Patent
US 9,734,954CONDUCTING POLYMER/GRAPHENE-BASED MATERIAL COMPOSITES, AND METHODS FOR PREPARING THE COMPOSITES
Linfei Lai
US
Copyright © 2026 Matter42. All rights reserved.
Patent
Atlas literature
Patent
US 9,734,954Patent drawings and their descriptions. Click a drawing to enlarge it.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing chemical structures of nitrogen-doped reduced graphene oxide (NG), amine modified reduced graphene oxide (NH 2 -G), …
FIG. 2 are graphs depicting X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) survey scans 10 of (a) GO, RG, NG and NH 2 -G; (b) N l s spectrum of NH 2 -G; (c) C l s …
FIG. 3 are cyclic voltammetry curves of primary amine modified graphene (NH 2- G) with different polypyrrole doping weight ratio from 1 to 80% PPy (Ppy denotes …
FIG. 4 shows scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images of (a) GO-PPy, (b) NG-PPy, (c) NH 2 G-PPy, and (d) RG-PPy. The scale bar in the figures denotes 1 pm. …
FIG. 5 are graphs showing cyclic voltammetry curves of (a) GO-PPy, (b) RG-PPy, (c) NH 2 -G-PPy, and (d) NG-PPy with scanning rates from 5 to 50 mVs 1 in 6 M …
FIG. 6 are graphs showing cyclic voltammetry curves of GO, RG, NG, and NH 2-G at 50 mV s 1 in 6M KOH electrolyte. [0019]
FIG. 7 depict graphs showing (a) comparison of CVs of GO, NG, NH 2 -G, and 25 RGO at a scan rate of 50 mV s-1; and (b) charge-discharge curves of GO-PPy and …
FIG. 8 depict graphs showing specific capacitance (F g " 1) of NH 2 -G, N-G, RG, GO (a) before, and (b) after loading of 10 % PPy with respect to the scan rate …
FIG. 9 depicts capacitance retention of NG-PPy and GO-PPy electrodes in first 540 charging/discharging cycles at a current density 0.26 A g -I. [0022]
FIG. 10 shows Impedance Nyquist plots of (a) NH₂-G-PPy, NG-PPy, and (b) GO- PPy, RGO- PPy electrodes between 100 kHz and 10 mHz at 10 mV signal level. Y-axis: …
FIG. 11 depicts graphs showing (a) cyclic voltammograms of asymmetric capacitor N-RG- O/PPy//N-RG-O cell taken at various scan rates 20 -450 mV s-; wherein y- …
FIG. 12 depicts Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) spectra of (a) G- O and RG-O; and (b) NH₂-RG-O and N-RG-O. Y-axis: transmittance (a.u.); …
FIG. 13 depicts Near Edge X-Ray Absorption Fine Structure (NEXAFS) spectra at the C K edge of G-O, RG-O, NH₂-RG-O, and N-RG-O. The spectrum of graphite is also …
FIG. 14 depicts graphs showing cyclic volta m mograms of (a) GO-PAN i, (b) NG- 20 PAN i, (c) NH₂-G-PAN i, and (d) RG-PANi recorded at different scan rate from 2 …
FIG. 15 depicts graphs showing specific capacitance of different surface functionalized graphene (a) before and (b) after loading of 10 wt% PANi as a function of …
FIG. 16 depicts graphs showing cyclic-life data of (a) RG-PANi electrode; and (b) NH₂-G- PANi. The specific capacitance is calculated from CV curves at a scan …
FIG. 17 is a process scheme illustrating that amine functional groups in NH 2 -RG- O react with protons to produce imine or protonated amine, while the …
FIG. 18 shows electrochemical impedance plots of G-O/PAN i, N-RG-O/PAN i, 5 NH 2-RG-O/PAN i, and RG-O/PAN i. Y-axis: Z" (ohm); x-axis: Z' (ohm). The spectra …
FIG. 19 depicts graphs of (a) CVs taken at various scan rates 10 -500 mV s ' (Y- axis: current density (Ag -'); x-axis: voltage (V)); and (b) galvanostatic …
FIG. 20 depicts graphs showing specific capacitance of N H₂ -G, RG, GO and N-G 15 before (light gray) and after (black) loading of (a) 10 wt % PAN i; and (b) 10 …
Claims define the patent's legal scope. Independent claims stand alone; dependent claims (nested) narrow them. Click a claim to expand its dependents.
A composite comprising a conducting polymer and a graphene- based material, the composite comprising a) a graphene-based material doped with nitrogen or having a nitrogen-containing species selected from the group consisting of an amine group, an amide group, and a nitrile group directly grafted to a graphitic carbon atom that forms part of a ring structure of the graphene-based material, and b) a coating consisting of the conducting polymer formed directly on a surface of the graphene-based material, wherein the composite comprises 1 to 10 wt% of the conducting polymer.
The composite according to claim 1, wherein the graphene-based material comprises reduced graphene oxide.
The composite according to claim 1, wherein the nitrogen in the graphene- based material doped with nitrogen is pyridinic-N, pyrrolic-N, graphitic-N, or mixtures thereof.
The composite according to claim 1, wherein the nitrogen- containing species is -N-Han amine group.
The composite according to claim 1, wherein the conducting polymer is selected from the group consisting of polyaniline, polypyrrole, polythiophene, poly(phenylenevinylene), poly(phenylene sulfide), polydiphenylamine, polythienylenevinylene, bithiophene, polyethylenedioxythiophene, polytriazine, polyacetylene, derivatives thereof, and mixtures thereof. 2 of 9 Appl. No.: 14/034,888 Amdt. dated Attorney Docket No.: 055514/438234 Reply to Advisory Action of
The composite according to claim 1, wherein the conducting polymer is polyaniline or polypyrrole.
The composite according to claim 1, wherein the coating consisting of the conducting polymer has a thickness that is at least substantially uniform.
The composite according to claim 1, wherein the graphene-based material comprises reduced graphene oxide doped with nitrogen and the conducting polymer comprises polypyrrole.
The composite according to claim 1, wherein the graphene-based material comprises reduced graphene oxide grafted with -NHaan amine group and the conducting polymer comprises polyaniline.
canceled
canceled
A method of preparing a composite comprising a conducting polymer and a graphene-based material, the method comprising a) providing a graphene-based material doped with nitrogen or having a nitrogen- containing species selected from the group consisting of an amine group, an amide group, and a nitrile group directly grafted to a graphitic carbon atom that forms part of a ring structure of the graphene-based material, b) contacting the graphene-based material with a solution comprising monomers of the conducting polymer; and c) polymerizing the monomers of the conducting polymer on the graphene-based material in the presence of an oxidant to form a coating of the conducting polymer 3 of 9 Appl. No.: 14/034,888 Amdt. dated Attorney Docket No.: 055514/438234 Reply to Advisory Action of directly on a surface of the graphene-based material, wherein the composite comprises 1 to 10 wt% of the conducting polymer.
The method according to claim 12, wherein providing the graphene-based material doped with nitrogen comprises annealing a graphene-based material in an environment consisting essentially of an inert gas and ammonia.
The method according to claim 12, wherein providing the graphene-based material having a nitrogen-containing species grafted thereon comprises a) dispersing a graphene-based material in a solution comprising a reducing agent to form a first suspension; b) adding a solution comprising a nitrogen-containing species to the first suspension to form a second suspension; and c) subjecting the second suspension to a solvothermal process to graft the nitrogen- containing species on the graphene-based material.
The method according to claim 12, wherein the graphene-based material doped with nitrogen or having a nitrogen-containing species grafted thereon comprises reduced graphene oxide.
The method according to claim 12, wherein the conducting polymer is polyaniline or polypyrrole.
The method according to claim 12, wherein oxidant is selected from the group consisting of iron (III) salts, copper (II) salts, silver (I) salts, hydrogen peroxide, ammonium persulfate, and mixtures thereof.
The method according to claim 12, wherein polymerizing the monomers of the conducting polymer on the graphene-based material is carried out in the absence of light and at a temperature in the range of 0 ° C to 10 °C.
An electrode formed from a composite comprising a) a graphene-based material doped with nitrogen or having a nitrogen-containing species selected from the group consisting of an amine group, an amide group, and a nitrile group directly grafted to a graphitic carbon atom that forms part of a ring structure of the graphene-based material, and b) a coating consisting of a conducting polymer formed directly on a surface of the graphene-based material, wherein the composite comprises 1 to 10 wt% of the conducting polymer. 5 of 9
Layer stacks claimed or described, ordered top of device to substrate.
electrode
Materials described outside the worked examples.
nitrogen-doped graphene-based material
conducting polymer
graphene-based material with nitrogen-containing species grafted thereon
Additional fabrication and treatment steps described in the patent.
Measurements and analyses referenced in the patent, with their drawing references.
FIG. 2 are graphs depicting X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) survey scans 10 of (a) GO, RG, NG and NH 2 -G; (b) N l s spectrum of NH 2 -G; (c) C l s …
Performance values and ranges asserted in the specification or claims.
| Property | Value | Material |
|---|---|---|
capacitance of composite electrode | 500 F/g | nitrogen-doped graphene-based material |
Related documents with shared materials, methods, properties, or citations.
Patent
Atlas literature
Patent
US 9,734,954Patent drawings and their descriptions. Click a drawing to enlarge it.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing chemical structures of nitrogen-doped reduced graphene oxide (NG), amine modified reduced graphene oxide (NH 2 -G), …
FIG. 2 are graphs depicting X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) survey scans 10 of (a) GO, RG, NG and NH 2 -G; (b) N l s spectrum of NH 2 -G; (c) C l s …
FIG. 3 are cyclic voltammetry curves of primary amine modified graphene (NH 2- G) with different polypyrrole doping weight ratio from 1 to 80% PPy (Ppy denotes …
FIG. 4 shows scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images of (a) GO-PPy, (b) NG-PPy, (c) NH 2 G-PPy, and (d) RG-PPy. The scale bar in the figures denotes 1 pm. …
FIG. 5 are graphs showing cyclic voltammetry curves of (a) GO-PPy, (b) RG-PPy, (c) NH 2 -G-PPy, and (d) NG-PPy with scanning rates from 5 to 50 mVs 1 in 6 M …
FIG. 6 are graphs showing cyclic voltammetry curves of GO, RG, NG, and NH 2-G at 50 mV s 1 in 6M KOH electrolyte. [0019]
FIG. 7 depict graphs showing (a) comparison of CVs of GO, NG, NH 2 -G, and 25 RGO at a scan rate of 50 mV s-1; and (b) charge-discharge curves of GO-PPy and …
FIG. 8 depict graphs showing specific capacitance (F g " 1) of NH 2 -G, N-G, RG, GO (a) before, and (b) after loading of 10 % PPy with respect to the scan rate …
FIG. 9 depicts capacitance retention of NG-PPy and GO-PPy electrodes in first 540 charging/discharging cycles at a current density 0.26 A g -I. [0022]
FIG. 10 shows Impedance Nyquist plots of (a) NH₂-G-PPy, NG-PPy, and (b) GO- PPy, RGO- PPy electrodes between 100 kHz and 10 mHz at 10 mV signal level. Y-axis: …
FIG. 11 depicts graphs showing (a) cyclic voltammograms of asymmetric capacitor N-RG- O/PPy//N-RG-O cell taken at various scan rates 20 -450 mV s-; wherein y- …
FIG. 12 depicts Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) spectra of (a) G- O and RG-O; and (b) NH₂-RG-O and N-RG-O. Y-axis: transmittance (a.u.); …
FIG. 13 depicts Near Edge X-Ray Absorption Fine Structure (NEXAFS) spectra at the C K edge of G-O, RG-O, NH₂-RG-O, and N-RG-O. The spectrum of graphite is also …
FIG. 14 depicts graphs showing cyclic volta m mograms of (a) GO-PAN i, (b) NG- 20 PAN i, (c) NH₂-G-PAN i, and (d) RG-PANi recorded at different scan rate from 2 …
FIG. 15 depicts graphs showing specific capacitance of different surface functionalized graphene (a) before and (b) after loading of 10 wt% PANi as a function of …
FIG. 16 depicts graphs showing cyclic-life data of (a) RG-PANi electrode; and (b) NH₂-G- PANi. The specific capacitance is calculated from CV curves at a scan …
FIG. 17 is a process scheme illustrating that amine functional groups in NH 2 -RG- O react with protons to produce imine or protonated amine, while the …
FIG. 18 shows electrochemical impedance plots of G-O/PAN i, N-RG-O/PAN i, 5 NH 2-RG-O/PAN i, and RG-O/PAN i. Y-axis: Z" (ohm); x-axis: Z' (ohm). The spectra …
FIG. 19 depicts graphs of (a) CVs taken at various scan rates 10 -500 mV s ' (Y- axis: current density (Ag -'); x-axis: voltage (V)); and (b) galvanostatic …
FIG. 20 depicts graphs showing specific capacitance of N H₂ -G, RG, GO and N-G 15 before (light gray) and after (black) loading of (a) 10 wt % PAN i; and (b) 10 …
Claims define the patent's legal scope. Independent claims stand alone; dependent claims (nested) narrow them. Click a claim to expand its dependents.
A composite comprising a conducting polymer and a graphene- based material, the composite comprising a) a graphene-based material doped with nitrogen or having a nitrogen-containing species selected from the group consisting of an amine group, an amide group, and a nitrile group directly grafted to a graphitic carbon atom that forms part of a ring structure of the graphene-based material, and b) a coating consisting of the conducting polymer formed directly on a surface of the graphene-based material, wherein the composite comprises 1 to 10 wt% of the conducting polymer.
The composite according to claim 1, wherein the graphene-based material comprises reduced graphene oxide.
The composite according to claim 1, wherein the nitrogen in the graphene- based material doped with nitrogen is pyridinic-N, pyrrolic-N, graphitic-N, or mixtures thereof.
The composite according to claim 1, wherein the nitrogen- containing species is -N-Han amine group.
The composite according to claim 1, wherein the conducting polymer is selected from the group consisting of polyaniline, polypyrrole, polythiophene, poly(phenylenevinylene), poly(phenylene sulfide), polydiphenylamine, polythienylenevinylene, bithiophene, polyethylenedioxythiophene, polytriazine, polyacetylene, derivatives thereof, and mixtures thereof. 2 of 9 Appl. No.: 14/034,888 Amdt. dated Attorney Docket No.: 055514/438234 Reply to Advisory Action of
The composite according to claim 1, wherein the conducting polymer is polyaniline or polypyrrole.
The composite according to claim 1, wherein the coating consisting of the conducting polymer has a thickness that is at least substantially uniform.
The composite according to claim 1, wherein the graphene-based material comprises reduced graphene oxide doped with nitrogen and the conducting polymer comprises polypyrrole.
The composite according to claim 1, wherein the graphene-based material comprises reduced graphene oxide grafted with -NHaan amine group and the conducting polymer comprises polyaniline.
canceled
canceled
A method of preparing a composite comprising a conducting polymer and a graphene-based material, the method comprising a) providing a graphene-based material doped with nitrogen or having a nitrogen- containing species selected from the group consisting of an amine group, an amide group, and a nitrile group directly grafted to a graphitic carbon atom that forms part of a ring structure of the graphene-based material, b) contacting the graphene-based material with a solution comprising monomers of the conducting polymer; and c) polymerizing the monomers of the conducting polymer on the graphene-based material in the presence of an oxidant to form a coating of the conducting polymer 3 of 9 Appl. No.: 14/034,888 Amdt. dated Attorney Docket No.: 055514/438234 Reply to Advisory Action of directly on a surface of the graphene-based material, wherein the composite comprises 1 to 10 wt% of the conducting polymer.
The method according to claim 12, wherein providing the graphene-based material doped with nitrogen comprises annealing a graphene-based material in an environment consisting essentially of an inert gas and ammonia.
The method according to claim 12, wherein providing the graphene-based material having a nitrogen-containing species grafted thereon comprises a) dispersing a graphene-based material in a solution comprising a reducing agent to form a first suspension; b) adding a solution comprising a nitrogen-containing species to the first suspension to form a second suspension; and c) subjecting the second suspension to a solvothermal process to graft the nitrogen- containing species on the graphene-based material.
The method according to claim 12, wherein the graphene-based material doped with nitrogen or having a nitrogen-containing species grafted thereon comprises reduced graphene oxide.
The method according to claim 12, wherein the conducting polymer is polyaniline or polypyrrole.
The method according to claim 12, wherein oxidant is selected from the group consisting of iron (III) salts, copper (II) salts, silver (I) salts, hydrogen peroxide, ammonium persulfate, and mixtures thereof.
The method according to claim 12, wherein polymerizing the monomers of the conducting polymer on the graphene-based material is carried out in the absence of light and at a temperature in the range of 0 ° C to 10 °C.
An electrode formed from a composite comprising a) a graphene-based material doped with nitrogen or having a nitrogen-containing species selected from the group consisting of an amine group, an amide group, and a nitrile group directly grafted to a graphitic carbon atom that forms part of a ring structure of the graphene-based material, and b) a coating consisting of a conducting polymer formed directly on a surface of the graphene-based material, wherein the composite comprises 1 to 10 wt% of the conducting polymer. 5 of 9
Layer stacks claimed or described, ordered top of device to substrate.
electrode
Materials described outside the worked examples.
nitrogen-doped graphene-based material
conducting polymer
graphene-based material with nitrogen-containing species grafted thereon
Additional fabrication and treatment steps described in the patent.
Measurements and analyses referenced in the patent, with their drawing references.
FIG. 2 are graphs depicting X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) survey scans 10 of (a) GO, RG, NG and NH 2 -G; (b) N l s spectrum of NH 2 -G; (c) C l s …
Performance values and ranges asserted in the specification or claims.
| Property | Value | Material |
|---|---|---|
capacitance of composite electrode | 500 F/g | nitrogen-doped graphene-based material |
Related documents with shared materials, methods, properties, or citations.
Patent
Atlas literature
Patent
US 9,734,954Patent drawings and their descriptions. Click a drawing to enlarge it.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing chemical structures of nitrogen-doped reduced graphene oxide (NG), amine modified reduced graphene oxide (NH 2 -G), …
FIG. 2 are graphs depicting X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) survey scans 10 of (a) GO, RG, NG and NH 2 -G; (b) N l s spectrum of NH 2 -G; (c) C l s …
FIG. 3 are cyclic voltammetry curves of primary amine modified graphene (NH 2- G) with different polypyrrole doping weight ratio from 1 to 80% PPy (Ppy denotes …
FIG. 4 shows scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images of (a) GO-PPy, (b) NG-PPy, (c) NH 2 G-PPy, and (d) RG-PPy. The scale bar in the figures denotes 1 pm. …
FIG. 5 are graphs showing cyclic voltammetry curves of (a) GO-PPy, (b) RG-PPy, (c) NH 2 -G-PPy, and (d) NG-PPy with scanning rates from 5 to 50 mVs 1 in 6 M …
FIG. 6 are graphs showing cyclic voltammetry curves of GO, RG, NG, and NH 2-G at 50 mV s 1 in 6M KOH electrolyte. [0019]
FIG. 7 depict graphs showing (a) comparison of CVs of GO, NG, NH 2 -G, and 25 RGO at a scan rate of 50 mV s-1; and (b) charge-discharge curves of GO-PPy and …
FIG. 8 depict graphs showing specific capacitance (F g " 1) of NH 2 -G, N-G, RG, GO (a) before, and (b) after loading of 10 % PPy with respect to the scan rate …
FIG. 9 depicts capacitance retention of NG-PPy and GO-PPy electrodes in first 540 charging/discharging cycles at a current density 0.26 A g -I. [0022]
FIG. 10 shows Impedance Nyquist plots of (a) NH₂-G-PPy, NG-PPy, and (b) GO- PPy, RGO- PPy electrodes between 100 kHz and 10 mHz at 10 mV signal level. Y-axis: …
FIG. 11 depicts graphs showing (a) cyclic voltammograms of asymmetric capacitor N-RG- O/PPy//N-RG-O cell taken at various scan rates 20 -450 mV s-; wherein y- …
FIG. 12 depicts Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) spectra of (a) G- O and RG-O; and (b) NH₂-RG-O and N-RG-O. Y-axis: transmittance (a.u.); …
FIG. 13 depicts Near Edge X-Ray Absorption Fine Structure (NEXAFS) spectra at the C K edge of G-O, RG-O, NH₂-RG-O, and N-RG-O. The spectrum of graphite is also …
FIG. 14 depicts graphs showing cyclic volta m mograms of (a) GO-PAN i, (b) NG- 20 PAN i, (c) NH₂-G-PAN i, and (d) RG-PANi recorded at different scan rate from 2 …
FIG. 15 depicts graphs showing specific capacitance of different surface functionalized graphene (a) before and (b) after loading of 10 wt% PANi as a function of …
FIG. 16 depicts graphs showing cyclic-life data of (a) RG-PANi electrode; and (b) NH₂-G- PANi. The specific capacitance is calculated from CV curves at a scan …
FIG. 17 is a process scheme illustrating that amine functional groups in NH 2 -RG- O react with protons to produce imine or protonated amine, while the …
FIG. 18 shows electrochemical impedance plots of G-O/PAN i, N-RG-O/PAN i, 5 NH 2-RG-O/PAN i, and RG-O/PAN i. Y-axis: Z" (ohm); x-axis: Z' (ohm). The spectra …
FIG. 19 depicts graphs of (a) CVs taken at various scan rates 10 -500 mV s ' (Y- axis: current density (Ag -'); x-axis: voltage (V)); and (b) galvanostatic …
FIG. 20 depicts graphs showing specific capacitance of N H₂ -G, RG, GO and N-G 15 before (light gray) and after (black) loading of (a) 10 wt % PAN i; and (b) 10 …
Claims define the patent's legal scope. Independent claims stand alone; dependent claims (nested) narrow them. Click a claim to expand its dependents.
A composite comprising a conducting polymer and a graphene- based material, the composite comprising a) a graphene-based material doped with nitrogen or having a nitrogen-containing species selected from the group consisting of an amine group, an amide group, and a nitrile group directly grafted to a graphitic carbon atom that forms part of a ring structure of the graphene-based material, and b) a coating consisting of the conducting polymer formed directly on a surface of the graphene-based material, wherein the composite comprises 1 to 10 wt% of the conducting polymer.
The composite according to claim 1, wherein the graphene-based material comprises reduced graphene oxide.
The composite according to claim 1, wherein the nitrogen in the graphene- based material doped with nitrogen is pyridinic-N, pyrrolic-N, graphitic-N, or mixtures thereof.
The composite according to claim 1, wherein the nitrogen- containing species is -N-Han amine group.
The composite according to claim 1, wherein the conducting polymer is selected from the group consisting of polyaniline, polypyrrole, polythiophene, poly(phenylenevinylene), poly(phenylene sulfide), polydiphenylamine, polythienylenevinylene, bithiophene, polyethylenedioxythiophene, polytriazine, polyacetylene, derivatives thereof, and mixtures thereof. 2 of 9 Appl. No.: 14/034,888 Amdt. dated Attorney Docket No.: 055514/438234 Reply to Advisory Action of
The composite according to claim 1, wherein the conducting polymer is polyaniline or polypyrrole.
The composite according to claim 1, wherein the coating consisting of the conducting polymer has a thickness that is at least substantially uniform.
The composite according to claim 1, wherein the graphene-based material comprises reduced graphene oxide doped with nitrogen and the conducting polymer comprises polypyrrole.
The composite according to claim 1, wherein the graphene-based material comprises reduced graphene oxide grafted with -NHaan amine group and the conducting polymer comprises polyaniline.
canceled
canceled
A method of preparing a composite comprising a conducting polymer and a graphene-based material, the method comprising a) providing a graphene-based material doped with nitrogen or having a nitrogen- containing species selected from the group consisting of an amine group, an amide group, and a nitrile group directly grafted to a graphitic carbon atom that forms part of a ring structure of the graphene-based material, b) contacting the graphene-based material with a solution comprising monomers of the conducting polymer; and c) polymerizing the monomers of the conducting polymer on the graphene-based material in the presence of an oxidant to form a coating of the conducting polymer 3 of 9 Appl. No.: 14/034,888 Amdt. dated Attorney Docket No.: 055514/438234 Reply to Advisory Action of directly on a surface of the graphene-based material, wherein the composite comprises 1 to 10 wt% of the conducting polymer.
The method according to claim 12, wherein providing the graphene-based material doped with nitrogen comprises annealing a graphene-based material in an environment consisting essentially of an inert gas and ammonia.
The method according to claim 12, wherein providing the graphene-based material having a nitrogen-containing species grafted thereon comprises a) dispersing a graphene-based material in a solution comprising a reducing agent to form a first suspension; b) adding a solution comprising a nitrogen-containing species to the first suspension to form a second suspension; and c) subjecting the second suspension to a solvothermal process to graft the nitrogen- containing species on the graphene-based material.
The method according to claim 12, wherein the graphene-based material doped with nitrogen or having a nitrogen-containing species grafted thereon comprises reduced graphene oxide.
The method according to claim 12, wherein the conducting polymer is polyaniline or polypyrrole.
The method according to claim 12, wherein oxidant is selected from the group consisting of iron (III) salts, copper (II) salts, silver (I) salts, hydrogen peroxide, ammonium persulfate, and mixtures thereof.
The method according to claim 12, wherein polymerizing the monomers of the conducting polymer on the graphene-based material is carried out in the absence of light and at a temperature in the range of 0 ° C to 10 °C.
An electrode formed from a composite comprising a) a graphene-based material doped with nitrogen or having a nitrogen-containing species selected from the group consisting of an amine group, an amide group, and a nitrile group directly grafted to a graphitic carbon atom that forms part of a ring structure of the graphene-based material, and b) a coating consisting of a conducting polymer formed directly on a surface of the graphene-based material, wherein the composite comprises 1 to 10 wt% of the conducting polymer. 5 of 9
Layer stacks claimed or described, ordered top of device to substrate.
electrode
Materials described outside the worked examples.
nitrogen-doped graphene-based material
conducting polymer
graphene-based material with nitrogen-containing species grafted thereon
Additional fabrication and treatment steps described in the patent.
Measurements and analyses referenced in the patent, with their drawing references.
FIG. 2 are graphs depicting X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) survey scans 10 of (a) GO, RG, NG and NH 2 -G; (b) N l s spectrum of NH 2 -G; (c) C l s …
Performance values and ranges asserted in the specification or claims.
| Property | Value | Material |
|---|---|---|
capacitance of composite electrode | 500 F/g | nitrogen-doped graphene-based material |
Related documents with shared materials, methods, properties, or citations.
Patent
Atlas literature
Patent
US 9,734,954Patent drawings and their descriptions. Click a drawing to enlarge it.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing chemical structures of nitrogen-doped reduced graphene oxide (NG), amine modified reduced graphene oxide (NH 2 -G), …
FIG. 2 are graphs depicting X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) survey scans 10 of (a) GO, RG, NG and NH 2 -G; (b) N l s spectrum of NH 2 -G; (c) C l s …
FIG. 3 are cyclic voltammetry curves of primary amine modified graphene (NH 2- G) with different polypyrrole doping weight ratio from 1 to 80% PPy (Ppy denotes …
FIG. 4 shows scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images of (a) GO-PPy, (b) NG-PPy, (c) NH 2 G-PPy, and (d) RG-PPy. The scale bar in the figures denotes 1 pm. …
FIG. 5 are graphs showing cyclic voltammetry curves of (a) GO-PPy, (b) RG-PPy, (c) NH 2 -G-PPy, and (d) NG-PPy with scanning rates from 5 to 50 mVs 1 in 6 M …
FIG. 6 are graphs showing cyclic voltammetry curves of GO, RG, NG, and NH 2-G at 50 mV s 1 in 6M KOH electrolyte. [0019]
FIG. 7 depict graphs showing (a) comparison of CVs of GO, NG, NH 2 -G, and 25 RGO at a scan rate of 50 mV s-1; and (b) charge-discharge curves of GO-PPy and …
FIG. 8 depict graphs showing specific capacitance (F g " 1) of NH 2 -G, N-G, RG, GO (a) before, and (b) after loading of 10 % PPy with respect to the scan rate …
FIG. 9 depicts capacitance retention of NG-PPy and GO-PPy electrodes in first 540 charging/discharging cycles at a current density 0.26 A g -I. [0022]
FIG. 10 shows Impedance Nyquist plots of (a) NH₂-G-PPy, NG-PPy, and (b) GO- PPy, RGO- PPy electrodes between 100 kHz and 10 mHz at 10 mV signal level. Y-axis: …
FIG. 11 depicts graphs showing (a) cyclic voltammograms of asymmetric capacitor N-RG- O/PPy//N-RG-O cell taken at various scan rates 20 -450 mV s-; wherein y- …
FIG. 12 depicts Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) spectra of (a) G- O and RG-O; and (b) NH₂-RG-O and N-RG-O. Y-axis: transmittance (a.u.); …
FIG. 13 depicts Near Edge X-Ray Absorption Fine Structure (NEXAFS) spectra at the C K edge of G-O, RG-O, NH₂-RG-O, and N-RG-O. The spectrum of graphite is also …
FIG. 14 depicts graphs showing cyclic volta m mograms of (a) GO-PAN i, (b) NG- 20 PAN i, (c) NH₂-G-PAN i, and (d) RG-PANi recorded at different scan rate from 2 …
FIG. 15 depicts graphs showing specific capacitance of different surface functionalized graphene (a) before and (b) after loading of 10 wt% PANi as a function of …
FIG. 16 depicts graphs showing cyclic-life data of (a) RG-PANi electrode; and (b) NH₂-G- PANi. The specific capacitance is calculated from CV curves at a scan …
FIG. 17 is a process scheme illustrating that amine functional groups in NH 2 -RG- O react with protons to produce imine or protonated amine, while the …
FIG. 18 shows electrochemical impedance plots of G-O/PAN i, N-RG-O/PAN i, 5 NH 2-RG-O/PAN i, and RG-O/PAN i. Y-axis: Z" (ohm); x-axis: Z' (ohm). The spectra …
FIG. 19 depicts graphs of (a) CVs taken at various scan rates 10 -500 mV s ' (Y- axis: current density (Ag -'); x-axis: voltage (V)); and (b) galvanostatic …
FIG. 20 depicts graphs showing specific capacitance of N H₂ -G, RG, GO and N-G 15 before (light gray) and after (black) loading of (a) 10 wt % PAN i; and (b) 10 …
Claims define the patent's legal scope. Independent claims stand alone; dependent claims (nested) narrow them. Click a claim to expand its dependents.
A composite comprising a conducting polymer and a graphene- based material, the composite comprising a) a graphene-based material doped with nitrogen or having a nitrogen-containing species selected from the group consisting of an amine group, an amide group, and a nitrile group directly grafted to a graphitic carbon atom that forms part of a ring structure of the graphene-based material, and b) a coating consisting of the conducting polymer formed directly on a surface of the graphene-based material, wherein the composite comprises 1 to 10 wt% of the conducting polymer.
The composite according to claim 1, wherein the graphene-based material comprises reduced graphene oxide.
The composite according to claim 1, wherein the nitrogen in the graphene- based material doped with nitrogen is pyridinic-N, pyrrolic-N, graphitic-N, or mixtures thereof.
The composite according to claim 1, wherein the nitrogen- containing species is -N-Han amine group.
The composite according to claim 1, wherein the conducting polymer is selected from the group consisting of polyaniline, polypyrrole, polythiophene, poly(phenylenevinylene), poly(phenylene sulfide), polydiphenylamine, polythienylenevinylene, bithiophene, polyethylenedioxythiophene, polytriazine, polyacetylene, derivatives thereof, and mixtures thereof. 2 of 9 Appl. No.: 14/034,888 Amdt. dated Attorney Docket No.: 055514/438234 Reply to Advisory Action of
The composite according to claim 1, wherein the conducting polymer is polyaniline or polypyrrole.
The composite according to claim 1, wherein the coating consisting of the conducting polymer has a thickness that is at least substantially uniform.
The composite according to claim 1, wherein the graphene-based material comprises reduced graphene oxide doped with nitrogen and the conducting polymer comprises polypyrrole.
The composite according to claim 1, wherein the graphene-based material comprises reduced graphene oxide grafted with -NHaan amine group and the conducting polymer comprises polyaniline.
canceled
canceled
A method of preparing a composite comprising a conducting polymer and a graphene-based material, the method comprising a) providing a graphene-based material doped with nitrogen or having a nitrogen- containing species selected from the group consisting of an amine group, an amide group, and a nitrile group directly grafted to a graphitic carbon atom that forms part of a ring structure of the graphene-based material, b) contacting the graphene-based material with a solution comprising monomers of the conducting polymer; and c) polymerizing the monomers of the conducting polymer on the graphene-based material in the presence of an oxidant to form a coating of the conducting polymer 3 of 9 Appl. No.: 14/034,888 Amdt. dated Attorney Docket No.: 055514/438234 Reply to Advisory Action of directly on a surface of the graphene-based material, wherein the composite comprises 1 to 10 wt% of the conducting polymer.
The method according to claim 12, wherein providing the graphene-based material doped with nitrogen comprises annealing a graphene-based material in an environment consisting essentially of an inert gas and ammonia.
The method according to claim 12, wherein providing the graphene-based material having a nitrogen-containing species grafted thereon comprises a) dispersing a graphene-based material in a solution comprising a reducing agent to form a first suspension; b) adding a solution comprising a nitrogen-containing species to the first suspension to form a second suspension; and c) subjecting the second suspension to a solvothermal process to graft the nitrogen- containing species on the graphene-based material.
The method according to claim 12, wherein the graphene-based material doped with nitrogen or having a nitrogen-containing species grafted thereon comprises reduced graphene oxide.
The method according to claim 12, wherein the conducting polymer is polyaniline or polypyrrole.
The method according to claim 12, wherein oxidant is selected from the group consisting of iron (III) salts, copper (II) salts, silver (I) salts, hydrogen peroxide, ammonium persulfate, and mixtures thereof.
The method according to claim 12, wherein polymerizing the monomers of the conducting polymer on the graphene-based material is carried out in the absence of light and at a temperature in the range of 0 ° C to 10 °C.
An electrode formed from a composite comprising a) a graphene-based material doped with nitrogen or having a nitrogen-containing species selected from the group consisting of an amine group, an amide group, and a nitrile group directly grafted to a graphitic carbon atom that forms part of a ring structure of the graphene-based material, and b) a coating consisting of a conducting polymer formed directly on a surface of the graphene-based material, wherein the composite comprises 1 to 10 wt% of the conducting polymer. 5 of 9
Layer stacks claimed or described, ordered top of device to substrate.
electrode
Materials described outside the worked examples.
nitrogen-doped graphene-based material
conducting polymer
graphene-based material with nitrogen-containing species grafted thereon
Additional fabrication and treatment steps described in the patent.
Measurements and analyses referenced in the patent, with their drawing references.
FIG. 2 are graphs depicting X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) survey scans 10 of (a) GO, RG, NG and NH 2 -G; (b) N l s spectrum of NH 2 -G; (c) C l s …
Performance values and ranges asserted in the specification or claims.
| Property | Value | Material |
|---|---|---|
capacitance of composite electrode | 500 F/g | nitrogen-doped graphene-based material |
Related documents with shared materials, methods, properties, or citations.
reduced graphene oxide
polyaniline
polypyrrole
nitrogen-doped reduced graphene oxide
reduced graphene oxide grafted with amine group (-NH₂)
ethylene glycol
C₂H₆O₂
graphene
graphene oxide
FIG. 4 shows scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images of (a) GO-PPy, (b) NG-PPy, (c) NH 2 G-PPy, and (d) RG-PPy. The scale bar in the figures denotes 1 pm. …
FIG. 9 depicts capacitance retention of NG-PPy and GO-PPy electrodes in first 540 charging/discharging cycles at a current density 0.26 A g -I. [0022]
FIG. 11 depicts graphs showing (a) cyclic voltammograms of asymmetric capacitor N-RG- O/PPy//N-RG-O cell taken at various scan rates 20 -450 mV s-; wherein y- …
FIG. 12 depicts Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) spectra of (a) G- O and RG-O; and (b) NH₂-RG-O and N-RG-O. Y-axis: transmittance (a.u.); …
FIG. 13 depicts Near Edge X-Ray Absorption Fine Structure (NEXAFS) spectra at the C K edge of G-O, RG-O, NH₂-RG-O, and N-RG-O. The spectrum of graphite is also …
FIG. 14 depicts graphs showing cyclic volta m mograms of (a) GO-PAN i, (b) NG- 20 PAN i, (c) NH₂-G-PAN i, and (d) RG-PANi recorded at different scan rate from 2 …
FIG. 19 depicts graphs of (a) CVs taken at various scan rates 10 -500 mV s ' (Y- axis: current density (Ag -'); x-axis: voltage (V)); and (b) galvanostatic …
Voltage | 0–1.25 V | — |
— | 286–290 eV | — |
Thickness | 1–10 nm | — |
Thickness | 2–4 nm | — |
Temperature | 200–1000 °C | — |
Temperature | 200–800 °C | — |
Temperature | 200–600 °C | — |
Temperature | 200–400 °C | — |
Temperature | 400–600 °C | — |
Temperature | 500–700 °C | — |
Temperature | 600–1000 °C | — |
Temperature | 500–600 °C | — |
Temperature | 100–250 °C | — |
Temperature | 80–200 °C | — |
Temperature | 100–200 °C | — |
Temperature | 100–150 °C | — |
Temperature | 150–200 °C | — |
Temperature | 0–8 °C | — |
Temperature | 0–4 °C | — |
Temperature | 0.01–100 K | — |
Thickness | 2800–2980 cm | — |
— | 295–315 eV | — |
Voltage | ≤ 1 V | — |
Temperature | 80–250 °C | — |
Temperature | 0–10 °C | — |
reduced graphene oxide
polyaniline
polypyrrole
nitrogen-doped reduced graphene oxide
reduced graphene oxide grafted with amine group (-NH₂)
ethylene glycol
C₂H₆O₂
graphene
graphene oxide
FIG. 4 shows scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images of (a) GO-PPy, (b) NG-PPy, (c) NH 2 G-PPy, and (d) RG-PPy. The scale bar in the figures denotes 1 pm. …
FIG. 9 depicts capacitance retention of NG-PPy and GO-PPy electrodes in first 540 charging/discharging cycles at a current density 0.26 A g -I. [0022]
FIG. 11 depicts graphs showing (a) cyclic voltammograms of asymmetric capacitor N-RG- O/PPy//N-RG-O cell taken at various scan rates 20 -450 mV s-; wherein y- …
FIG. 12 depicts Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) spectra of (a) G- O and RG-O; and (b) NH₂-RG-O and N-RG-O. Y-axis: transmittance (a.u.); …
FIG. 13 depicts Near Edge X-Ray Absorption Fine Structure (NEXAFS) spectra at the C K edge of G-O, RG-O, NH₂-RG-O, and N-RG-O. The spectrum of graphite is also …
FIG. 14 depicts graphs showing cyclic volta m mograms of (a) GO-PAN i, (b) NG- 20 PAN i, (c) NH₂-G-PAN i, and (d) RG-PANi recorded at different scan rate from 2 …
FIG. 19 depicts graphs of (a) CVs taken at various scan rates 10 -500 mV s ' (Y- axis: current density (Ag -'); x-axis: voltage (V)); and (b) galvanostatic …
Voltage | 0–1.25 V | — |
— | 286–290 eV | — |
Thickness | 1–10 nm | — |
Thickness | 2–4 nm | — |
Temperature | 200–1000 °C | — |
Temperature | 200–800 °C | — |
Temperature | 200–600 °C | — |
Temperature | 200–400 °C | — |
Temperature | 400–600 °C | — |
Temperature | 500–700 °C | — |
Temperature | 600–1000 °C | — |
Temperature | 500–600 °C | — |
Temperature | 100–250 °C | — |
Temperature | 80–200 °C | — |
Temperature | 100–200 °C | — |
Temperature | 100–150 °C | — |
Temperature | 150–200 °C | — |
Temperature | 0–8 °C | — |
Temperature | 0–4 °C | — |
Temperature | 0.01–100 K | — |
Thickness | 2800–2980 cm | — |
— | 295–315 eV | — |
Voltage | ≤ 1 V | — |
Temperature | 80–250 °C | — |
Temperature | 0–10 °C | — |
reduced graphene oxide
polyaniline
polypyrrole
nitrogen-doped reduced graphene oxide
reduced graphene oxide grafted with amine group (-NH₂)
ethylene glycol
C₂H₆O₂
graphene
graphene oxide
FIG. 4 shows scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images of (a) GO-PPy, (b) NG-PPy, (c) NH 2 G-PPy, and (d) RG-PPy. The scale bar in the figures denotes 1 pm. …
FIG. 9 depicts capacitance retention of NG-PPy and GO-PPy electrodes in first 540 charging/discharging cycles at a current density 0.26 A g -I. [0022]
FIG. 11 depicts graphs showing (a) cyclic voltammograms of asymmetric capacitor N-RG- O/PPy//N-RG-O cell taken at various scan rates 20 -450 mV s-; wherein y- …
FIG. 12 depicts Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) spectra of (a) G- O and RG-O; and (b) NH₂-RG-O and N-RG-O. Y-axis: transmittance (a.u.); …
FIG. 13 depicts Near Edge X-Ray Absorption Fine Structure (NEXAFS) spectra at the C K edge of G-O, RG-O, NH₂-RG-O, and N-RG-O. The spectrum of graphite is also …
FIG. 14 depicts graphs showing cyclic volta m mograms of (a) GO-PAN i, (b) NG- 20 PAN i, (c) NH₂-G-PAN i, and (d) RG-PANi recorded at different scan rate from 2 …
FIG. 19 depicts graphs of (a) CVs taken at various scan rates 10 -500 mV s ' (Y- axis: current density (Ag -'); x-axis: voltage (V)); and (b) galvanostatic …
Voltage | 0–1.25 V | — |
— | 286–290 eV | — |
Thickness | 1–10 nm | — |
Thickness | 2–4 nm | — |
Temperature | 200–1000 °C | — |
Temperature | 200–800 °C | — |
Temperature | 200–600 °C | — |
Temperature | 200–400 °C | — |
Temperature | 400–600 °C | — |
Temperature | 500–700 °C | — |
Temperature | 600–1000 °C | — |
Temperature | 500–600 °C | — |
Temperature | 100–250 °C | — |
Temperature | 80–200 °C | — |
Temperature | 100–200 °C | — |
Temperature | 100–150 °C | — |
Temperature | 150–200 °C | — |
Temperature | 0–8 °C | — |
Temperature | 0–4 °C | — |
Temperature | 0.01–100 K | — |
Thickness | 2800–2980 cm | — |
— | 295–315 eV | — |
Voltage | ≤ 1 V | — |
Temperature | 80–250 °C | — |
Temperature | 0–10 °C | — |
reduced graphene oxide
polyaniline
polypyrrole
nitrogen-doped reduced graphene oxide
reduced graphene oxide grafted with amine group (-NH₂)
ethylene glycol
C₂H₆O₂
graphene
graphene oxide
FIG. 4 shows scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images of (a) GO-PPy, (b) NG-PPy, (c) NH 2 G-PPy, and (d) RG-PPy. The scale bar in the figures denotes 1 pm. …
FIG. 9 depicts capacitance retention of NG-PPy and GO-PPy electrodes in first 540 charging/discharging cycles at a current density 0.26 A g -I. [0022]
FIG. 11 depicts graphs showing (a) cyclic voltammograms of asymmetric capacitor N-RG- O/PPy//N-RG-O cell taken at various scan rates 20 -450 mV s-; wherein y- …
FIG. 12 depicts Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) spectra of (a) G- O and RG-O; and (b) NH₂-RG-O and N-RG-O. Y-axis: transmittance (a.u.); …
FIG. 13 depicts Near Edge X-Ray Absorption Fine Structure (NEXAFS) spectra at the C K edge of G-O, RG-O, NH₂-RG-O, and N-RG-O. The spectrum of graphite is also …
FIG. 14 depicts graphs showing cyclic volta m mograms of (a) GO-PAN i, (b) NG- 20 PAN i, (c) NH₂-G-PAN i, and (d) RG-PANi recorded at different scan rate from 2 …
FIG. 19 depicts graphs of (a) CVs taken at various scan rates 10 -500 mV s ' (Y- axis: current density (Ag -'); x-axis: voltage (V)); and (b) galvanostatic …
Voltage | 0–1.25 V | — |
— | 286–290 eV | — |
Thickness | 1–10 nm | — |
Thickness | 2–4 nm | — |
Temperature | 200–1000 °C | — |
Temperature | 200–800 °C | — |
Temperature | 200–600 °C | — |
Temperature | 200–400 °C | — |
Temperature | 400–600 °C | — |
Temperature | 500–700 °C | — |
Temperature | 600–1000 °C | — |
Temperature | 500–600 °C | — |
Temperature | 100–250 °C | — |
Temperature | 80–200 °C | — |
Temperature | 100–200 °C | — |
Temperature | 100–150 °C | — |
Temperature | 150–200 °C | — |
Temperature | 0–8 °C | — |
Temperature | 0–4 °C | — |
Temperature | 0.01–100 K | — |
Thickness | 2800–2980 cm | — |
— | 295–315 eV | — |
Voltage | ≤ 1 V | — |
Temperature | 80–250 °C | — |
Temperature | 0–10 °C | — |