Patent
US 11,135,546GRAPHENE BASED FILTER
Rohit N. Karnik
US
Copyright © 2026 Matter42. All rights reserved.
Patent
Atlas literature
Patent
US 11,135,546Patent drawings and their descriptions. Click a drawing to enlarge it.
Claims define the patent's legal scope. Independent claims stand alone; dependent claims (nested) narrow them. Click a claim to expand its dependents.
A filtration membrane comprising: a porous substrate; at least one active layer comprising a sheet of atomically thin material, wherein the at least one active layer is disposed on the porous substrate, and wherein the at least one active layer comprises a plurality of defects; and a first plurality of pores passing from one side of the at least one active layer to an opposing side of the at least one active layer, wherein the porous substrate laterally isolates flow through the at least one active layer, and wherein a pore size of the porous substrate is less than a mean distance between defects of the at least one active layer. Previously presented
The filtration membrane of claim 1, wherein the at least one active layer comprises at least one of graphene, graphene oxide, hexagonal boron nitride, molybdenum sulfide, and vanadium pentoxide. Previously presented
The filtration membrane of claim 1 wherein the first plurality of pores are sized to provide selectivity relative to a desired liquid or gas. Previously presented
The filtration membrane of claim 1 wherein the porous substrate comprises at least one of a polymer, a ceramic, and a metal. Original
The filtration membrane of claim 1, wherein the porous substrate comprises a second filtration membrane. Previously presented
The filtration membrane of claim 1, wherein the at least one active layer is functionalized. Previously presented
The filtration membrane of claim 1, wherein an H 2 permeability of the at least one active layer is greater than approximately 10-6 mol/m 2 -s-Pa. Previously presented
The filtration membrane of claim 1, wherein the first plurality of pores of the at least one active layer are functionalized. Previously presented
The filtration membrane of claim 1, further comprising a protective coating applied to the at least one active layer. Previously presented
The filtration membrane of claim 1, wherein the porous substrate laterally isolates flow through a defect formed in the at least one active layer from flow through the first plurality of pores formed in the at least one active layer. Previously presented
The filtration membrane of claim 1, wherein the at least one active layer is a stack of a plurality of separate active layers, and wherein the first plurality of pores pass from one side of the stack to an opposing side of the stack such that the first plurality of pores formed in the different active layers are aligned. Currently amended
The filtration membrane of claim 1, wherein the first plurality of pores are angstrom-scale or nanometer-scale pores. Previously presented
The filtration membrane of claim 1, wherein the first plurality of pores have diameters between 1 nm and 15 nm. Previously presented
The filtration membrane of claim 1, wherein a flow resistance of the porous substrate is less than approximately ten times a flow resistance of the at least one active layer. Previously presented
The filtration membrane of claim 1, wherein the porous substrate comprises a second plurality of isolated pores that are fluidly coupled to the first plurality of pores. Previously presented
The filtration membrane of claim 1, wherein the porous substrate comprises a second plurality of pores, wherein the second plurality of pores are cylindrical, conical, or bullet shaped. Previously presented
The filtration membrane of claim 1, wherein a pore size of the first plurality of pores is less than a size of the defects. Previously presented
The filtration membrane of claim 1, wherein the porous substrate laterally isolates flow through the at least one active layer by reducing flow in a direction substantially perpendicular to a direction of flow across the porous support. Previously presented
The filtration membrane of claim 57, wherein the flow resistance of the porous substrate is greater than approximately 0.0001 times the flow resistance of the at least one active layer. Previously presented
The filtration membrane of claim 57, wherein the flow resistance of the porous substrate is greater than approximately 0.05 times the flow resistance of the at least one active layer. Previously presented
The filtration membrane of claim 57, wherein the flow resistance of the porous substrate is less than approximately one times the flow resistance of the at least one active layer. Previously presented
A filtration membrane comprising: a porous substrate; a first active layer comprising a sheet of atomically thin material, wherein the first active layer comprises a first plurality of defects, and wherein the first active layer is disposed on the porous substrate; a second active layer comprising a sheet of atomically thin material, wherein the second active layer comprises a second plurality of defects, and wherein the second active layer is disposed on the first active layer; and a plurality of selective pores formed in the first and second active layers, wherein the plurality of selective pores pass from one side of the first and second active layers to an opposing side of the first and second active layers such that selective pores formed in the first and second active layers are aligned, wherein a majority of the first plurality of defects and the second plurality of defects are misaligned, and wherein a majority of the plurality of selective pores formed in the first and second active layers are aligned. Previously presented
The filtration membrane of claim 12, wherein the first active layer and the second active layer comprise at least one of graphene, graphene oxide, hexagonal boron nitride, molybdenum sulfide, and vanadium pentoxide. Previously presented
The filtration membrane of claim 12, wherein the second active layer covers the first plurality of defects present in the first active layer. Previously presented
The filtration membrane of claim 12, wherein the plurality of selective pores are sized to provide selectivity relative to a desired liquid or gas. Previously presented
The filtration membrane of claim 12, wherein the porous substrate comprises at least one of a polymer, a ceramic, and a metal. Original
The filtration membrane of claim 12, wherein the porous substrate comprises a second filtration membrane. Previously presented
The filtration membrane of claim 12, wherein the first and/or second active layer is functionalized. Previously presented
The filtration membrane of claim 12, wherein an H 2 permeability of the first and second active layers is greater than approximately 10-6 mol/m 2 -s-Pa. Currently amended
The filtration membrane of claim 12, further comprising a protective coating applied to at least one of the first and second active layer. Previously presented
The filtration membrane of claim 12, wherein the porous substrate laterally isolates flow through the first active layer and the second active layer. Previously presented
The filtration membrane of claim 12, wherein the porous substrate laterally isolates flow through a defect formed in at least one of the first active layer and the second active layer from flow through the aligned pores formed in the first active layer and the second active layer. Previously presented
The filtration membrane of claim 12, wherein the plurality of selective pores are angstrom-scale or nanometer-scale pores. Previously presented
The filtration membrane of claim 12, wherein the plurality of selective pores have diameters between 1 nm and 15 nm. Previously presented
The filtration membrane of claim 12, wherein a flow resistance of the porous substrate is less than approximately ten times a combined flow resistance of the first and second active layers. Previously presented
The filtration membrane of claim 12, wherein substantially all of the plurality of selective pores formed in the first and second active layers are aligned. Previously presented
21-33. Canceled
Canceled
35-36. Canceled
Canceled
Canceled
49-51. Canceled
Canceled
61-63. Canceled
Canceled
Layer stacks claimed or described, ordered top of device to substrate.
filtration membrane with single active layer
filtration membrane with dual active layers
Materials described outside the worked examples.
graphene
graphene oxide
Additional fabrication and treatment steps described in the patent.
Measurements and analyses referenced in the patent, with their drawing references.
durability of the membrane may be desirable, and therefore an optional protective coating 10 may be applied to the graphene to ensure that the membrane will function effectively after repeated handling and/or use. The porous graphene layer may sterically hinder
Performance values and ranges asserted in the specification or claims.
| Property | Value | Material |
|---|---|---|
H2 Permeability | >1e-6 mol/m2-s-Pa | graphenegraphene oxide |
Thickness |
Related documents with shared materials, methods, properties, or citations.
Patent
Atlas literature
Patent
US 11,135,546Patent drawings and their descriptions. Click a drawing to enlarge it.
Claims define the patent's legal scope. Independent claims stand alone; dependent claims (nested) narrow them. Click a claim to expand its dependents.
A filtration membrane comprising: a porous substrate; at least one active layer comprising a sheet of atomically thin material, wherein the at least one active layer is disposed on the porous substrate, and wherein the at least one active layer comprises a plurality of defects; and a first plurality of pores passing from one side of the at least one active layer to an opposing side of the at least one active layer, wherein the porous substrate laterally isolates flow through the at least one active layer, and wherein a pore size of the porous substrate is less than a mean distance between defects of the at least one active layer. Previously presented
The filtration membrane of claim 1, wherein the at least one active layer comprises at least one of graphene, graphene oxide, hexagonal boron nitride, molybdenum sulfide, and vanadium pentoxide. Previously presented
The filtration membrane of claim 1 wherein the first plurality of pores are sized to provide selectivity relative to a desired liquid or gas. Previously presented
The filtration membrane of claim 1 wherein the porous substrate comprises at least one of a polymer, a ceramic, and a metal. Original
The filtration membrane of claim 1, wherein the porous substrate comprises a second filtration membrane. Previously presented
The filtration membrane of claim 1, wherein the at least one active layer is functionalized. Previously presented
The filtration membrane of claim 1, wherein an H 2 permeability of the at least one active layer is greater than approximately 10-6 mol/m 2 -s-Pa. Previously presented
The filtration membrane of claim 1, wherein the first plurality of pores of the at least one active layer are functionalized. Previously presented
The filtration membrane of claim 1, further comprising a protective coating applied to the at least one active layer. Previously presented
The filtration membrane of claim 1, wherein the porous substrate laterally isolates flow through a defect formed in the at least one active layer from flow through the first plurality of pores formed in the at least one active layer. Previously presented
The filtration membrane of claim 1, wherein the at least one active layer is a stack of a plurality of separate active layers, and wherein the first plurality of pores pass from one side of the stack to an opposing side of the stack such that the first plurality of pores formed in the different active layers are aligned. Currently amended
The filtration membrane of claim 1, wherein the first plurality of pores are angstrom-scale or nanometer-scale pores. Previously presented
The filtration membrane of claim 1, wherein the first plurality of pores have diameters between 1 nm and 15 nm. Previously presented
The filtration membrane of claim 1, wherein a flow resistance of the porous substrate is less than approximately ten times a flow resistance of the at least one active layer. Previously presented
The filtration membrane of claim 1, wherein the porous substrate comprises a second plurality of isolated pores that are fluidly coupled to the first plurality of pores. Previously presented
The filtration membrane of claim 1, wherein the porous substrate comprises a second plurality of pores, wherein the second plurality of pores are cylindrical, conical, or bullet shaped. Previously presented
The filtration membrane of claim 1, wherein a pore size of the first plurality of pores is less than a size of the defects. Previously presented
The filtration membrane of claim 1, wherein the porous substrate laterally isolates flow through the at least one active layer by reducing flow in a direction substantially perpendicular to a direction of flow across the porous support. Previously presented
The filtration membrane of claim 57, wherein the flow resistance of the porous substrate is greater than approximately 0.0001 times the flow resistance of the at least one active layer. Previously presented
The filtration membrane of claim 57, wherein the flow resistance of the porous substrate is greater than approximately 0.05 times the flow resistance of the at least one active layer. Previously presented
The filtration membrane of claim 57, wherein the flow resistance of the porous substrate is less than approximately one times the flow resistance of the at least one active layer. Previously presented
A filtration membrane comprising: a porous substrate; a first active layer comprising a sheet of atomically thin material, wherein the first active layer comprises a first plurality of defects, and wherein the first active layer is disposed on the porous substrate; a second active layer comprising a sheet of atomically thin material, wherein the second active layer comprises a second plurality of defects, and wherein the second active layer is disposed on the first active layer; and a plurality of selective pores formed in the first and second active layers, wherein the plurality of selective pores pass from one side of the first and second active layers to an opposing side of the first and second active layers such that selective pores formed in the first and second active layers are aligned, wherein a majority of the first plurality of defects and the second plurality of defects are misaligned, and wherein a majority of the plurality of selective pores formed in the first and second active layers are aligned. Previously presented
The filtration membrane of claim 12, wherein the first active layer and the second active layer comprise at least one of graphene, graphene oxide, hexagonal boron nitride, molybdenum sulfide, and vanadium pentoxide. Previously presented
The filtration membrane of claim 12, wherein the second active layer covers the first plurality of defects present in the first active layer. Previously presented
The filtration membrane of claim 12, wherein the plurality of selective pores are sized to provide selectivity relative to a desired liquid or gas. Previously presented
The filtration membrane of claim 12, wherein the porous substrate comprises at least one of a polymer, a ceramic, and a metal. Original
The filtration membrane of claim 12, wherein the porous substrate comprises a second filtration membrane. Previously presented
The filtration membrane of claim 12, wherein the first and/or second active layer is functionalized. Previously presented
The filtration membrane of claim 12, wherein an H 2 permeability of the first and second active layers is greater than approximately 10-6 mol/m 2 -s-Pa. Currently amended
The filtration membrane of claim 12, further comprising a protective coating applied to at least one of the first and second active layer. Previously presented
The filtration membrane of claim 12, wherein the porous substrate laterally isolates flow through the first active layer and the second active layer. Previously presented
The filtration membrane of claim 12, wherein the porous substrate laterally isolates flow through a defect formed in at least one of the first active layer and the second active layer from flow through the aligned pores formed in the first active layer and the second active layer. Previously presented
The filtration membrane of claim 12, wherein the plurality of selective pores are angstrom-scale or nanometer-scale pores. Previously presented
The filtration membrane of claim 12, wherein the plurality of selective pores have diameters between 1 nm and 15 nm. Previously presented
The filtration membrane of claim 12, wherein a flow resistance of the porous substrate is less than approximately ten times a combined flow resistance of the first and second active layers. Previously presented
The filtration membrane of claim 12, wherein substantially all of the plurality of selective pores formed in the first and second active layers are aligned. Previously presented
21-33. Canceled
Canceled
35-36. Canceled
Canceled
Canceled
49-51. Canceled
Canceled
61-63. Canceled
Canceled
Layer stacks claimed or described, ordered top of device to substrate.
filtration membrane with single active layer
filtration membrane with dual active layers
Materials described outside the worked examples.
graphene
graphene oxide
Additional fabrication and treatment steps described in the patent.
Measurements and analyses referenced in the patent, with their drawing references.
durability of the membrane may be desirable, and therefore an optional protective coating 10 may be applied to the graphene to ensure that the membrane will function effectively after repeated handling and/or use. The porous graphene layer may sterically hinder
Performance values and ranges asserted in the specification or claims.
| Property | Value | Material |
|---|---|---|
H2 Permeability | >1e-6 mol/m2-s-Pa | graphenegraphene oxide |
Thickness |
Related documents with shared materials, methods, properties, or citations.
Patent
Atlas literature
Patent
US 11,135,546Patent drawings and their descriptions. Click a drawing to enlarge it.
Claims define the patent's legal scope. Independent claims stand alone; dependent claims (nested) narrow them. Click a claim to expand its dependents.
A filtration membrane comprising: a porous substrate; at least one active layer comprising a sheet of atomically thin material, wherein the at least one active layer is disposed on the porous substrate, and wherein the at least one active layer comprises a plurality of defects; and a first plurality of pores passing from one side of the at least one active layer to an opposing side of the at least one active layer, wherein the porous substrate laterally isolates flow through the at least one active layer, and wherein a pore size of the porous substrate is less than a mean distance between defects of the at least one active layer. Previously presented
The filtration membrane of claim 1, wherein the at least one active layer comprises at least one of graphene, graphene oxide, hexagonal boron nitride, molybdenum sulfide, and vanadium pentoxide. Previously presented
The filtration membrane of claim 1 wherein the first plurality of pores are sized to provide selectivity relative to a desired liquid or gas. Previously presented
The filtration membrane of claim 1 wherein the porous substrate comprises at least one of a polymer, a ceramic, and a metal. Original
The filtration membrane of claim 1, wherein the porous substrate comprises a second filtration membrane. Previously presented
The filtration membrane of claim 1, wherein the at least one active layer is functionalized. Previously presented
The filtration membrane of claim 1, wherein an H 2 permeability of the at least one active layer is greater than approximately 10-6 mol/m 2 -s-Pa. Previously presented
The filtration membrane of claim 1, wherein the first plurality of pores of the at least one active layer are functionalized. Previously presented
The filtration membrane of claim 1, further comprising a protective coating applied to the at least one active layer. Previously presented
The filtration membrane of claim 1, wherein the porous substrate laterally isolates flow through a defect formed in the at least one active layer from flow through the first plurality of pores formed in the at least one active layer. Previously presented
The filtration membrane of claim 1, wherein the at least one active layer is a stack of a plurality of separate active layers, and wherein the first plurality of pores pass from one side of the stack to an opposing side of the stack such that the first plurality of pores formed in the different active layers are aligned. Currently amended
The filtration membrane of claim 1, wherein the first plurality of pores are angstrom-scale or nanometer-scale pores. Previously presented
The filtration membrane of claim 1, wherein the first plurality of pores have diameters between 1 nm and 15 nm. Previously presented
The filtration membrane of claim 1, wherein a flow resistance of the porous substrate is less than approximately ten times a flow resistance of the at least one active layer. Previously presented
The filtration membrane of claim 1, wherein the porous substrate comprises a second plurality of isolated pores that are fluidly coupled to the first plurality of pores. Previously presented
The filtration membrane of claim 1, wherein the porous substrate comprises a second plurality of pores, wherein the second plurality of pores are cylindrical, conical, or bullet shaped. Previously presented
The filtration membrane of claim 1, wherein a pore size of the first plurality of pores is less than a size of the defects. Previously presented
The filtration membrane of claim 1, wherein the porous substrate laterally isolates flow through the at least one active layer by reducing flow in a direction substantially perpendicular to a direction of flow across the porous support. Previously presented
The filtration membrane of claim 57, wherein the flow resistance of the porous substrate is greater than approximately 0.0001 times the flow resistance of the at least one active layer. Previously presented
The filtration membrane of claim 57, wherein the flow resistance of the porous substrate is greater than approximately 0.05 times the flow resistance of the at least one active layer. Previously presented
The filtration membrane of claim 57, wherein the flow resistance of the porous substrate is less than approximately one times the flow resistance of the at least one active layer. Previously presented
A filtration membrane comprising: a porous substrate; a first active layer comprising a sheet of atomically thin material, wherein the first active layer comprises a first plurality of defects, and wherein the first active layer is disposed on the porous substrate; a second active layer comprising a sheet of atomically thin material, wherein the second active layer comprises a second plurality of defects, and wherein the second active layer is disposed on the first active layer; and a plurality of selective pores formed in the first and second active layers, wherein the plurality of selective pores pass from one side of the first and second active layers to an opposing side of the first and second active layers such that selective pores formed in the first and second active layers are aligned, wherein a majority of the first plurality of defects and the second plurality of defects are misaligned, and wherein a majority of the plurality of selective pores formed in the first and second active layers are aligned. Previously presented
The filtration membrane of claim 12, wherein the first active layer and the second active layer comprise at least one of graphene, graphene oxide, hexagonal boron nitride, molybdenum sulfide, and vanadium pentoxide. Previously presented
The filtration membrane of claim 12, wherein the second active layer covers the first plurality of defects present in the first active layer. Previously presented
The filtration membrane of claim 12, wherein the plurality of selective pores are sized to provide selectivity relative to a desired liquid or gas. Previously presented
The filtration membrane of claim 12, wherein the porous substrate comprises at least one of a polymer, a ceramic, and a metal. Original
The filtration membrane of claim 12, wherein the porous substrate comprises a second filtration membrane. Previously presented
The filtration membrane of claim 12, wherein the first and/or second active layer is functionalized. Previously presented
The filtration membrane of claim 12, wherein an H 2 permeability of the first and second active layers is greater than approximately 10-6 mol/m 2 -s-Pa. Currently amended
The filtration membrane of claim 12, further comprising a protective coating applied to at least one of the first and second active layer. Previously presented
The filtration membrane of claim 12, wherein the porous substrate laterally isolates flow through the first active layer and the second active layer. Previously presented
The filtration membrane of claim 12, wherein the porous substrate laterally isolates flow through a defect formed in at least one of the first active layer and the second active layer from flow through the aligned pores formed in the first active layer and the second active layer. Previously presented
The filtration membrane of claim 12, wherein the plurality of selective pores are angstrom-scale or nanometer-scale pores. Previously presented
The filtration membrane of claim 12, wherein the plurality of selective pores have diameters between 1 nm and 15 nm. Previously presented
The filtration membrane of claim 12, wherein a flow resistance of the porous substrate is less than approximately ten times a combined flow resistance of the first and second active layers. Previously presented
The filtration membrane of claim 12, wherein substantially all of the plurality of selective pores formed in the first and second active layers are aligned. Previously presented
21-33. Canceled
Canceled
35-36. Canceled
Canceled
Canceled
49-51. Canceled
Canceled
61-63. Canceled
Canceled
Layer stacks claimed or described, ordered top of device to substrate.
filtration membrane with single active layer
filtration membrane with dual active layers
Materials described outside the worked examples.
graphene
graphene oxide
Additional fabrication and treatment steps described in the patent.
Measurements and analyses referenced in the patent, with their drawing references.
durability of the membrane may be desirable, and therefore an optional protective coating 10 may be applied to the graphene to ensure that the membrane will function effectively after repeated handling and/or use. The porous graphene layer may sterically hinder
Performance values and ranges asserted in the specification or claims.
| Property | Value | Material |
|---|---|---|
H2 Permeability | >1e-6 mol/m2-s-Pa | graphenegraphene oxide |
Thickness |
Related documents with shared materials, methods, properties, or citations.
Patent
Atlas literature
Patent
US 11,135,546Patent drawings and their descriptions. Click a drawing to enlarge it.
Claims define the patent's legal scope. Independent claims stand alone; dependent claims (nested) narrow them. Click a claim to expand its dependents.
A filtration membrane comprising: a porous substrate; at least one active layer comprising a sheet of atomically thin material, wherein the at least one active layer is disposed on the porous substrate, and wherein the at least one active layer comprises a plurality of defects; and a first plurality of pores passing from one side of the at least one active layer to an opposing side of the at least one active layer, wherein the porous substrate laterally isolates flow through the at least one active layer, and wherein a pore size of the porous substrate is less than a mean distance between defects of the at least one active layer. Previously presented
The filtration membrane of claim 1, wherein the at least one active layer comprises at least one of graphene, graphene oxide, hexagonal boron nitride, molybdenum sulfide, and vanadium pentoxide. Previously presented
The filtration membrane of claim 1 wherein the first plurality of pores are sized to provide selectivity relative to a desired liquid or gas. Previously presented
The filtration membrane of claim 1 wherein the porous substrate comprises at least one of a polymer, a ceramic, and a metal. Original
The filtration membrane of claim 1, wherein the porous substrate comprises a second filtration membrane. Previously presented
The filtration membrane of claim 1, wherein the at least one active layer is functionalized. Previously presented
The filtration membrane of claim 1, wherein an H 2 permeability of the at least one active layer is greater than approximately 10-6 mol/m 2 -s-Pa. Previously presented
The filtration membrane of claim 1, wherein the first plurality of pores of the at least one active layer are functionalized. Previously presented
The filtration membrane of claim 1, further comprising a protective coating applied to the at least one active layer. Previously presented
The filtration membrane of claim 1, wherein the porous substrate laterally isolates flow through a defect formed in the at least one active layer from flow through the first plurality of pores formed in the at least one active layer. Previously presented
The filtration membrane of claim 1, wherein the at least one active layer is a stack of a plurality of separate active layers, and wherein the first plurality of pores pass from one side of the stack to an opposing side of the stack such that the first plurality of pores formed in the different active layers are aligned. Currently amended
The filtration membrane of claim 1, wherein the first plurality of pores are angstrom-scale or nanometer-scale pores. Previously presented
The filtration membrane of claim 1, wherein the first plurality of pores have diameters between 1 nm and 15 nm. Previously presented
The filtration membrane of claim 1, wherein a flow resistance of the porous substrate is less than approximately ten times a flow resistance of the at least one active layer. Previously presented
The filtration membrane of claim 1, wherein the porous substrate comprises a second plurality of isolated pores that are fluidly coupled to the first plurality of pores. Previously presented
The filtration membrane of claim 1, wherein the porous substrate comprises a second plurality of pores, wherein the second plurality of pores are cylindrical, conical, or bullet shaped. Previously presented
The filtration membrane of claim 1, wherein a pore size of the first plurality of pores is less than a size of the defects. Previously presented
The filtration membrane of claim 1, wherein the porous substrate laterally isolates flow through the at least one active layer by reducing flow in a direction substantially perpendicular to a direction of flow across the porous support. Previously presented
The filtration membrane of claim 57, wherein the flow resistance of the porous substrate is greater than approximately 0.0001 times the flow resistance of the at least one active layer. Previously presented
The filtration membrane of claim 57, wherein the flow resistance of the porous substrate is greater than approximately 0.05 times the flow resistance of the at least one active layer. Previously presented
The filtration membrane of claim 57, wherein the flow resistance of the porous substrate is less than approximately one times the flow resistance of the at least one active layer. Previously presented
A filtration membrane comprising: a porous substrate; a first active layer comprising a sheet of atomically thin material, wherein the first active layer comprises a first plurality of defects, and wherein the first active layer is disposed on the porous substrate; a second active layer comprising a sheet of atomically thin material, wherein the second active layer comprises a second plurality of defects, and wherein the second active layer is disposed on the first active layer; and a plurality of selective pores formed in the first and second active layers, wherein the plurality of selective pores pass from one side of the first and second active layers to an opposing side of the first and second active layers such that selective pores formed in the first and second active layers are aligned, wherein a majority of the first plurality of defects and the second plurality of defects are misaligned, and wherein a majority of the plurality of selective pores formed in the first and second active layers are aligned. Previously presented
The filtration membrane of claim 12, wherein the first active layer and the second active layer comprise at least one of graphene, graphene oxide, hexagonal boron nitride, molybdenum sulfide, and vanadium pentoxide. Previously presented
The filtration membrane of claim 12, wherein the second active layer covers the first plurality of defects present in the first active layer. Previously presented
The filtration membrane of claim 12, wherein the plurality of selective pores are sized to provide selectivity relative to a desired liquid or gas. Previously presented
The filtration membrane of claim 12, wherein the porous substrate comprises at least one of a polymer, a ceramic, and a metal. Original
The filtration membrane of claim 12, wherein the porous substrate comprises a second filtration membrane. Previously presented
The filtration membrane of claim 12, wherein the first and/or second active layer is functionalized. Previously presented
The filtration membrane of claim 12, wherein an H 2 permeability of the first and second active layers is greater than approximately 10-6 mol/m 2 -s-Pa. Currently amended
The filtration membrane of claim 12, further comprising a protective coating applied to at least one of the first and second active layer. Previously presented
The filtration membrane of claim 12, wherein the porous substrate laterally isolates flow through the first active layer and the second active layer. Previously presented
The filtration membrane of claim 12, wherein the porous substrate laterally isolates flow through a defect formed in at least one of the first active layer and the second active layer from flow through the aligned pores formed in the first active layer and the second active layer. Previously presented
The filtration membrane of claim 12, wherein the plurality of selective pores are angstrom-scale or nanometer-scale pores. Previously presented
The filtration membrane of claim 12, wherein the plurality of selective pores have diameters between 1 nm and 15 nm. Previously presented
The filtration membrane of claim 12, wherein a flow resistance of the porous substrate is less than approximately ten times a combined flow resistance of the first and second active layers. Previously presented
The filtration membrane of claim 12, wherein substantially all of the plurality of selective pores formed in the first and second active layers are aligned. Previously presented
21-33. Canceled
Canceled
35-36. Canceled
Canceled
Canceled
49-51. Canceled
Canceled
61-63. Canceled
Canceled
Layer stacks claimed or described, ordered top of device to substrate.
filtration membrane with single active layer
filtration membrane with dual active layers
Materials described outside the worked examples.
graphene
graphene oxide
Additional fabrication and treatment steps described in the patent.
Measurements and analyses referenced in the patent, with their drawing references.
durability of the membrane may be desirable, and therefore an optional protective coating 10 may be applied to the graphene to ensure that the membrane will function effectively after repeated handling and/or use. The porous graphene layer may sterically hinder
Performance values and ranges asserted in the specification or claims.
| Property | Value | Material |
|---|---|---|
H2 Permeability | >1e-6 mol/m2-s-Pa | graphenegraphene oxide |
Thickness |
Related documents with shared materials, methods, properties, or citations.
hexagonal boron nitride
h-BN
molybdenum sulfide
MoS₂
vanadium pentoxide
V₂O₅
porous substrate
atomically thin material
| — |
Thickness | ≤ 10 nm | — |
Thickness | ≤ 1 nm | — |
Thickness | 1–10000 nm | — |
GRAPHENE OXIDE-BASED COMPOSITE MEMBRANES
hexagonal boron nitride
h-BN
molybdenum sulfide
MoS₂
vanadium pentoxide
V₂O₅
porous substrate
atomically thin material
| — |
Thickness | ≤ 10 nm | — |
Thickness | ≤ 1 nm | — |
Thickness | 1–10000 nm | — |
GRAPHENE OXIDE-BASED COMPOSITE MEMBRANES
hexagonal boron nitride
h-BN
molybdenum sulfide
MoS₂
vanadium pentoxide
V₂O₅
porous substrate
atomically thin material
| — |
Thickness | ≤ 10 nm | — |
Thickness | ≤ 1 nm | — |
Thickness | 1–10000 nm | — |
GRAPHENE OXIDE-BASED COMPOSITE MEMBRANES
hexagonal boron nitride
h-BN
molybdenum sulfide
MoS₂
vanadium pentoxide
V₂O₅
porous substrate
atomically thin material
| — |
Thickness | ≤ 10 nm | — |
Thickness | ≤ 1 nm | — |
Thickness | 1–10000 nm | — |
GRAPHENE OXIDE-BASED COMPOSITE MEMBRANES