Patent
US 10,762,925Magnetic Graphene
Woo K. Lee
The Government of the United States of America·US
Copyright © 2026 Matter42. All rights reserved.
Patent
Atlas literature
Patent
US 10,762,925Patent drawings and their descriptions. Click a drawing to enlarge it.
Figure 1 illustrates a schematic of Birch reduction and illustrates electron beam dehydrogenation of pHG.
Figure 2 illustrates MFM characterization of patterned pHG surface by electron beam dehydrogenation patterning.
Figure 3 illustrates magnetic gradient patterned with different e-beam doses.
Claims define the patent's legal scope. Independent claims stand alone; dependent claims (nested) narrow them. Click a claim to expand its dependents.
A patterned magnetic graphene made from the steps of: transferring or growing a graphene film on a substrate; functionalizing the graphene film; hydrogenating the graphene film and forming fully hydrogenated graphene; manipulating the extent of the hydrogen content by using an electron beam from a scanning electron microscope to selectively remove hydrogen, wherein the step of selectively removing hydrogen occurs under a vacuum; and forming areas of magnetic graphene and non-magnetic graphene. Original
The patterned magnetic graphene of claim 1, wherein the step of forming areas of magnetic graphene and non-magnetic graphene comprise the steps of forming an area of fully hydrogenated graphene, forming an area of partially hydrogenated graphene, and forming an area of graphene. Original
The patterned magnetic graphene of claim 1 wherein the step of manipulating Applicant: The Government of the United States of America Inventors: Lee et al. the extent of the hydrogen content comprises using heat or pressure. Original
The patterned magnetic graphene of claim 1 wherein the step of hydrogenating the graphene film comprises reacting the graphene film with anhydrous liquid ammonia and lithium. Original
A uniform ferromagnetic graphene film comprising film that has a thickness of less than two atom layers thick wherein the graphene film is patterned by locally controlling the extent of hydrogenation and wherein the pattern is achieved by an electron beam. Currently amended
The uniform ferromagnetic graphene film of claim 7 wherein the strength of the ferromagnetism is controlled by the extent of the coverage of the hydrogen. Original
Canceled
Embodiments described in the patent, grouped by the materials and process steps they use.
6 materials2 process steps
CVD-grown single layer graphene transferred onto SiOx/Si was hydrogenated by reaction with anhydrous liquid ammonia and lithium wire in a N₂-flushed vessel. Reaction time was varied: 5–30 seconds for partially hydrogenated graphene (pHG) and 2 minutes for fully hydrogenated graphene. The reaction was quenched with an alcoholic proton donor and washed. Hydrogen was then selectively removed using an electron beam from a scanning electron microscope (SEM) under mild vacuum (~1.0×10⁻⁶ Torr). Sheet resistance of pHG was controlled at an average of ~150 Ω/sq.
2 materials
Magnetic properties of pHG and e-beam dehydrogenated areas were characterized by magnetic force microscopy (MFM). The e-beam dehydrogenated features showed phase shifts opposite to pHG background, indicating that pHG is ferromagnetic at room temperature and e-beam dehydrogenation quenches ferromagnetism. Electron doses from 0.25 to 2.0 C/cm² were used; elimination of magnetism plateaued at ~1.5 C/cm².
Layer stacks claimed or described, ordered top of device to substrate.
patterned magnetic graphene
uniform ferromagnetic graphene film
Materials described outside the worked examples.
substrate
Measurements and analyses referenced in the patent, with their drawing references.
MFM was used to characterize magnetic properties of pHG and e-beam dehydrogenated regions. Cantilever raised 40 nm above surface for magnetic pass. Phase shifts observed: e-beam dehydrogenated features show negative (darker) phase with -B orientation and positive (brighter) phase with +B orientation; opposite to pHG background, indicating pHG is ferromagnetic and e-beam dehydrogenated regions are non-magnetic.
Performance values and ranges asserted in the specification or claims.
| Property | Value | Material |
|---|---|---|
Fet Sheet Resistance | 150 | partially hydrogenated graphene (pHG) |
Related documents with shared materials, methods, properties, or citations.
Patent
Atlas literature
Patent
US 10,762,925Patent drawings and their descriptions. Click a drawing to enlarge it.
Figure 1 illustrates a schematic of Birch reduction and illustrates electron beam dehydrogenation of pHG.
Figure 2 illustrates MFM characterization of patterned pHG surface by electron beam dehydrogenation patterning.
Figure 3 illustrates magnetic gradient patterned with different e-beam doses.
Claims define the patent's legal scope. Independent claims stand alone; dependent claims (nested) narrow them. Click a claim to expand its dependents.
A patterned magnetic graphene made from the steps of: transferring or growing a graphene film on a substrate; functionalizing the graphene film; hydrogenating the graphene film and forming fully hydrogenated graphene; manipulating the extent of the hydrogen content by using an electron beam from a scanning electron microscope to selectively remove hydrogen, wherein the step of selectively removing hydrogen occurs under a vacuum; and forming areas of magnetic graphene and non-magnetic graphene. Original
The patterned magnetic graphene of claim 1, wherein the step of forming areas of magnetic graphene and non-magnetic graphene comprise the steps of forming an area of fully hydrogenated graphene, forming an area of partially hydrogenated graphene, and forming an area of graphene. Original
The patterned magnetic graphene of claim 1 wherein the step of manipulating Applicant: The Government of the United States of America Inventors: Lee et al. the extent of the hydrogen content comprises using heat or pressure. Original
The patterned magnetic graphene of claim 1 wherein the step of hydrogenating the graphene film comprises reacting the graphene film with anhydrous liquid ammonia and lithium. Original
A uniform ferromagnetic graphene film comprising film that has a thickness of less than two atom layers thick wherein the graphene film is patterned by locally controlling the extent of hydrogenation and wherein the pattern is achieved by an electron beam. Currently amended
The uniform ferromagnetic graphene film of claim 7 wherein the strength of the ferromagnetism is controlled by the extent of the coverage of the hydrogen. Original
Canceled
Embodiments described in the patent, grouped by the materials and process steps they use.
6 materials2 process steps
CVD-grown single layer graphene transferred onto SiOx/Si was hydrogenated by reaction with anhydrous liquid ammonia and lithium wire in a N₂-flushed vessel. Reaction time was varied: 5–30 seconds for partially hydrogenated graphene (pHG) and 2 minutes for fully hydrogenated graphene. The reaction was quenched with an alcoholic proton donor and washed. Hydrogen was then selectively removed using an electron beam from a scanning electron microscope (SEM) under mild vacuum (~1.0×10⁻⁶ Torr). Sheet resistance of pHG was controlled at an average of ~150 Ω/sq.
2 materials
Magnetic properties of pHG and e-beam dehydrogenated areas were characterized by magnetic force microscopy (MFM). The e-beam dehydrogenated features showed phase shifts opposite to pHG background, indicating that pHG is ferromagnetic at room temperature and e-beam dehydrogenation quenches ferromagnetism. Electron doses from 0.25 to 2.0 C/cm² were used; elimination of magnetism plateaued at ~1.5 C/cm².
Layer stacks claimed or described, ordered top of device to substrate.
patterned magnetic graphene
uniform ferromagnetic graphene film
Materials described outside the worked examples.
substrate
Measurements and analyses referenced in the patent, with their drawing references.
MFM was used to characterize magnetic properties of pHG and e-beam dehydrogenated regions. Cantilever raised 40 nm above surface for magnetic pass. Phase shifts observed: e-beam dehydrogenated features show negative (darker) phase with -B orientation and positive (brighter) phase with +B orientation; opposite to pHG background, indicating pHG is ferromagnetic and e-beam dehydrogenated regions are non-magnetic.
Performance values and ranges asserted in the specification or claims.
| Property | Value | Material |
|---|---|---|
Fet Sheet Resistance | 150 | partially hydrogenated graphene (pHG) |
Related documents with shared materials, methods, properties, or citations.
Patent
Atlas literature
Patent
US 10,762,925Patent drawings and their descriptions. Click a drawing to enlarge it.
Figure 1 illustrates a schematic of Birch reduction and illustrates electron beam dehydrogenation of pHG.
Figure 2 illustrates MFM characterization of patterned pHG surface by electron beam dehydrogenation patterning.
Figure 3 illustrates magnetic gradient patterned with different e-beam doses.
Claims define the patent's legal scope. Independent claims stand alone; dependent claims (nested) narrow them. Click a claim to expand its dependents.
A patterned magnetic graphene made from the steps of: transferring or growing a graphene film on a substrate; functionalizing the graphene film; hydrogenating the graphene film and forming fully hydrogenated graphene; manipulating the extent of the hydrogen content by using an electron beam from a scanning electron microscope to selectively remove hydrogen, wherein the step of selectively removing hydrogen occurs under a vacuum; and forming areas of magnetic graphene and non-magnetic graphene. Original
The patterned magnetic graphene of claim 1, wherein the step of forming areas of magnetic graphene and non-magnetic graphene comprise the steps of forming an area of fully hydrogenated graphene, forming an area of partially hydrogenated graphene, and forming an area of graphene. Original
The patterned magnetic graphene of claim 1 wherein the step of manipulating Applicant: The Government of the United States of America Inventors: Lee et al. the extent of the hydrogen content comprises using heat or pressure. Original
The patterned magnetic graphene of claim 1 wherein the step of hydrogenating the graphene film comprises reacting the graphene film with anhydrous liquid ammonia and lithium. Original
A uniform ferromagnetic graphene film comprising film that has a thickness of less than two atom layers thick wherein the graphene film is patterned by locally controlling the extent of hydrogenation and wherein the pattern is achieved by an electron beam. Currently amended
The uniform ferromagnetic graphene film of claim 7 wherein the strength of the ferromagnetism is controlled by the extent of the coverage of the hydrogen. Original
Canceled
Embodiments described in the patent, grouped by the materials and process steps they use.
6 materials2 process steps
CVD-grown single layer graphene transferred onto SiOx/Si was hydrogenated by reaction with anhydrous liquid ammonia and lithium wire in a N₂-flushed vessel. Reaction time was varied: 5–30 seconds for partially hydrogenated graphene (pHG) and 2 minutes for fully hydrogenated graphene. The reaction was quenched with an alcoholic proton donor and washed. Hydrogen was then selectively removed using an electron beam from a scanning electron microscope (SEM) under mild vacuum (~1.0×10⁻⁶ Torr). Sheet resistance of pHG was controlled at an average of ~150 Ω/sq.
2 materials
Magnetic properties of pHG and e-beam dehydrogenated areas were characterized by magnetic force microscopy (MFM). The e-beam dehydrogenated features showed phase shifts opposite to pHG background, indicating that pHG is ferromagnetic at room temperature and e-beam dehydrogenation quenches ferromagnetism. Electron doses from 0.25 to 2.0 C/cm² were used; elimination of magnetism plateaued at ~1.5 C/cm².
Layer stacks claimed or described, ordered top of device to substrate.
patterned magnetic graphene
uniform ferromagnetic graphene film
Materials described outside the worked examples.
substrate
Measurements and analyses referenced in the patent, with their drawing references.
MFM was used to characterize magnetic properties of pHG and e-beam dehydrogenated regions. Cantilever raised 40 nm above surface for magnetic pass. Phase shifts observed: e-beam dehydrogenated features show negative (darker) phase with -B orientation and positive (brighter) phase with +B orientation; opposite to pHG background, indicating pHG is ferromagnetic and e-beam dehydrogenated regions are non-magnetic.
Performance values and ranges asserted in the specification or claims.
| Property | Value | Material |
|---|---|---|
Fet Sheet Resistance | 150 | partially hydrogenated graphene (pHG) |
Related documents with shared materials, methods, properties, or citations.
Patent
Atlas literature
Patent
US 10,762,925Patent drawings and their descriptions. Click a drawing to enlarge it.
Figure 1 illustrates a schematic of Birch reduction and illustrates electron beam dehydrogenation of pHG.
Figure 2 illustrates MFM characterization of patterned pHG surface by electron beam dehydrogenation patterning.
Figure 3 illustrates magnetic gradient patterned with different e-beam doses.
Claims define the patent's legal scope. Independent claims stand alone; dependent claims (nested) narrow them. Click a claim to expand its dependents.
A patterned magnetic graphene made from the steps of: transferring or growing a graphene film on a substrate; functionalizing the graphene film; hydrogenating the graphene film and forming fully hydrogenated graphene; manipulating the extent of the hydrogen content by using an electron beam from a scanning electron microscope to selectively remove hydrogen, wherein the step of selectively removing hydrogen occurs under a vacuum; and forming areas of magnetic graphene and non-magnetic graphene. Original
The patterned magnetic graphene of claim 1, wherein the step of forming areas of magnetic graphene and non-magnetic graphene comprise the steps of forming an area of fully hydrogenated graphene, forming an area of partially hydrogenated graphene, and forming an area of graphene. Original
The patterned magnetic graphene of claim 1 wherein the step of manipulating Applicant: The Government of the United States of America Inventors: Lee et al. the extent of the hydrogen content comprises using heat or pressure. Original
The patterned magnetic graphene of claim 1 wherein the step of hydrogenating the graphene film comprises reacting the graphene film with anhydrous liquid ammonia and lithium. Original
A uniform ferromagnetic graphene film comprising film that has a thickness of less than two atom layers thick wherein the graphene film is patterned by locally controlling the extent of hydrogenation and wherein the pattern is achieved by an electron beam. Currently amended
The uniform ferromagnetic graphene film of claim 7 wherein the strength of the ferromagnetism is controlled by the extent of the coverage of the hydrogen. Original
Canceled
Embodiments described in the patent, grouped by the materials and process steps they use.
6 materials2 process steps
CVD-grown single layer graphene transferred onto SiOx/Si was hydrogenated by reaction with anhydrous liquid ammonia and lithium wire in a N₂-flushed vessel. Reaction time was varied: 5–30 seconds for partially hydrogenated graphene (pHG) and 2 minutes for fully hydrogenated graphene. The reaction was quenched with an alcoholic proton donor and washed. Hydrogen was then selectively removed using an electron beam from a scanning electron microscope (SEM) under mild vacuum (~1.0×10⁻⁶ Torr). Sheet resistance of pHG was controlled at an average of ~150 Ω/sq.
2 materials
Magnetic properties of pHG and e-beam dehydrogenated areas were characterized by magnetic force microscopy (MFM). The e-beam dehydrogenated features showed phase shifts opposite to pHG background, indicating that pHG is ferromagnetic at room temperature and e-beam dehydrogenation quenches ferromagnetism. Electron doses from 0.25 to 2.0 C/cm² were used; elimination of magnetism plateaued at ~1.5 C/cm².
Layer stacks claimed or described, ordered top of device to substrate.
patterned magnetic graphene
uniform ferromagnetic graphene film
Materials described outside the worked examples.
substrate
Measurements and analyses referenced in the patent, with their drawing references.
MFM was used to characterize magnetic properties of pHG and e-beam dehydrogenated regions. Cantilever raised 40 nm above surface for magnetic pass. Phase shifts observed: e-beam dehydrogenated features show negative (darker) phase with -B orientation and positive (brighter) phase with +B orientation; opposite to pHG background, indicating pHG is ferromagnetic and e-beam dehydrogenated regions are non-magnetic.
Performance values and ranges asserted in the specification or claims.
| Property | Value | Material |
|---|---|---|
Fet Sheet Resistance | 150 | partially hydrogenated graphene (pHG) |
Related documents with shared materials, methods, properties, or citations.
Magnetic Film Thickness |
| — |
partially hydrogenated graphene (pHG) |
Duration | 5–30 seconds | — |
Duration | 2–5 minutes | — |
Magnetic Film Thickness |
| — |
partially hydrogenated graphene (pHG) |
Duration | 5–30 seconds | — |
Duration | 2–5 minutes | — |
Magnetic Film Thickness |
| — |
partially hydrogenated graphene (pHG) |
Duration | 5–30 seconds | — |
Duration | 2–5 minutes | — |
Magnetic Film Thickness |
| — |
partially hydrogenated graphene (pHG) |
Duration | 5–30 seconds | — |
Duration | 2–5 minutes | — |