FIG. 1 illustrates a diagram of carbon atoms in a hexagonal lattice forming an atomically contiguous sheet of graphene;

FIG. 2 illustrates a side view of a doped optic fiber for an optic fiber amplifier having graphene cladding;

FIG. 3 illustrates an end view of a doped optic fiber for an optic fiber amplifier having graphene cladding;

FIG. 4 illustrates an index of refraction profile for a doped optic fiber for an optic fiber amplifier having graphene cladding;

FIG. 5 illustrates a process schematic of fabricating a doped optic fiber for an optic fiber amplifier having an inner core, outer core and encapsulated by a …

FIG. 6 illustrates a flow chart depicting a process of fabricating a doped optic fiber for an optic fiber amplifier having a core and cladding formed by graphene;

FIG. 7 illustrates an optic fiber communications system containing optic fiber amplifiers;

FIG. 8 illustrates an optical amplifier with a doped optical fiber in which the optical signal and optical pump are co-propagating;

FIG. 9 illustrates an optical amplifier with a doped optical fiber in which the optical signal and optical pump are counter-propagating;

FIG. 10 illustrates a Raman optical fiber amplifier formed of a optic fiber encapsulated by graphene;

FIG. 11 illustrates Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) images of an optic fiber that is not coated with graphene adjacent to an optic fiber that is coated with …

FIG. 12 illustrates an (a) Optical Microscope (OPM) image of a graphene covered silica fiber adjacent to a pure silica fiber not coated with graphene along with …

FIG. 13 illustrates SEM images of an end of optic fiber core completely coated with graphene;

FIG. 14 illustrates SEM images of an end of an optic fiber core partially coated with graphene adjacent to an end of an optic fiber core that is not coated with …

FIG. 15 illustrates a Raman spectra of a graphene coated optic fiber and an optic fiber not coated with graphene for comparison; and

FIG. 16 illustrates the wavelength dependence of the index of refraction n for graphene.

FIG. 1 illustrates a diagram of carbon atoms in a hexagonal lattice forming an atomically contiguous sheet of graphene;

FIG. 2 illustrates a side view of a doped optic fiber for an optic fiber amplifier having graphene cladding;

FIG. 3 illustrates an end view of a doped optic fiber for an optic fiber amplifier having graphene cladding;

FIG. 4 illustrates an index of refraction profile for a doped optic fiber for an optic fiber amplifier having graphene cladding;

FIG. 5 illustrates a process schematic of fabricating a doped optic fiber for an optic fiber amplifier having an inner core, outer core and encapsulated by a …

FIG. 6 illustrates a flow chart depicting a process of fabricating a doped optic fiber for an optic fiber amplifier having a core and cladding formed by graphene;

FIG. 7 illustrates an optic fiber communications system containing optic fiber amplifiers;

FIG. 8 illustrates an optical amplifier with a doped optical fiber in which the optical signal and optical pump are co-propagating;

FIG. 9 illustrates an optical amplifier with a doped optical fiber in which the optical signal and optical pump are counter-propagating;

FIG. 10 illustrates a Raman optical fiber amplifier formed of a optic fiber encapsulated by graphene;

FIG. 11 illustrates Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) images of an optic fiber that is not coated with graphene adjacent to an optic fiber that is coated with …

FIG. 12 illustrates an (a) Optical Microscope (OPM) image of a graphene covered silica fiber adjacent to a pure silica fiber not coated with graphene along with …

FIG. 13 illustrates SEM images of an end of optic fiber core completely coated with graphene;

FIG. 14 illustrates SEM images of an end of an optic fiber core partially coated with graphene adjacent to an end of an optic fiber core that is not coated with …

FIG. 15 illustrates a Raman spectra of a graphene coated optic fiber and an optic fiber not coated with graphene for comparison; and

FIG. 16 illustrates the wavelength dependence of the index of refraction n for graphene.

FIG. 1 illustrates a diagram of carbon atoms in a hexagonal lattice forming an atomically contiguous sheet of graphene;

FIG. 2 illustrates a side view of a doped optic fiber for an optic fiber amplifier having graphene cladding;

FIG. 3 illustrates an end view of a doped optic fiber for an optic fiber amplifier having graphene cladding;

FIG. 4 illustrates an index of refraction profile for a doped optic fiber for an optic fiber amplifier having graphene cladding;

FIG. 5 illustrates a process schematic of fabricating a doped optic fiber for an optic fiber amplifier having an inner core, outer core and encapsulated by a …

FIG. 6 illustrates a flow chart depicting a process of fabricating a doped optic fiber for an optic fiber amplifier having a core and cladding formed by graphene;

FIG. 7 illustrates an optic fiber communications system containing optic fiber amplifiers;

FIG. 8 illustrates an optical amplifier with a doped optical fiber in which the optical signal and optical pump are co-propagating;

FIG. 9 illustrates an optical amplifier with a doped optical fiber in which the optical signal and optical pump are counter-propagating;

FIG. 10 illustrates a Raman optical fiber amplifier formed of a optic fiber encapsulated by graphene;

FIG. 11 illustrates Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) images of an optic fiber that is not coated with graphene adjacent to an optic fiber that is coated with …

FIG. 12 illustrates an (a) Optical Microscope (OPM) image of a graphene covered silica fiber adjacent to a pure silica fiber not coated with graphene along with …

FIG. 13 illustrates SEM images of an end of optic fiber core completely coated with graphene;

FIG. 14 illustrates SEM images of an end of an optic fiber core partially coated with graphene adjacent to an end of an optic fiber core that is not coated with …

FIG. 15 illustrates a Raman spectra of a graphene coated optic fiber and an optic fiber not coated with graphene for comparison; and

FIG. 16 illustrates the wavelength dependence of the index of refraction n for graphene.

FIG. 1 illustrates a diagram of carbon atoms in a hexagonal lattice forming an atomically contiguous sheet of graphene;

FIG. 2 illustrates a side view of a doped optic fiber for an optic fiber amplifier having graphene cladding;

FIG. 3 illustrates an end view of a doped optic fiber for an optic fiber amplifier having graphene cladding;

FIG. 4 illustrates an index of refraction profile for a doped optic fiber for an optic fiber amplifier having graphene cladding;

FIG. 5 illustrates a process schematic of fabricating a doped optic fiber for an optic fiber amplifier having an inner core, outer core and encapsulated by a …

FIG. 6 illustrates a flow chart depicting a process of fabricating a doped optic fiber for an optic fiber amplifier having a core and cladding formed by graphene;

FIG. 7 illustrates an optic fiber communications system containing optic fiber amplifiers;

FIG. 8 illustrates an optical amplifier with a doped optical fiber in which the optical signal and optical pump are co-propagating;

FIG. 9 illustrates an optical amplifier with a doped optical fiber in which the optical signal and optical pump are counter-propagating;

FIG. 10 illustrates a Raman optical fiber amplifier formed of a optic fiber encapsulated by graphene;

FIG. 11 illustrates Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) images of an optic fiber that is not coated with graphene adjacent to an optic fiber that is coated with …

FIG. 12 illustrates an (a) Optical Microscope (OPM) image of a graphene covered silica fiber adjacent to a pure silica fiber not coated with graphene along with …

FIG. 13 illustrates SEM images of an end of optic fiber core completely coated with graphene;

FIG. 14 illustrates SEM images of an end of an optic fiber core partially coated with graphene adjacent to an end of an optic fiber core that is not coated with …

FIG. 15 illustrates a Raman spectra of a graphene coated optic fiber and an optic fiber not coated with graphene for comparison; and

FIG. 16 illustrates the wavelength dependence of the index of refraction n for graphene.