Patent
US 11,092,722FUNCTIONALIZED GRAPHENE AND CNT SHEET OPTICAL ABSORBERS AND METHOD OF MANUFACTURE
John A. Starkovich
US
Copyright © 2026 Matter42. All rights reserved.
Patent
Atlas literature
Patent
US 11,092,722Patent drawings and their descriptions. Click a drawing to enlarge it.
FIG. 1 B shows a cross-section of sheets generally stacked to make a layer approximately 12 to 25 micrometers (0.0005 to 0.001 inch) thick although a range of …
FIG. 2. As shown, oxygen atoms, represented at 22, are added to some points in a CNT lattice 20, while a combination of oxygen and hydrogen atoms, represented …
FIG. 3 shows two CNT sheets, each clamped between two aluminum plates, of which one has a square window removed. The sample on the left has not received the …
FIG. 4, which depicts a graph of hemispheric reflection reductions of four different absorbing materials at a range of wavelengths, in nanometers (nm). The …
FIG. 5 is a bar graph showing the broadband reflectance properties of various optical absorbers. [14]
FIGS. 6A and 6B are schematics of a laser spot and line generator useful for CNT surface functionalization and/or texturing [15]
FIG. 7B. In this embodiment, the surface height of the CNT sheet is variably and randomly etched by a laser rastering method. In an example embodiment, the …
FIG. 8 shows a further embodiment wherein the surface of the CNT sheet has been treated in a regular pattern with a laser. Long light trapping cavities 80 are …
Claims define the patent's legal scope. Independent claims stand alone; dependent claims (nested) narrow them. Click a claim to expand its dependents.
1-13. Cancelled. Canceled
Canceled
A sheet of optical absorbing material with improved absorbency of light striking an exposed surface of the sheet comprising: a plurality of non-woven sheets of horizontally-oriented carbon nanotubes (CNTs) arranged to form a stack so that each of the plurality of sheets define a plane that is parallel to planes of the other sheets, the horizontally-oriented CNTs in each sheet having a randomly organized pattern relative to patterns of the other sheets; a randomly texturized continuous, externally facing, exposed substantially planar surface parallel to said planes where the exposed surface is made of contiguous, functionalized, CNTs; means for increasing the absorbency of light between 250-2,500 nm striking the exposed surface to have 2 % or less average hemispherical reflectance, the means comprising a plurality of variable depth, localized, hills and valleys formed on substantially all of the exposed planar surface, the hills and valleys formed by corresponding variable amounts of localized heat applied across substantially all of the planar surface so that the depth of the valleys terminate at different sheets within the stack; the means including an altered chemical composition of the exposed functionalized surfaces by localized heating to at least 450 degrees Centigrade, the exposed surfaces of the hills and valleys being contiguous to intercept all of the light striking the sheet, where the exposed surface exhibits improved light absorbency. Previously presented
The sheet of claim 14, wherein the exposed functionalized surfaces of the hills and valleys provides an average of at least 2 times a reduction in reflectance as compared to a sheet of nonwoven CNTs without the exposed functionalized surfaces of the hills and valleys. Previously presented
The sheet of claim 14, wherein the CNT sheets form a stack thickness between 12 to micrometers. Previously presented
The sheet of claim 14 wherein the plurality of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are formed of a stack of Previously presented
The sheet of claim 14 wherein the altering exposed functionalized dry surfaces to add oxygenated degrees Centigrade. Previously presented
Canceled. Canceled
Canceled. Canceled
19-21. Canceled. Canceled
Canceled
Layer stacks claimed or described, ordered top of device to substrate.
optical absorber sheet
Materials described outside the worked examples.
non-woven carbon nanotube sheet
single-wall carbon nanotubes (SWCNT)
multi-wall carbon nanotubes (MWCNT)
Additional fabrication and treatment steps described in the patent.
Measurements and analyses referenced in the patent, with their drawing references.
FIG. 4, which depicts a graph of hemispheric reflection reductions of four different absorbing materials at a range of wavelengths, in nanometers (nm). The …
Performance values and ranges asserted in the specification or claims.
| Property | Value | Material |
|---|---|---|
average hemispherical reflectance (250-2500 nm) | ≤ 2 % | non-woven carbon nanotube sheet |
CNT stack thickness | 12–25 micrometers |
Related documents with shared materials, methods, properties, or citations.
Patent
Atlas literature
Patent
US 11,092,722Patent drawings and their descriptions. Click a drawing to enlarge it.
FIG. 1 B shows a cross-section of sheets generally stacked to make a layer approximately 12 to 25 micrometers (0.0005 to 0.001 inch) thick although a range of …
FIG. 2. As shown, oxygen atoms, represented at 22, are added to some points in a CNT lattice 20, while a combination of oxygen and hydrogen atoms, represented …
FIG. 3 shows two CNT sheets, each clamped between two aluminum plates, of which one has a square window removed. The sample on the left has not received the …
FIG. 4, which depicts a graph of hemispheric reflection reductions of four different absorbing materials at a range of wavelengths, in nanometers (nm). The …
FIG. 5 is a bar graph showing the broadband reflectance properties of various optical absorbers. [14]
FIGS. 6A and 6B are schematics of a laser spot and line generator useful for CNT surface functionalization and/or texturing [15]
FIG. 7B. In this embodiment, the surface height of the CNT sheet is variably and randomly etched by a laser rastering method. In an example embodiment, the …
FIG. 8 shows a further embodiment wherein the surface of the CNT sheet has been treated in a regular pattern with a laser. Long light trapping cavities 80 are …
Claims define the patent's legal scope. Independent claims stand alone; dependent claims (nested) narrow them. Click a claim to expand its dependents.
1-13. Cancelled. Canceled
Canceled
A sheet of optical absorbing material with improved absorbency of light striking an exposed surface of the sheet comprising: a plurality of non-woven sheets of horizontally-oriented carbon nanotubes (CNTs) arranged to form a stack so that each of the plurality of sheets define a plane that is parallel to planes of the other sheets, the horizontally-oriented CNTs in each sheet having a randomly organized pattern relative to patterns of the other sheets; a randomly texturized continuous, externally facing, exposed substantially planar surface parallel to said planes where the exposed surface is made of contiguous, functionalized, CNTs; means for increasing the absorbency of light between 250-2,500 nm striking the exposed surface to have 2 % or less average hemispherical reflectance, the means comprising a plurality of variable depth, localized, hills and valleys formed on substantially all of the exposed planar surface, the hills and valleys formed by corresponding variable amounts of localized heat applied across substantially all of the planar surface so that the depth of the valleys terminate at different sheets within the stack; the means including an altered chemical composition of the exposed functionalized surfaces by localized heating to at least 450 degrees Centigrade, the exposed surfaces of the hills and valleys being contiguous to intercept all of the light striking the sheet, where the exposed surface exhibits improved light absorbency. Previously presented
The sheet of claim 14, wherein the exposed functionalized surfaces of the hills and valleys provides an average of at least 2 times a reduction in reflectance as compared to a sheet of nonwoven CNTs without the exposed functionalized surfaces of the hills and valleys. Previously presented
The sheet of claim 14, wherein the CNT sheets form a stack thickness between 12 to micrometers. Previously presented
The sheet of claim 14 wherein the plurality of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are formed of a stack of Previously presented
The sheet of claim 14 wherein the altering exposed functionalized dry surfaces to add oxygenated degrees Centigrade. Previously presented
Canceled. Canceled
Canceled. Canceled
19-21. Canceled. Canceled
Canceled
Layer stacks claimed or described, ordered top of device to substrate.
optical absorber sheet
Materials described outside the worked examples.
non-woven carbon nanotube sheet
single-wall carbon nanotubes (SWCNT)
multi-wall carbon nanotubes (MWCNT)
Additional fabrication and treatment steps described in the patent.
Measurements and analyses referenced in the patent, with their drawing references.
FIG. 4, which depicts a graph of hemispheric reflection reductions of four different absorbing materials at a range of wavelengths, in nanometers (nm). The …
Performance values and ranges asserted in the specification or claims.
| Property | Value | Material |
|---|---|---|
average hemispherical reflectance (250-2500 nm) | ≤ 2 % | non-woven carbon nanotube sheet |
CNT stack thickness | 12–25 micrometers |
Related documents with shared materials, methods, properties, or citations.
Patent
Atlas literature
Patent
US 11,092,722Patent drawings and their descriptions. Click a drawing to enlarge it.
FIG. 1 B shows a cross-section of sheets generally stacked to make a layer approximately 12 to 25 micrometers (0.0005 to 0.001 inch) thick although a range of …
FIG. 2. As shown, oxygen atoms, represented at 22, are added to some points in a CNT lattice 20, while a combination of oxygen and hydrogen atoms, represented …
FIG. 3 shows two CNT sheets, each clamped between two aluminum plates, of which one has a square window removed. The sample on the left has not received the …
FIG. 4, which depicts a graph of hemispheric reflection reductions of four different absorbing materials at a range of wavelengths, in nanometers (nm). The …
FIG. 5 is a bar graph showing the broadband reflectance properties of various optical absorbers. [14]
FIGS. 6A and 6B are schematics of a laser spot and line generator useful for CNT surface functionalization and/or texturing [15]
FIG. 7B. In this embodiment, the surface height of the CNT sheet is variably and randomly etched by a laser rastering method. In an example embodiment, the …
FIG. 8 shows a further embodiment wherein the surface of the CNT sheet has been treated in a regular pattern with a laser. Long light trapping cavities 80 are …
Claims define the patent's legal scope. Independent claims stand alone; dependent claims (nested) narrow them. Click a claim to expand its dependents.
1-13. Cancelled. Canceled
Canceled
A sheet of optical absorbing material with improved absorbency of light striking an exposed surface of the sheet comprising: a plurality of non-woven sheets of horizontally-oriented carbon nanotubes (CNTs) arranged to form a stack so that each of the plurality of sheets define a plane that is parallel to planes of the other sheets, the horizontally-oriented CNTs in each sheet having a randomly organized pattern relative to patterns of the other sheets; a randomly texturized continuous, externally facing, exposed substantially planar surface parallel to said planes where the exposed surface is made of contiguous, functionalized, CNTs; means for increasing the absorbency of light between 250-2,500 nm striking the exposed surface to have 2 % or less average hemispherical reflectance, the means comprising a plurality of variable depth, localized, hills and valleys formed on substantially all of the exposed planar surface, the hills and valleys formed by corresponding variable amounts of localized heat applied across substantially all of the planar surface so that the depth of the valleys terminate at different sheets within the stack; the means including an altered chemical composition of the exposed functionalized surfaces by localized heating to at least 450 degrees Centigrade, the exposed surfaces of the hills and valleys being contiguous to intercept all of the light striking the sheet, where the exposed surface exhibits improved light absorbency. Previously presented
The sheet of claim 14, wherein the exposed functionalized surfaces of the hills and valleys provides an average of at least 2 times a reduction in reflectance as compared to a sheet of nonwoven CNTs without the exposed functionalized surfaces of the hills and valleys. Previously presented
The sheet of claim 14, wherein the CNT sheets form a stack thickness between 12 to micrometers. Previously presented
The sheet of claim 14 wherein the plurality of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are formed of a stack of Previously presented
The sheet of claim 14 wherein the altering exposed functionalized dry surfaces to add oxygenated degrees Centigrade. Previously presented
Canceled. Canceled
Canceled. Canceled
19-21. Canceled. Canceled
Canceled
Layer stacks claimed or described, ordered top of device to substrate.
optical absorber sheet
Materials described outside the worked examples.
non-woven carbon nanotube sheet
single-wall carbon nanotubes (SWCNT)
multi-wall carbon nanotubes (MWCNT)
Additional fabrication and treatment steps described in the patent.
Measurements and analyses referenced in the patent, with their drawing references.
FIG. 4, which depicts a graph of hemispheric reflection reductions of four different absorbing materials at a range of wavelengths, in nanometers (nm). The …
Performance values and ranges asserted in the specification or claims.
| Property | Value | Material |
|---|---|---|
average hemispherical reflectance (250-2500 nm) | ≤ 2 % | non-woven carbon nanotube sheet |
CNT stack thickness | 12–25 micrometers |
Related documents with shared materials, methods, properties, or citations.
Patent
Atlas literature
Patent
US 11,092,722Patent drawings and their descriptions. Click a drawing to enlarge it.
FIG. 1 B shows a cross-section of sheets generally stacked to make a layer approximately 12 to 25 micrometers (0.0005 to 0.001 inch) thick although a range of …
FIG. 2. As shown, oxygen atoms, represented at 22, are added to some points in a CNT lattice 20, while a combination of oxygen and hydrogen atoms, represented …
FIG. 3 shows two CNT sheets, each clamped between two aluminum plates, of which one has a square window removed. The sample on the left has not received the …
FIG. 4, which depicts a graph of hemispheric reflection reductions of four different absorbing materials at a range of wavelengths, in nanometers (nm). The …
FIG. 5 is a bar graph showing the broadband reflectance properties of various optical absorbers. [14]
FIGS. 6A and 6B are schematics of a laser spot and line generator useful for CNT surface functionalization and/or texturing [15]
FIG. 7B. In this embodiment, the surface height of the CNT sheet is variably and randomly etched by a laser rastering method. In an example embodiment, the …
FIG. 8 shows a further embodiment wherein the surface of the CNT sheet has been treated in a regular pattern with a laser. Long light trapping cavities 80 are …
Claims define the patent's legal scope. Independent claims stand alone; dependent claims (nested) narrow them. Click a claim to expand its dependents.
1-13. Cancelled. Canceled
Canceled
A sheet of optical absorbing material with improved absorbency of light striking an exposed surface of the sheet comprising: a plurality of non-woven sheets of horizontally-oriented carbon nanotubes (CNTs) arranged to form a stack so that each of the plurality of sheets define a plane that is parallel to planes of the other sheets, the horizontally-oriented CNTs in each sheet having a randomly organized pattern relative to patterns of the other sheets; a randomly texturized continuous, externally facing, exposed substantially planar surface parallel to said planes where the exposed surface is made of contiguous, functionalized, CNTs; means for increasing the absorbency of light between 250-2,500 nm striking the exposed surface to have 2 % or less average hemispherical reflectance, the means comprising a plurality of variable depth, localized, hills and valleys formed on substantially all of the exposed planar surface, the hills and valleys formed by corresponding variable amounts of localized heat applied across substantially all of the planar surface so that the depth of the valleys terminate at different sheets within the stack; the means including an altered chemical composition of the exposed functionalized surfaces by localized heating to at least 450 degrees Centigrade, the exposed surfaces of the hills and valleys being contiguous to intercept all of the light striking the sheet, where the exposed surface exhibits improved light absorbency. Previously presented
The sheet of claim 14, wherein the exposed functionalized surfaces of the hills and valleys provides an average of at least 2 times a reduction in reflectance as compared to a sheet of nonwoven CNTs without the exposed functionalized surfaces of the hills and valleys. Previously presented
The sheet of claim 14, wherein the CNT sheets form a stack thickness between 12 to micrometers. Previously presented
The sheet of claim 14 wherein the plurality of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are formed of a stack of Previously presented
The sheet of claim 14 wherein the altering exposed functionalized dry surfaces to add oxygenated degrees Centigrade. Previously presented
Canceled. Canceled
Canceled. Canceled
19-21. Canceled. Canceled
Canceled
Layer stacks claimed or described, ordered top of device to substrate.
optical absorber sheet
Materials described outside the worked examples.
non-woven carbon nanotube sheet
single-wall carbon nanotubes (SWCNT)
multi-wall carbon nanotubes (MWCNT)
Additional fabrication and treatment steps described in the patent.
Measurements and analyses referenced in the patent, with their drawing references.
FIG. 4, which depicts a graph of hemispheric reflection reductions of four different absorbing materials at a range of wavelengths, in nanometers (nm). The …
Performance values and ranges asserted in the specification or claims.
| Property | Value | Material |
|---|---|---|
average hemispherical reflectance (250-2500 nm) | ≤ 2 % | non-woven carbon nanotube sheet |
CNT stack thickness | 12–25 micrometers |
Related documents with shared materials, methods, properties, or citations.
functionalized CNT surface with oxygenated species
FIG. 5 is a bar graph showing the broadband reflectance properties of various optical absorbers. [14]
Thickness | 100–11000 nm | — |
Thickness | 1–10000 µm | — |
Thickness | 12–25 µm | — |
Thickness | 10–250 µm | — |
Thickness | 250–2500 nm | — |
functionalized CNT surface with oxygenated species
FIG. 5 is a bar graph showing the broadband reflectance properties of various optical absorbers. [14]
Thickness | 100–11000 nm | — |
Thickness | 1–10000 µm | — |
Thickness | 12–25 µm | — |
Thickness | 10–250 µm | — |
Thickness | 250–2500 nm | — |
functionalized CNT surface with oxygenated species
FIG. 5 is a bar graph showing the broadband reflectance properties of various optical absorbers. [14]
Thickness | 100–11000 nm | — |
Thickness | 1–10000 µm | — |
Thickness | 12–25 µm | — |
Thickness | 10–250 µm | — |
Thickness | 250–2500 nm | — |
functionalized CNT surface with oxygenated species
FIG. 5 is a bar graph showing the broadband reflectance properties of various optical absorbers. [14]
Thickness | 100–11000 nm | — |
Thickness | 1–10000 µm | — |
Thickness | 12–25 µm | — |
Thickness | 10–250 µm | — |
Thickness | 250–2500 nm | — |