WAFER-SCALE SEPARATION AND TRANSFER OF GaN MATERIAL | Matter42 Literature
Patent
Atlas literature
Patent
US 12,568,716 B2
WAFER-SCALE SEPARATION AND TRANSFER OF GaN MATERIAL
Francis J. Kub, Andrew D. Koehler, Travis J. Anderson, Karl D. Hobart et al.
The Government of the United States of America, as represented by the Secretary of the Navy, Arlington, VA (US)·Mar. 3, 2026·US
Drawings
Patent drawings and their descriptions. Click a drawing to enlarge it.
FIG. 1
process tool top view
FIG. 1A is a cross-sectional side view of a gallium nitride 10 (GaN) engineered wafer in an initial stage accordance with embodiments of the invention in …
FIG. 2
apparatus side view
FIG. 2B with the non-crystalline 55 substrate layer removed and an metal layer attached to the bottom side of the GaN material layer in accordance with …
FIG. 3
process tool top view
FIG. 3A is a top view of the GaN engineered wafer of
FIG. 4
FIGS. 4A-4B show a flowchart of an exemplary method in accordance with aspects of the present invention in accordance with embodiments of the invention.
FIG. 5
apparatus side view
FIG. 5 is a side view of a first exemplary GaN device made in accordance with embodiments of the invention.
FIG. 6
apparatus side view
FIG. 6A is a side view of a second exemplary GaN device made in accordance with embodiments of the invention.
FIG. 7
apparatus side view
FIG. 7 is a side view of a fifth exemplary GaN device made in accordance with embodiments of the invention.
FIG. 8
apparatus side view
FIG. 8 is a side view of a sixth exemplary GaN device made in accordance with embodiments of the invention.
FIG. 9
apparatus side view
FIG. 9 is a side view of an exemplary light emitting GaN device made in accordance with embodiments of the inven- tion.
FIG. 25
FIG. 25 1D, depicting individual die portions interconnected by the tether material layer in accordance with embodiments of the invention.
Claims
Claims define the patent's legal scope. Independent claims stand alone; dependent claims (nested) narrow them. Click a claim to expand its dependents.
4 independent · 15 dependent
1
IndependentGaNnon-crystalline substratenucleation layerSietchable material layerGaN device die
A wafer-scale method of making a gallium nitride (GaN) device die comprising: providing a GaN wafer including a GaN material layer, a non-crystalline substrate, and at least one etchable intermediate layer between the GaN material layer and the non-crystalline substrate, wherein the at least one etchable intermediate layer comprises a nucleation layer, a silicon material layer, and an etchable material layer; forming trenches through the GaN material layer and at least partially through the at least one etchable intermediate layer; forming one or more tether material layers on a first side of the GaN material layer and through portions of the trenches, thereby forming a set of tethers between the GaN material layer and the non-crystalline substrate; and removing the at least one etchable intermediate layer to expose a second side of the GaN material layer.
2
Dependent← claim 1GaN
The method of claim 1, further comprising depositing at least one additional layer directly on the second side of the GaN material layer.
4
Dependent← claim 1nucleation layerSi
The method of claim 1, wherein removing the at least one etchable intermediate layer comprises removing the nucleation layer and the silicon material layer via etching.
5
Dependent← claim 1etchable material layer
The method of claim 1, wherein the etchable material layer is a hydrofluoric acid etchable material layer, the one or more tether material layers are resistant to hydrofluoric acid, and removing the hydrofluoric acid etchable material layer comprises etching with hydrofluoric acid.
6
Dependent← claim 1etchable material layer
The method of claim 1, wherein the etchable material layer is an anhydrous hydrofluoric vapor etchable material, the tether material layer is resistant to anhydrous hydroflu-oric vapor, and removing the anhydrous hydrofluoric acid etchable material layer comprises etching with anhydrous hydrofluoric vapor.
8
Dependent← claim 1protective layer
The method of claim 1, further comprising depositing a protective layer over at least a portion of a top of the GaN wafer, wherein the protective layer protects against hydro-fluoric acid etching, hydrofluoric acid plus oleum etching, or anhydrous hydrofluoric vapor etching.
9
Dependent← claim 1GaNGaN device die
The method of claim 1, wherein the GaN material layer comprises one or more device elements in contact therewith.
10
Dependent← claim 1photoresist layer
The method of claim 1, wherein the one or more tether material layers comprises a first tether material layer defin-ing a first set of tethers between the GaN material layer and the non-crystalline substrate and a photoresist layer forming a second set of tethers between the GaN material layer and the non-crystalline substrate.
11
Dependent← claim 1releasable adhesive material
The method of claim 1, further comprising attaching, by a releasable adhesive material, a wafer-scale carrier wafer package to the GaN wafer.
15
IndependentGaNnon-crystalline substrateGaN device die
A wafer-scale method of making a gallium nitride (GaN) device die comprising: providing a GaN wafer including a GaN material layer, a non-crystalline substrate, and at least one etchable intermediate layer between the GaN material layer and the non-crystalline substrate; forming trenches through the GaN material layer and at least partially through the at least one etchable intermediate layer; forming one or more tether material layers on a first side of the GaN material layer and through portions of the trenches, thereby forming a set of tethers between the GaN material layer and the non-crystalline substrate; removing the at least one etchable intermediate layer to expose a second side of the GaN material layer; and chemical mechanical polishing the second side of the GaN material layer, resulting in the second side of the GaN material layer having a surface roughness of less than 1 nanometers (nm) Root Mean Square (RMS).
16
IndependentGaNnon-crystalline substratereleasable adhesive materialGaN device die
A wafer-scale method of making a gallium nitride (GaN) device die comprising: providing a GaN wafer including a GaN material layer, a non-crystalline substrate, and at least one etchable intermediate layer between the GaN material layer and the non-crystalline substrate; forming trenches through the GaN material layer and at least partially through the at least one etchable intermediate layer; forming one or more tether material layers on a first side of the GaN material layer and through portions of the trenches, thereby forming a set of tethers between the GaN material layer and the non-crystalline substrate; removing the at least one etchable intermediate layer to expose a second side of the GaN material layer; and attaching, by a releasable adhesive material, a wafer-scale carrier wafer package to the GaN wafer; wherein the carrier wafer package includes a carrier wafer and a second releasable adhesive material, and wherein the releasable adhesive material attaches the carrier wafer to the GaN wafer through the second releasable adhesive material; and wherein the carrier wafer package further includes a laser release layer between the carrier wafer and the second releasable adhesive material, and the carrier wafer is transparent to laser light.
17
IndependentGaNnon-crystalline substratereleasable adhesive materialGaN device die
A wafer-scale method of making a gallium nitride (GaN) device die comprising: providing a GaN wafer including a GaN material layer, a non-crystalline substrate, and at least one etchable intermediate layer between the GaN material layer and the non-crystalline substrate; forming trenches through the GaN material layer and at least partially through the at least one etchable intermediate layer; forming one or more tether material layers on a first side of the GaN material layer and through portions of the trenches, thereby forming a set of tethers between the GaN material layer and the non-crystalline substrate; removing the at least one etchable intermediate layer to expose a second side of the GaN material layer; attaching, by a releasable adhesive material, a wafer-scale carrier wafer package to the GaN wafer; breaking or removing a portion of the set of tethers from the GaN wafer to separate the non-crystalline substrate from the GaN material layer; attaching an adhesive tape to a bottom side of the GaN wafer; and removing the carrier wafer package from the GaN mate-rial layer.
19
Dependent← claim 17
The method of claim 17, further comprising transfer-ring the GaN device die using a wafer-scale transfer method or a sequential wafer-scale transfer method. ∗ ∗ ∗ ∗ ∗
Device structures
Layer stacks claimed or described, ordered top of device to substrate.
GaN device die
GaNdevice layer
Sisilicon interlayer
nucleation layernucleation
etchable material layeretchable intermediate layers
non-crystalline substratesubstrate
Materials
Materials described outside the worked examples.
GaN material layer
GaN
Device Layer
non-crystalline substrate
Substrate
Process steps
Additional fabrication and treatment steps described in the patent.
1
Trench Formation
Step 1
Process details
description:Forming trenches through the GaN material layer and at least partially through the at least one etchable intermediate layer
Materials:GaNnucleation layer
Reported properties
Performance values and ranges asserted in the specification or claims.
Property
Value
Material
GaN material layer second side surface roughness after CMP
≤ 1 nm RMS
GaN
GaN material layer surface roughness (description embodiment)
≤ 0.5 nm RMS
Cited prior art
Patents and literature cited by this patent (applicant and examiner references).
Cited patents · 14
US 6,328,796 B16,328,796 B1 12/2001 Kub et al.
US 9,653,642 B19,653,642 B1 * 5/2017 Raring................. H10D 84/204examiner
US 9,761,754 B29,761,754 B2 9/2017 Bower et al.
US 9,991,413 B29,991,413 B2 6/2018 Bower et al.
US 10,458,038 B210,458,038 B2 10/2019 Zhang et al.
US 2010/0289124 A12010/0289124 A1 11/2010 Nuzzo et al.
Why these are connected
Related documents with shared materials, methods, properties, or citations.
WAFER-SCALE SEPARATION AND TRANSFER OF GaN MATERIAL
Francis J. Kub, Andrew D. Koehler, Travis J. Anderson, Karl D. Hobart et al.
The Government of the United States of America, as represented by the Secretary of the Navy, Arlington, VA (US)·Mar. 3, 2026·US
Drawings
Patent drawings and their descriptions. Click a drawing to enlarge it.
FIG. 1
process tool top view
FIG. 1A is a cross-sectional side view of a gallium nitride 10 (GaN) engineered wafer in an initial stage accordance with embodiments of the invention in …
FIG. 2
apparatus side view
FIG. 2B with the non-crystalline 55 substrate layer removed and an metal layer attached to the bottom side of the GaN material layer in accordance with …
FIG. 3
process tool top view
FIG. 3A is a top view of the GaN engineered wafer of
FIG. 4
FIGS. 4A-4B show a flowchart of an exemplary method in accordance with aspects of the present invention in accordance with embodiments of the invention.
FIG. 5
apparatus side view
FIG. 5 is a side view of a first exemplary GaN device made in accordance with embodiments of the invention.
FIG. 6
apparatus side view
FIG. 6A is a side view of a second exemplary GaN device made in accordance with embodiments of the invention.
FIG. 7
apparatus side view
FIG. 7 is a side view of a fifth exemplary GaN device made in accordance with embodiments of the invention.
FIG. 8
apparatus side view
FIG. 8 is a side view of a sixth exemplary GaN device made in accordance with embodiments of the invention.
FIG. 9
apparatus side view
FIG. 9 is a side view of an exemplary light emitting GaN device made in accordance with embodiments of the inven- tion.
FIG. 25
FIG. 25 1D, depicting individual die portions interconnected by the tether material layer in accordance with embodiments of the invention.
Claims
Claims define the patent's legal scope. Independent claims stand alone; dependent claims (nested) narrow them. Click a claim to expand its dependents.
4 independent · 15 dependent
1
IndependentGaNnon-crystalline substratenucleation layerSietchable material layerGaN device die
A wafer-scale method of making a gallium nitride (GaN) device die comprising: providing a GaN wafer including a GaN material layer, a non-crystalline substrate, and at least one etchable intermediate layer between the GaN material layer and the non-crystalline substrate, wherein the at least one etchable intermediate layer comprises a nucleation layer, a silicon material layer, and an etchable material layer; forming trenches through the GaN material layer and at least partially through the at least one etchable intermediate layer; forming one or more tether material layers on a first side of the GaN material layer and through portions of the trenches, thereby forming a set of tethers between the GaN material layer and the non-crystalline substrate; and removing the at least one etchable intermediate layer to expose a second side of the GaN material layer.
2
Dependent← claim 1GaN
The method of claim 1, further comprising depositing at least one additional layer directly on the second side of the GaN material layer.
4
Dependent← claim 1nucleation layerSi
The method of claim 1, wherein removing the at least one etchable intermediate layer comprises removing the nucleation layer and the silicon material layer via etching.
5
Dependent← claim 1etchable material layer
The method of claim 1, wherein the etchable material layer is a hydrofluoric acid etchable material layer, the one or more tether material layers are resistant to hydrofluoric acid, and removing the hydrofluoric acid etchable material layer comprises etching with hydrofluoric acid.
6
Dependent← claim 1etchable material layer
The method of claim 1, wherein the etchable material layer is an anhydrous hydrofluoric vapor etchable material, the tether material layer is resistant to anhydrous hydroflu-oric vapor, and removing the anhydrous hydrofluoric acid etchable material layer comprises etching with anhydrous hydrofluoric vapor.
8
Dependent← claim 1protective layer
The method of claim 1, further comprising depositing a protective layer over at least a portion of a top of the GaN wafer, wherein the protective layer protects against hydro-fluoric acid etching, hydrofluoric acid plus oleum etching, or anhydrous hydrofluoric vapor etching.
9
Dependent← claim 1GaNGaN device die
The method of claim 1, wherein the GaN material layer comprises one or more device elements in contact therewith.
10
Dependent← claim 1photoresist layer
The method of claim 1, wherein the one or more tether material layers comprises a first tether material layer defin-ing a first set of tethers between the GaN material layer and the non-crystalline substrate and a photoresist layer forming a second set of tethers between the GaN material layer and the non-crystalline substrate.
11
Dependent← claim 1releasable adhesive material
The method of claim 1, further comprising attaching, by a releasable adhesive material, a wafer-scale carrier wafer package to the GaN wafer.
15
IndependentGaNnon-crystalline substrateGaN device die
A wafer-scale method of making a gallium nitride (GaN) device die comprising: providing a GaN wafer including a GaN material layer, a non-crystalline substrate, and at least one etchable intermediate layer between the GaN material layer and the non-crystalline substrate; forming trenches through the GaN material layer and at least partially through the at least one etchable intermediate layer; forming one or more tether material layers on a first side of the GaN material layer and through portions of the trenches, thereby forming a set of tethers between the GaN material layer and the non-crystalline substrate; removing the at least one etchable intermediate layer to expose a second side of the GaN material layer; and chemical mechanical polishing the second side of the GaN material layer, resulting in the second side of the GaN material layer having a surface roughness of less than 1 nanometers (nm) Root Mean Square (RMS).
16
IndependentGaNnon-crystalline substratereleasable adhesive materialGaN device die
A wafer-scale method of making a gallium nitride (GaN) device die comprising: providing a GaN wafer including a GaN material layer, a non-crystalline substrate, and at least one etchable intermediate layer between the GaN material layer and the non-crystalline substrate; forming trenches through the GaN material layer and at least partially through the at least one etchable intermediate layer; forming one or more tether material layers on a first side of the GaN material layer and through portions of the trenches, thereby forming a set of tethers between the GaN material layer and the non-crystalline substrate; removing the at least one etchable intermediate layer to expose a second side of the GaN material layer; and attaching, by a releasable adhesive material, a wafer-scale carrier wafer package to the GaN wafer; wherein the carrier wafer package includes a carrier wafer and a second releasable adhesive material, and wherein the releasable adhesive material attaches the carrier wafer to the GaN wafer through the second releasable adhesive material; and wherein the carrier wafer package further includes a laser release layer between the carrier wafer and the second releasable adhesive material, and the carrier wafer is transparent to laser light.
17
IndependentGaNnon-crystalline substratereleasable adhesive materialGaN device die
A wafer-scale method of making a gallium nitride (GaN) device die comprising: providing a GaN wafer including a GaN material layer, a non-crystalline substrate, and at least one etchable intermediate layer between the GaN material layer and the non-crystalline substrate; forming trenches through the GaN material layer and at least partially through the at least one etchable intermediate layer; forming one or more tether material layers on a first side of the GaN material layer and through portions of the trenches, thereby forming a set of tethers between the GaN material layer and the non-crystalline substrate; removing the at least one etchable intermediate layer to expose a second side of the GaN material layer; attaching, by a releasable adhesive material, a wafer-scale carrier wafer package to the GaN wafer; breaking or removing a portion of the set of tethers from the GaN wafer to separate the non-crystalline substrate from the GaN material layer; attaching an adhesive tape to a bottom side of the GaN wafer; and removing the carrier wafer package from the GaN mate-rial layer.
19
Dependent← claim 17
The method of claim 17, further comprising transfer-ring the GaN device die using a wafer-scale transfer method or a sequential wafer-scale transfer method. ∗ ∗ ∗ ∗ ∗
Device structures
Layer stacks claimed or described, ordered top of device to substrate.
GaN device die
GaNdevice layer
Sisilicon interlayer
nucleation layernucleation
etchable material layeretchable intermediate layers
non-crystalline substratesubstrate
Materials
Materials described outside the worked examples.
GaN material layer
GaN
Device Layer
non-crystalline substrate
Substrate
Process steps
Additional fabrication and treatment steps described in the patent.
1
Trench Formation
Step 1
Process details
description:Forming trenches through the GaN material layer and at least partially through the at least one etchable intermediate layer
Materials:GaNnucleation layer
Reported properties
Performance values and ranges asserted in the specification or claims.
Property
Value
Material
GaN material layer second side surface roughness after CMP
≤ 1 nm RMS
GaN
GaN material layer surface roughness (description embodiment)
≤ 0.5 nm RMS
Cited prior art
Patents and literature cited by this patent (applicant and examiner references).
Cited patents · 14
US 6,328,796 B16,328,796 B1 12/2001 Kub et al.
US 9,653,642 B19,653,642 B1 * 5/2017 Raring................. H10D 84/204examiner
US 9,761,754 B29,761,754 B2 9/2017 Bower et al.
US 9,991,413 B29,991,413 B2 6/2018 Bower et al.
US 10,458,038 B210,458,038 B2 10/2019 Zhang et al.
US 2010/0289124 A12010/0289124 A1 11/2010 Nuzzo et al.
Why these are connected
Related documents with shared materials, methods, properties, or citations.
WAFER-SCALE SEPARATION AND TRANSFER OF GaN MATERIAL
Francis J. Kub, Andrew D. Koehler, Travis J. Anderson, Karl D. Hobart et al.
The Government of the United States of America, as represented by the Secretary of the Navy, Arlington, VA (US)·Mar. 3, 2026·US
Drawings
Patent drawings and their descriptions. Click a drawing to enlarge it.
FIG. 1
process tool top view
FIG. 1A is a cross-sectional side view of a gallium nitride 10 (GaN) engineered wafer in an initial stage accordance with embodiments of the invention in …
FIG. 2
apparatus side view
FIG. 2B with the non-crystalline 55 substrate layer removed and an metal layer attached to the bottom side of the GaN material layer in accordance with …
FIG. 3
process tool top view
FIG. 3A is a top view of the GaN engineered wafer of
FIG. 4
FIGS. 4A-4B show a flowchart of an exemplary method in accordance with aspects of the present invention in accordance with embodiments of the invention.
FIG. 5
apparatus side view
FIG. 5 is a side view of a first exemplary GaN device made in accordance with embodiments of the invention.
FIG. 6
apparatus side view
FIG. 6A is a side view of a second exemplary GaN device made in accordance with embodiments of the invention.
FIG. 7
apparatus side view
FIG. 7 is a side view of a fifth exemplary GaN device made in accordance with embodiments of the invention.
FIG. 8
apparatus side view
FIG. 8 is a side view of a sixth exemplary GaN device made in accordance with embodiments of the invention.
FIG. 9
apparatus side view
FIG. 9 is a side view of an exemplary light emitting GaN device made in accordance with embodiments of the inven- tion.
FIG. 25
FIG. 25 1D, depicting individual die portions interconnected by the tether material layer in accordance with embodiments of the invention.
Claims
Claims define the patent's legal scope. Independent claims stand alone; dependent claims (nested) narrow them. Click a claim to expand its dependents.
4 independent · 15 dependent
1
IndependentGaNnon-crystalline substratenucleation layerSietchable material layerGaN device die
A wafer-scale method of making a gallium nitride (GaN) device die comprising: providing a GaN wafer including a GaN material layer, a non-crystalline substrate, and at least one etchable intermediate layer between the GaN material layer and the non-crystalline substrate, wherein the at least one etchable intermediate layer comprises a nucleation layer, a silicon material layer, and an etchable material layer; forming trenches through the GaN material layer and at least partially through the at least one etchable intermediate layer; forming one or more tether material layers on a first side of the GaN material layer and through portions of the trenches, thereby forming a set of tethers between the GaN material layer and the non-crystalline substrate; and removing the at least one etchable intermediate layer to expose a second side of the GaN material layer.
2
Dependent← claim 1GaN
The method of claim 1, further comprising depositing at least one additional layer directly on the second side of the GaN material layer.
4
Dependent← claim 1nucleation layerSi
The method of claim 1, wherein removing the at least one etchable intermediate layer comprises removing the nucleation layer and the silicon material layer via etching.
5
Dependent← claim 1etchable material layer
The method of claim 1, wherein the etchable material layer is a hydrofluoric acid etchable material layer, the one or more tether material layers are resistant to hydrofluoric acid, and removing the hydrofluoric acid etchable material layer comprises etching with hydrofluoric acid.
6
Dependent← claim 1etchable material layer
The method of claim 1, wherein the etchable material layer is an anhydrous hydrofluoric vapor etchable material, the tether material layer is resistant to anhydrous hydroflu-oric vapor, and removing the anhydrous hydrofluoric acid etchable material layer comprises etching with anhydrous hydrofluoric vapor.
8
Dependent← claim 1protective layer
The method of claim 1, further comprising depositing a protective layer over at least a portion of a top of the GaN wafer, wherein the protective layer protects against hydro-fluoric acid etching, hydrofluoric acid plus oleum etching, or anhydrous hydrofluoric vapor etching.
9
Dependent← claim 1GaNGaN device die
The method of claim 1, wherein the GaN material layer comprises one or more device elements in contact therewith.
10
Dependent← claim 1photoresist layer
The method of claim 1, wherein the one or more tether material layers comprises a first tether material layer defin-ing a first set of tethers between the GaN material layer and the non-crystalline substrate and a photoresist layer forming a second set of tethers between the GaN material layer and the non-crystalline substrate.
11
Dependent← claim 1releasable adhesive material
The method of claim 1, further comprising attaching, by a releasable adhesive material, a wafer-scale carrier wafer package to the GaN wafer.
15
IndependentGaNnon-crystalline substrateGaN device die
A wafer-scale method of making a gallium nitride (GaN) device die comprising: providing a GaN wafer including a GaN material layer, a non-crystalline substrate, and at least one etchable intermediate layer between the GaN material layer and the non-crystalline substrate; forming trenches through the GaN material layer and at least partially through the at least one etchable intermediate layer; forming one or more tether material layers on a first side of the GaN material layer and through portions of the trenches, thereby forming a set of tethers between the GaN material layer and the non-crystalline substrate; removing the at least one etchable intermediate layer to expose a second side of the GaN material layer; and chemical mechanical polishing the second side of the GaN material layer, resulting in the second side of the GaN material layer having a surface roughness of less than 1 nanometers (nm) Root Mean Square (RMS).
16
IndependentGaNnon-crystalline substratereleasable adhesive materialGaN device die
A wafer-scale method of making a gallium nitride (GaN) device die comprising: providing a GaN wafer including a GaN material layer, a non-crystalline substrate, and at least one etchable intermediate layer between the GaN material layer and the non-crystalline substrate; forming trenches through the GaN material layer and at least partially through the at least one etchable intermediate layer; forming one or more tether material layers on a first side of the GaN material layer and through portions of the trenches, thereby forming a set of tethers between the GaN material layer and the non-crystalline substrate; removing the at least one etchable intermediate layer to expose a second side of the GaN material layer; and attaching, by a releasable adhesive material, a wafer-scale carrier wafer package to the GaN wafer; wherein the carrier wafer package includes a carrier wafer and a second releasable adhesive material, and wherein the releasable adhesive material attaches the carrier wafer to the GaN wafer through the second releasable adhesive material; and wherein the carrier wafer package further includes a laser release layer between the carrier wafer and the second releasable adhesive material, and the carrier wafer is transparent to laser light.
17
IndependentGaNnon-crystalline substratereleasable adhesive materialGaN device die
A wafer-scale method of making a gallium nitride (GaN) device die comprising: providing a GaN wafer including a GaN material layer, a non-crystalline substrate, and at least one etchable intermediate layer between the GaN material layer and the non-crystalline substrate; forming trenches through the GaN material layer and at least partially through the at least one etchable intermediate layer; forming one or more tether material layers on a first side of the GaN material layer and through portions of the trenches, thereby forming a set of tethers between the GaN material layer and the non-crystalline substrate; removing the at least one etchable intermediate layer to expose a second side of the GaN material layer; attaching, by a releasable adhesive material, a wafer-scale carrier wafer package to the GaN wafer; breaking or removing a portion of the set of tethers from the GaN wafer to separate the non-crystalline substrate from the GaN material layer; attaching an adhesive tape to a bottom side of the GaN wafer; and removing the carrier wafer package from the GaN mate-rial layer.
19
Dependent← claim 17
The method of claim 17, further comprising transfer-ring the GaN device die using a wafer-scale transfer method or a sequential wafer-scale transfer method. ∗ ∗ ∗ ∗ ∗
Device structures
Layer stacks claimed or described, ordered top of device to substrate.
GaN device die
GaNdevice layer
Sisilicon interlayer
nucleation layernucleation
etchable material layeretchable intermediate layers
non-crystalline substratesubstrate
Materials
Materials described outside the worked examples.
GaN material layer
GaN
Device Layer
non-crystalline substrate
Substrate
Process steps
Additional fabrication and treatment steps described in the patent.
1
Trench Formation
Step 1
Process details
description:Forming trenches through the GaN material layer and at least partially through the at least one etchable intermediate layer
Materials:GaNnucleation layer
Reported properties
Performance values and ranges asserted in the specification or claims.
Property
Value
Material
GaN material layer second side surface roughness after CMP
≤ 1 nm RMS
GaN
GaN material layer surface roughness (description embodiment)
≤ 0.5 nm RMS
Cited prior art
Patents and literature cited by this patent (applicant and examiner references).
Cited patents · 14
US 6,328,796 B16,328,796 B1 12/2001 Kub et al.
US 9,653,642 B19,653,642 B1 * 5/2017 Raring................. H10D 84/204examiner
US 9,761,754 B29,761,754 B2 9/2017 Bower et al.
US 9,991,413 B29,991,413 B2 6/2018 Bower et al.
US 10,458,038 B210,458,038 B2 10/2019 Zhang et al.
US 2010/0289124 A12010/0289124 A1 11/2010 Nuzzo et al.
Why these are connected
Related documents with shared materials, methods, properties, or citations.
WAFER-SCALE SEPARATION AND TRANSFER OF GaN MATERIAL
Francis J. Kub, Andrew D. Koehler, Travis J. Anderson, Karl D. Hobart et al.
The Government of the United States of America, as represented by the Secretary of the Navy, Arlington, VA (US)·Mar. 3, 2026·US
Drawings
Patent drawings and their descriptions. Click a drawing to enlarge it.
FIG. 1
process tool top view
FIG. 1A is a cross-sectional side view of a gallium nitride 10 (GaN) engineered wafer in an initial stage accordance with embodiments of the invention in …
FIG. 2
apparatus side view
FIG. 2B with the non-crystalline 55 substrate layer removed and an metal layer attached to the bottom side of the GaN material layer in accordance with …
FIG. 3
process tool top view
FIG. 3A is a top view of the GaN engineered wafer of
FIG. 4
FIGS. 4A-4B show a flowchart of an exemplary method in accordance with aspects of the present invention in accordance with embodiments of the invention.
FIG. 5
apparatus side view
FIG. 5 is a side view of a first exemplary GaN device made in accordance with embodiments of the invention.
FIG. 6
apparatus side view
FIG. 6A is a side view of a second exemplary GaN device made in accordance with embodiments of the invention.
FIG. 7
apparatus side view
FIG. 7 is a side view of a fifth exemplary GaN device made in accordance with embodiments of the invention.
FIG. 8
apparatus side view
FIG. 8 is a side view of a sixth exemplary GaN device made in accordance with embodiments of the invention.
FIG. 9
apparatus side view
FIG. 9 is a side view of an exemplary light emitting GaN device made in accordance with embodiments of the inven- tion.
FIG. 25
FIG. 25 1D, depicting individual die portions interconnected by the tether material layer in accordance with embodiments of the invention.
Claims
Claims define the patent's legal scope. Independent claims stand alone; dependent claims (nested) narrow them. Click a claim to expand its dependents.
4 independent · 15 dependent
1
IndependentGaNnon-crystalline substratenucleation layerSietchable material layerGaN device die
A wafer-scale method of making a gallium nitride (GaN) device die comprising: providing a GaN wafer including a GaN material layer, a non-crystalline substrate, and at least one etchable intermediate layer between the GaN material layer and the non-crystalline substrate, wherein the at least one etchable intermediate layer comprises a nucleation layer, a silicon material layer, and an etchable material layer; forming trenches through the GaN material layer and at least partially through the at least one etchable intermediate layer; forming one or more tether material layers on a first side of the GaN material layer and through portions of the trenches, thereby forming a set of tethers between the GaN material layer and the non-crystalline substrate; and removing the at least one etchable intermediate layer to expose a second side of the GaN material layer.
2
Dependent← claim 1GaN
The method of claim 1, further comprising depositing at least one additional layer directly on the second side of the GaN material layer.
4
Dependent← claim 1nucleation layerSi
The method of claim 1, wherein removing the at least one etchable intermediate layer comprises removing the nucleation layer and the silicon material layer via etching.
5
Dependent← claim 1etchable material layer
The method of claim 1, wherein the etchable material layer is a hydrofluoric acid etchable material layer, the one or more tether material layers are resistant to hydrofluoric acid, and removing the hydrofluoric acid etchable material layer comprises etching with hydrofluoric acid.
6
Dependent← claim 1etchable material layer
The method of claim 1, wherein the etchable material layer is an anhydrous hydrofluoric vapor etchable material, the tether material layer is resistant to anhydrous hydroflu-oric vapor, and removing the anhydrous hydrofluoric acid etchable material layer comprises etching with anhydrous hydrofluoric vapor.
8
Dependent← claim 1protective layer
The method of claim 1, further comprising depositing a protective layer over at least a portion of a top of the GaN wafer, wherein the protective layer protects against hydro-fluoric acid etching, hydrofluoric acid plus oleum etching, or anhydrous hydrofluoric vapor etching.
9
Dependent← claim 1GaNGaN device die
The method of claim 1, wherein the GaN material layer comprises one or more device elements in contact therewith.
10
Dependent← claim 1photoresist layer
The method of claim 1, wherein the one or more tether material layers comprises a first tether material layer defin-ing a first set of tethers between the GaN material layer and the non-crystalline substrate and a photoresist layer forming a second set of tethers between the GaN material layer and the non-crystalline substrate.
11
Dependent← claim 1releasable adhesive material
The method of claim 1, further comprising attaching, by a releasable adhesive material, a wafer-scale carrier wafer package to the GaN wafer.
15
IndependentGaNnon-crystalline substrateGaN device die
A wafer-scale method of making a gallium nitride (GaN) device die comprising: providing a GaN wafer including a GaN material layer, a non-crystalline substrate, and at least one etchable intermediate layer between the GaN material layer and the non-crystalline substrate; forming trenches through the GaN material layer and at least partially through the at least one etchable intermediate layer; forming one or more tether material layers on a first side of the GaN material layer and through portions of the trenches, thereby forming a set of tethers between the GaN material layer and the non-crystalline substrate; removing the at least one etchable intermediate layer to expose a second side of the GaN material layer; and chemical mechanical polishing the second side of the GaN material layer, resulting in the second side of the GaN material layer having a surface roughness of less than 1 nanometers (nm) Root Mean Square (RMS).
16
IndependentGaNnon-crystalline substratereleasable adhesive materialGaN device die
A wafer-scale method of making a gallium nitride (GaN) device die comprising: providing a GaN wafer including a GaN material layer, a non-crystalline substrate, and at least one etchable intermediate layer between the GaN material layer and the non-crystalline substrate; forming trenches through the GaN material layer and at least partially through the at least one etchable intermediate layer; forming one or more tether material layers on a first side of the GaN material layer and through portions of the trenches, thereby forming a set of tethers between the GaN material layer and the non-crystalline substrate; removing the at least one etchable intermediate layer to expose a second side of the GaN material layer; and attaching, by a releasable adhesive material, a wafer-scale carrier wafer package to the GaN wafer; wherein the carrier wafer package includes a carrier wafer and a second releasable adhesive material, and wherein the releasable adhesive material attaches the carrier wafer to the GaN wafer through the second releasable adhesive material; and wherein the carrier wafer package further includes a laser release layer between the carrier wafer and the second releasable adhesive material, and the carrier wafer is transparent to laser light.
17
IndependentGaNnon-crystalline substratereleasable adhesive materialGaN device die
A wafer-scale method of making a gallium nitride (GaN) device die comprising: providing a GaN wafer including a GaN material layer, a non-crystalline substrate, and at least one etchable intermediate layer between the GaN material layer and the non-crystalline substrate; forming trenches through the GaN material layer and at least partially through the at least one etchable intermediate layer; forming one or more tether material layers on a first side of the GaN material layer and through portions of the trenches, thereby forming a set of tethers between the GaN material layer and the non-crystalline substrate; removing the at least one etchable intermediate layer to expose a second side of the GaN material layer; attaching, by a releasable adhesive material, a wafer-scale carrier wafer package to the GaN wafer; breaking or removing a portion of the set of tethers from the GaN wafer to separate the non-crystalline substrate from the GaN material layer; attaching an adhesive tape to a bottom side of the GaN wafer; and removing the carrier wafer package from the GaN mate-rial layer.
19
Dependent← claim 17
The method of claim 17, further comprising transfer-ring the GaN device die using a wafer-scale transfer method or a sequential wafer-scale transfer method. ∗ ∗ ∗ ∗ ∗
Device structures
Layer stacks claimed or described, ordered top of device to substrate.
GaN device die
GaNdevice layer
Sisilicon interlayer
nucleation layernucleation
etchable material layeretchable intermediate layers
non-crystalline substratesubstrate
Materials
Materials described outside the worked examples.
GaN material layer
GaN
Device Layer
non-crystalline substrate
Substrate
Process steps
Additional fabrication and treatment steps described in the patent.
1
Trench Formation
Step 1
Process details
description:Forming trenches through the GaN material layer and at least partially through the at least one etchable intermediate layer
Materials:GaNnucleation layer
Reported properties
Performance values and ranges asserted in the specification or claims.
Property
Value
Material
GaN material layer second side surface roughness after CMP
≤ 1 nm RMS
GaN
GaN material layer surface roughness (description embodiment)
≤ 0.5 nm RMS
Cited prior art
Patents and literature cited by this patent (applicant and examiner references).
Cited patents · 14
US 6,328,796 B16,328,796 B1 12/2001 Kub et al.
US 9,653,642 B19,653,642 B1 * 5/2017 Raring................. H10D 84/204examiner
US 9,761,754 B29,761,754 B2 9/2017 Bower et al.
US 9,991,413 B29,991,413 B2 6/2018 Bower et al.
US 10,458,038 B210,458,038 B2 10/2019 Zhang et al.
US 2010/0289124 A12010/0289124 A1 11/2010 Nuzzo et al.
Why these are connected
Related documents with shared materials, methods, properties, or citations.
description:Forming one or more tether material layers on a first side of the GaN material layer and through portions of the trenches
Materials:GaN
3
Wet Etch
Step 3
Process details
etchant:hydrofluoric acid or anhydrous hydrofluoric vapor
description:Removing the etchable intermediate layer (nucleation layer, silicon material layer, and etchable material layer) to expose second side of GaN material layer
Materials:nucleation layerSietchable material layer
4
Chemical Mechanical Polishing
Step 4
Process details
description:Chemical mechanical polishing the second side of the GaN material layer, resulting in surface roughness of less than 1 nm RMS
Materials:GaN
GaN
Thickness
0.3–50 µm
—
Thickness
300–50000 nm
—
Temperature
200–300 °C
—
Thickness
300–100000 nm
—
Thickness
2–100 µm
—
Thickness
0.5–50 µm
—
Thickness
≤ 0.5 nm
—
Thickness
≤ 200 nm
—
Temperature
≤ 250 °C
—
Thickness
≤ 0.3 µm
—
Thickness
≤ 50 µm
—
Thickness
≤ 1 nm
—
Temperature
≥ 300 °C
—
US 2010/0317132 A12010/0317132 A1 12/2010 Rogers et al.
US 2014/0141571 A12014/0141571 A1 5/2014 Hussain et al.
US 2015/0035173 A12015/0035173 A1 * 2/2015 Dang................. G01R 31/2607examiner
US 2015/0132873 A12015/0132873 A1 * 5/2015 Rogers.................... H01L 24/95examiner
US 2016/0027961 A12016/0027961 A1 * 1/2016 Mi....................... H10H 20/818examiner
US 2018/0138357 A12018/0138357 A1 5/2018 Henley
US 2019/0088495 A12019/0088495 A1 3/2019 Youtsey et al.
US 2021/0020491 A12021/0020491 A1 1/2021 Trindade et al.
Cited non-patent literature · 3
Unknown, MEMS Resonator Based on Gallium Nitride Maintains Stability at High Temperature, Business, Jan. 2021, Photonics
Spectra, Photonics.com.
Zheng Gong, Layer-Scale and Chip-scale transfer techniques for Functional Devices and Systems: A Review, Nanomaterials 2021, 11, 842. https://doi.org/10.3390/nano11040842. Korean intellectual Property Office, Written Opinion Of the Inter- national Searching Authority, PCT/US2024/050971, completed Jan. 24, 2025.10.3390/nano11040842
description:Forming one or more tether material layers on a first side of the GaN material layer and through portions of the trenches
Materials:GaN
3
Wet Etch
Step 3
Process details
etchant:hydrofluoric acid or anhydrous hydrofluoric vapor
description:Removing the etchable intermediate layer (nucleation layer, silicon material layer, and etchable material layer) to expose second side of GaN material layer
Materials:nucleation layerSietchable material layer
4
Chemical Mechanical Polishing
Step 4
Process details
description:Chemical mechanical polishing the second side of the GaN material layer, resulting in surface roughness of less than 1 nm RMS
Materials:GaN
GaN
Thickness
0.3–50 µm
—
Thickness
300–50000 nm
—
Temperature
200–300 °C
—
Thickness
300–100000 nm
—
Thickness
2–100 µm
—
Thickness
0.5–50 µm
—
Thickness
≤ 0.5 nm
—
Thickness
≤ 200 nm
—
Temperature
≤ 250 °C
—
Thickness
≤ 0.3 µm
—
Thickness
≤ 50 µm
—
Thickness
≤ 1 nm
—
Temperature
≥ 300 °C
—
US 2010/0317132 A12010/0317132 A1 12/2010 Rogers et al.
US 2014/0141571 A12014/0141571 A1 5/2014 Hussain et al.
US 2015/0035173 A12015/0035173 A1 * 2/2015 Dang................. G01R 31/2607examiner
US 2015/0132873 A12015/0132873 A1 * 5/2015 Rogers.................... H01L 24/95examiner
US 2016/0027961 A12016/0027961 A1 * 1/2016 Mi....................... H10H 20/818examiner
US 2018/0138357 A12018/0138357 A1 5/2018 Henley
US 2019/0088495 A12019/0088495 A1 3/2019 Youtsey et al.
US 2021/0020491 A12021/0020491 A1 1/2021 Trindade et al.
Cited non-patent literature · 3
Unknown, MEMS Resonator Based on Gallium Nitride Maintains Stability at High Temperature, Business, Jan. 2021, Photonics
Spectra, Photonics.com.
Zheng Gong, Layer-Scale and Chip-scale transfer techniques for Functional Devices and Systems: A Review, Nanomaterials 2021, 11, 842. https://doi.org/10.3390/nano11040842. Korean intellectual Property Office, Written Opinion Of the Inter- national Searching Authority, PCT/US2024/050971, completed Jan. 24, 2025.10.3390/nano11040842
description:Forming one or more tether material layers on a first side of the GaN material layer and through portions of the trenches
Materials:GaN
3
Wet Etch
Step 3
Process details
etchant:hydrofluoric acid or anhydrous hydrofluoric vapor
description:Removing the etchable intermediate layer (nucleation layer, silicon material layer, and etchable material layer) to expose second side of GaN material layer
Materials:nucleation layerSietchable material layer
4
Chemical Mechanical Polishing
Step 4
Process details
description:Chemical mechanical polishing the second side of the GaN material layer, resulting in surface roughness of less than 1 nm RMS
Materials:GaN
GaN
Thickness
0.3–50 µm
—
Thickness
300–50000 nm
—
Temperature
200–300 °C
—
Thickness
300–100000 nm
—
Thickness
2–100 µm
—
Thickness
0.5–50 µm
—
Thickness
≤ 0.5 nm
—
Thickness
≤ 200 nm
—
Temperature
≤ 250 °C
—
Thickness
≤ 0.3 µm
—
Thickness
≤ 50 µm
—
Thickness
≤ 1 nm
—
Temperature
≥ 300 °C
—
US 2010/0317132 A12010/0317132 A1 12/2010 Rogers et al.
US 2014/0141571 A12014/0141571 A1 5/2014 Hussain et al.
US 2015/0035173 A12015/0035173 A1 * 2/2015 Dang................. G01R 31/2607examiner
US 2015/0132873 A12015/0132873 A1 * 5/2015 Rogers.................... H01L 24/95examiner
US 2016/0027961 A12016/0027961 A1 * 1/2016 Mi....................... H10H 20/818examiner
US 2018/0138357 A12018/0138357 A1 5/2018 Henley
US 2019/0088495 A12019/0088495 A1 3/2019 Youtsey et al.
US 2021/0020491 A12021/0020491 A1 1/2021 Trindade et al.
Cited non-patent literature · 3
Unknown, MEMS Resonator Based on Gallium Nitride Maintains Stability at High Temperature, Business, Jan. 2021, Photonics
Spectra, Photonics.com.
Zheng Gong, Layer-Scale and Chip-scale transfer techniques for Functional Devices and Systems: A Review, Nanomaterials 2021, 11, 842. https://doi.org/10.3390/nano11040842. Korean intellectual Property Office, Written Opinion Of the Inter- national Searching Authority, PCT/US2024/050971, completed Jan. 24, 2025.10.3390/nano11040842
description:Forming one or more tether material layers on a first side of the GaN material layer and through portions of the trenches
Materials:GaN
3
Wet Etch
Step 3
Process details
etchant:hydrofluoric acid or anhydrous hydrofluoric vapor
description:Removing the etchable intermediate layer (nucleation layer, silicon material layer, and etchable material layer) to expose second side of GaN material layer
Materials:nucleation layerSietchable material layer
4
Chemical Mechanical Polishing
Step 4
Process details
description:Chemical mechanical polishing the second side of the GaN material layer, resulting in surface roughness of less than 1 nm RMS
Materials:GaN
GaN
Thickness
0.3–50 µm
—
Thickness
300–50000 nm
—
Temperature
200–300 °C
—
Thickness
300–100000 nm
—
Thickness
2–100 µm
—
Thickness
0.5–50 µm
—
Thickness
≤ 0.5 nm
—
Thickness
≤ 200 nm
—
Temperature
≤ 250 °C
—
Thickness
≤ 0.3 µm
—
Thickness
≤ 50 µm
—
Thickness
≤ 1 nm
—
Temperature
≥ 300 °C
—
US 2010/0317132 A12010/0317132 A1 12/2010 Rogers et al.
US 2014/0141571 A12014/0141571 A1 5/2014 Hussain et al.
US 2015/0035173 A12015/0035173 A1 * 2/2015 Dang................. G01R 31/2607examiner
US 2015/0132873 A12015/0132873 A1 * 5/2015 Rogers.................... H01L 24/95examiner
US 2016/0027961 A12016/0027961 A1 * 1/2016 Mi....................... H10H 20/818examiner
US 2018/0138357 A12018/0138357 A1 5/2018 Henley
US 2019/0088495 A12019/0088495 A1 3/2019 Youtsey et al.
US 2021/0020491 A12021/0020491 A1 1/2021 Trindade et al.
Cited non-patent literature · 3
Unknown, MEMS Resonator Based on Gallium Nitride Maintains Stability at High Temperature, Business, Jan. 2021, Photonics
Spectra, Photonics.com.
Zheng Gong, Layer-Scale and Chip-scale transfer techniques for Functional Devices and Systems: A Review, Nanomaterials 2021, 11, 842. https://doi.org/10.3390/nano11040842. Korean intellectual Property Office, Written Opinion Of the Inter- national Searching Authority, PCT/US2024/050971, completed Jan. 24, 2025.10.3390/nano11040842