process in which salt water is continuously fed into a container having said membrane disposed on an opening at the bottom of the container, and said salt water is gravity fed through said membrane to result in desalinated water exiting the membrane.
The method of claim 1, wherein said method is a p ervaporation method in which desalinated water exiting from said second planar side of the membrane is vaporized when the desalinated water is in contact with the second planar side of the membrane, and condensing the vaporized w ater to produce desalinated water.
The method of cla im 1, wherein said graphene is monoc r ystalline.
Layer stacks claimed or described, ordered top of device to substrate.
nanoporous graphene desalination membrane
Materials described outside the worked examples.
nanoporous graphene
silicon (pore edge passivation)
Si
Additional fabrication and treatment steps described in the patent.
Measurements and analyses referenced in the patent, with their drawing references.
FIG. 1B, confirmed that the g raphene layer suspended over the hole w as intact with no visible ruptures or tears. This approach was sufficiently effective with …
Performance values and ranges asserted in the specification or claims.
| Property | Value | Material |
|---|---|---|
Nanopore Size | ≤ 1 nm | nanoporous graphene |
Salt Rejection | 90–100 % |
Related documents with shared materials, methods, properties, or citations.
FORCE, PRESSURE, OR STIFFNESS MEASUREMENT OR CALIBRATION USING GRAPHENE OR OTHER SHEET MEMBRANE
METHOD FOR CHEMICAL MODIFICATION OF A GRAPHENE EDGE, GRAPHENE WITH A CHEMICALLY MODIFIED EDGE AND DEVICES INCLUDING THE GRAPHENE
single-layer graphene (CVD on copper foil)
SiN membrane
FIGS. 2A-2F. In FI G. 2A: Schematic showing assembly of an apparatus that contains a porous graphene membrane in a configuration where salt w ater can be …
FIGS. 2A-2F. In FI G. 2A: Schematic showing assembly of an apparatus that contains a porous graphene membrane in a configuration where salt w ater can be …
FIG. 3A. Based on the medium angle annular dark field 14 (MA ADF) STEM images, the pore sizes are in the range of 0.5 nm to 1 n m, which was found to be an …
FIG. 3A. Based on the medium angle annular dark field 14 (MA ADF) STEM images, the pore sizes are in the range of 0.5 nm to 1 n m, which was found to be an …
Water Flux | — | nanoporous graphene |
Thickness | 0.5–1 nm | — |
Thickness | 0.5–0.9 nm | — |
Thickness | 0.5–0.8 nm | — |
Thickness | 0.1–0.9 nm | — |
single-layer graphene (CVD on copper foil)
SiN membrane
FIGS. 2A-2F. In FI G. 2A: Schematic showing assembly of an apparatus that contains a porous graphene membrane in a configuration where salt w ater can be …
FIGS. 2A-2F. In FI G. 2A: Schematic showing assembly of an apparatus that contains a porous graphene membrane in a configuration where salt w ater can be …
FIG. 3A. Based on the medium angle annular dark field 14 (MA ADF) STEM images, the pore sizes are in the range of 0.5 nm to 1 n m, which was found to be an …
FIG. 3A. Based on the medium angle annular dark field 14 (MA ADF) STEM images, the pore sizes are in the range of 0.5 nm to 1 n m, which was found to be an …
Water Flux | — | nanoporous graphene |
Thickness | 0.5–1 nm | — |
Thickness | 0.5–0.9 nm | — |
Thickness | 0.5–0.8 nm | — |
Thickness | 0.1–0.9 nm | — |
single-layer graphene (CVD on copper foil)
SiN membrane
FIGS. 2A-2F. In FI G. 2A: Schematic showing assembly of an apparatus that contains a porous graphene membrane in a configuration where salt w ater can be …
FIGS. 2A-2F. In FI G. 2A: Schematic showing assembly of an apparatus that contains a porous graphene membrane in a configuration where salt w ater can be …
FIG. 3A. Based on the medium angle annular dark field 14 (MA ADF) STEM images, the pore sizes are in the range of 0.5 nm to 1 n m, which was found to be an …
FIG. 3A. Based on the medium angle annular dark field 14 (MA ADF) STEM images, the pore sizes are in the range of 0.5 nm to 1 n m, which was found to be an …
Water Flux | — | nanoporous graphene |
Thickness | 0.5–1 nm | — |
Thickness | 0.5–0.9 nm | — |
Thickness | 0.5–0.8 nm | — |
Thickness | 0.1–0.9 nm | — |
single-layer graphene (CVD on copper foil)
SiN membrane
FIGS. 2A-2F. In FI G. 2A: Schematic showing assembly of an apparatus that contains a porous graphene membrane in a configuration where salt w ater can be …
FIGS. 2A-2F. In FI G. 2A: Schematic showing assembly of an apparatus that contains a porous graphene membrane in a configuration where salt w ater can be …
FIG. 3A. Based on the medium angle annular dark field 14 (MA ADF) STEM images, the pore sizes are in the range of 0.5 nm to 1 n m, which was found to be an …
FIG. 3A. Based on the medium angle annular dark field 14 (MA ADF) STEM images, the pore sizes are in the range of 0.5 nm to 1 n m, which was found to be an …
Water Flux | — | nanoporous graphene |
Thickness | 0.5–1 nm | — |
Thickness | 0.5–0.9 nm | — |
Thickness | 0.5–0.8 nm | — |
Thickness | 0.1–0.9 nm | — |