Patent
US 9,314,817THREE-DIMENSIONAL VERTICALLY ALIGNED FUNCTIONALIZED MULTILAYER GRAPHENE
Ching P. Wong
US
Copyright © 2026 Matter42. All rights reserved.
Patent
Atlas literature
Patent
US 9,314,817Patent drawings and their descriptions. Click a drawing to enlarge it.
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing an interface between functionalized graphene sheets and indium. [0014]
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing a thermal interfacial material coupled to a heat source and a heat sink.
Claims define the patent's legal scope. Independent claims stand alone; dependent claims (nested) narrow them. Click a claim to expand its dependents.
A method of making a thermal interface material, comprising the steps of: (a) dispersing functionalized graphene sheets in a liquid; (b) removing the liquid through a filter so as to form a filtration cake of aligned functionalized graphene sheets, substantially all of which are parallel to a common plane; (c) cutting at least one block of aligned functionalized graphene sheets from the filtration cake, the block including a first end face and an oppositely-disposed second end face that are parallel to each other and to which substantially all of the functionalized graphene sheets are transverse, the block also including two oppositely-disposed sides to which substantially all of the functionalized graphene sheets are parallel; and (d) applying a first layer of a thermally conductive substance to the first end face and applying a second layer of the thermally conductive substance to the second end face of the block.
The method of Claim 1, wherein the step of removing the liquid comprises the step of applying a filtration process to the liquid.
The method of Claim 1, wherein the liquid comprises water.
The method of Claim 1, wherein the functionalized graphene sheets comprise functionalized multilayer graphene sheets.
The method of Claim 1, wherein the functionalized graphene sheets comprise graphene functionalized with functional groups of a material selected from a group of materials consisting of: conjugated carbon-carbon, carbon-hydroxyls, carboxyls, and combinations thereof.
The method of Claim 1, wherein the thermally conductive substance comprises indium.
The method of Claim 1, further comprising the steps of: (a) aligning a group of blocks of aligned functionalized graphene sheets so that the first end face of each block is substantially coplanar with the first end face of each other block; (b) applying a common first layer of a thermally conductive substance to the first end face of each block; and (c) applying a second common layer of the thermally conductive substance to the second end face of each block.
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A method of making a thermal interface material for thermally coupling a heat source to a heat sink, comprising the steps of: (a) dispersing functionalized graphene sheets in a liquid; (b) removing the liquid through a filter so as to form a filtration cake of aligned functionalized graphene sheets, substantially all of which are parallel to a common plane; (c) cutting at least one block of aligned functionalized graphene sheets from the filtration cake, the block including a first end face and an oppositely-disposed Application No. 13/783,505 Amendment dated 02/17/2016 Reply to Office Action dated 11/20/2016 Page 5 of 11 second end face that are parallel to each other and to which substantially all of the functionalized graphene sheets are transverse, the block also including two oppositely-disposed sides to which substantially all of the functionalized graphene sheets are parallel; (d) applying a first stabilizing layer to the first end face and a second stabilizing layer to the second end face; and (e) placing the first stabilizing layer to be in thermal communication with the heat source and the second stabilizing layer to be in thermal communication with the heat sink.
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A method of making a thermal interface material, comprising the steps of: (a) dispersing functionalized graphene sheets in a liquid; (b) removing the liquid through a filter so as to form a filtration cake of aligned functionalized graphene sheets, substantially all of which are parallel to a common plane, wherein the removing of the liquid is performed through a filtration process that includes the steps of: (i) disposing the functionalized graphene sheets dispersed in the liquid on a first side filtration paper; and (ii) applying a vacuum to a second side of the filtration paper, wherein the second side is opposite from the first side, so as to draw the liquid through the filtration paper and away from the functionalized graphene sheets; (c) cutting at least one block of aligned functionalized graphene sheets from the filtration cake, the block including a first end face and an oppositely-disposed second end face that are parallel to each other and to which substantially all of the Application No. 13/783,505 Amendment dated 02/17/2016 Reply to Office Action dated 11/20/2016 Page 6 of 11 functionalized graphene sheets are transverse, the block also including two oppositely-disposed sides to which substantially all of the functionalized graphene sheets are parallel; (d) applying a first layer of a thermally conductive substance to the first end face and applying a second layer of the thermally conductive substance to the second end face of the block; (e) aligning a group of blocks of aligned functionalized graphene sheets so that the first end face of each block is substantially coplanar with the first end face of each other block; (f) applying a common first layer of a thermally conductive substance to the first end face of each block; and (g) applying a second common layer of the thermally conductive substance to the second end face of each block; fjh) applying a first silicon layer to the first layer of the thermally conductive substance; and (j} applying a second silicon layer to the second layer of the thermally conductive substance.
The method of Claim 20, wherein the liquid comprises water.
The method of Claim 20, wherein the functionalized graphene sheets comprise functionalized multilayer graphene sheets.
The method of Claim 20, wherein the functionalized graphene sheets comprise graphene functionalized with functional groups of a material selected from a group of materials consisting of: conjugated carbon-carbon, carbon-hydroxyls, carboxyls, and combinations thereof.
The method of Claim 20, wherein the thermally conductive substance comprises indium.
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Embodiments described in the patent, grouped by the materials and process steps they use.
7 materials3 process steps
Functionalized multilayer graphene (fMG) was synthesized; 0.8 g fMG sheets dispersed in 1 L deionized water and vacuum-filtrated with a 47 mm vacuum filtration system equipped with an anodic aluminum oxide (AAO) filtration paper (0.1 µm pore size, Anodisc 47, Whatman International Ltd.). The filtration cake was washed in deionized water, removed, and dried at 105°C for 3 hours. fMG sheets were prepared in a moderate oxidation environment (mixed sulfuric and nitric acid) with sonication. Sheet thickness ranged from 2 nm to 10 nm (average 7.35 nm). Silicon wafers (1 mm × 1 mm) were coated with melted pure indium at 180°C; indium coating thickness ~10 µm after polishing. fMG samples were sliced and sandwiched between indium-coated silicon wafers with fMG perpendicular to silicon surfaces (vertically aligned). The assembly was clamped at ~0.02 MPa and placed in a convection oven at 200°C for 20 minutes, then cooled to room temperature.
Layer stacks claimed or described, ordered top of device to substrate.
thermal interface material unit
Materials described outside the worked examples.
functionalized graphene sheets
thermally conductive substance
Performance values and ranges asserted in the specification or claims.
| Property | Value | Material |
|---|---|---|
functionalized multilayer graphene sheet thickness (average) | 7.35 | functionalized multilayer graphene sheets |
indium coating thickness after polishing |
Patent
Atlas literature
Patent
US 9,314,817Patent drawings and their descriptions. Click a drawing to enlarge it.
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing an interface between functionalized graphene sheets and indium. [0014]
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing a thermal interfacial material coupled to a heat source and a heat sink.
Claims define the patent's legal scope. Independent claims stand alone; dependent claims (nested) narrow them. Click a claim to expand its dependents.
A method of making a thermal interface material, comprising the steps of: (a) dispersing functionalized graphene sheets in a liquid; (b) removing the liquid through a filter so as to form a filtration cake of aligned functionalized graphene sheets, substantially all of which are parallel to a common plane; (c) cutting at least one block of aligned functionalized graphene sheets from the filtration cake, the block including a first end face and an oppositely-disposed second end face that are parallel to each other and to which substantially all of the functionalized graphene sheets are transverse, the block also including two oppositely-disposed sides to which substantially all of the functionalized graphene sheets are parallel; and (d) applying a first layer of a thermally conductive substance to the first end face and applying a second layer of the thermally conductive substance to the second end face of the block.
The method of Claim 1, wherein the step of removing the liquid comprises the step of applying a filtration process to the liquid.
The method of Claim 1, wherein the liquid comprises water.
The method of Claim 1, wherein the functionalized graphene sheets comprise functionalized multilayer graphene sheets.
The method of Claim 1, wherein the functionalized graphene sheets comprise graphene functionalized with functional groups of a material selected from a group of materials consisting of: conjugated carbon-carbon, carbon-hydroxyls, carboxyls, and combinations thereof.
The method of Claim 1, wherein the thermally conductive substance comprises indium.
The method of Claim 1, further comprising the steps of: (a) aligning a group of blocks of aligned functionalized graphene sheets so that the first end face of each block is substantially coplanar with the first end face of each other block; (b) applying a common first layer of a thermally conductive substance to the first end face of each block; and (c) applying a second common layer of the thermally conductive substance to the second end face of each block.
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A method of making a thermal interface material for thermally coupling a heat source to a heat sink, comprising the steps of: (a) dispersing functionalized graphene sheets in a liquid; (b) removing the liquid through a filter so as to form a filtration cake of aligned functionalized graphene sheets, substantially all of which are parallel to a common plane; (c) cutting at least one block of aligned functionalized graphene sheets from the filtration cake, the block including a first end face and an oppositely-disposed Application No. 13/783,505 Amendment dated 02/17/2016 Reply to Office Action dated 11/20/2016 Page 5 of 11 second end face that are parallel to each other and to which substantially all of the functionalized graphene sheets are transverse, the block also including two oppositely-disposed sides to which substantially all of the functionalized graphene sheets are parallel; (d) applying a first stabilizing layer to the first end face and a second stabilizing layer to the second end face; and (e) placing the first stabilizing layer to be in thermal communication with the heat source and the second stabilizing layer to be in thermal communication with the heat sink.
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A method of making a thermal interface material, comprising the steps of: (a) dispersing functionalized graphene sheets in a liquid; (b) removing the liquid through a filter so as to form a filtration cake of aligned functionalized graphene sheets, substantially all of which are parallel to a common plane, wherein the removing of the liquid is performed through a filtration process that includes the steps of: (i) disposing the functionalized graphene sheets dispersed in the liquid on a first side filtration paper; and (ii) applying a vacuum to a second side of the filtration paper, wherein the second side is opposite from the first side, so as to draw the liquid through the filtration paper and away from the functionalized graphene sheets; (c) cutting at least one block of aligned functionalized graphene sheets from the filtration cake, the block including a first end face and an oppositely-disposed second end face that are parallel to each other and to which substantially all of the Application No. 13/783,505 Amendment dated 02/17/2016 Reply to Office Action dated 11/20/2016 Page 6 of 11 functionalized graphene sheets are transverse, the block also including two oppositely-disposed sides to which substantially all of the functionalized graphene sheets are parallel; (d) applying a first layer of a thermally conductive substance to the first end face and applying a second layer of the thermally conductive substance to the second end face of the block; (e) aligning a group of blocks of aligned functionalized graphene sheets so that the first end face of each block is substantially coplanar with the first end face of each other block; (f) applying a common first layer of a thermally conductive substance to the first end face of each block; and (g) applying a second common layer of the thermally conductive substance to the second end face of each block; fjh) applying a first silicon layer to the first layer of the thermally conductive substance; and (j} applying a second silicon layer to the second layer of the thermally conductive substance.
The method of Claim 20, wherein the liquid comprises water.
The method of Claim 20, wherein the functionalized graphene sheets comprise functionalized multilayer graphene sheets.
The method of Claim 20, wherein the functionalized graphene sheets comprise graphene functionalized with functional groups of a material selected from a group of materials consisting of: conjugated carbon-carbon, carbon-hydroxyls, carboxyls, and combinations thereof.
The method of Claim 20, wherein the thermally conductive substance comprises indium.
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Embodiments described in the patent, grouped by the materials and process steps they use.
7 materials3 process steps
Functionalized multilayer graphene (fMG) was synthesized; 0.8 g fMG sheets dispersed in 1 L deionized water and vacuum-filtrated with a 47 mm vacuum filtration system equipped with an anodic aluminum oxide (AAO) filtration paper (0.1 µm pore size, Anodisc 47, Whatman International Ltd.). The filtration cake was washed in deionized water, removed, and dried at 105°C for 3 hours. fMG sheets were prepared in a moderate oxidation environment (mixed sulfuric and nitric acid) with sonication. Sheet thickness ranged from 2 nm to 10 nm (average 7.35 nm). Silicon wafers (1 mm × 1 mm) were coated with melted pure indium at 180°C; indium coating thickness ~10 µm after polishing. fMG samples were sliced and sandwiched between indium-coated silicon wafers with fMG perpendicular to silicon surfaces (vertically aligned). The assembly was clamped at ~0.02 MPa and placed in a convection oven at 200°C for 20 minutes, then cooled to room temperature.
Layer stacks claimed or described, ordered top of device to substrate.
thermal interface material unit
Materials described outside the worked examples.
functionalized graphene sheets
thermally conductive substance
Performance values and ranges asserted in the specification or claims.
| Property | Value | Material |
|---|---|---|
functionalized multilayer graphene sheet thickness (average) | 7.35 | functionalized multilayer graphene sheets |
indium coating thickness after polishing |
Patent
Atlas literature
Patent
US 9,314,817Patent drawings and their descriptions. Click a drawing to enlarge it.
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing an interface between functionalized graphene sheets and indium. [0014]
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing a thermal interfacial material coupled to a heat source and a heat sink.
Claims define the patent's legal scope. Independent claims stand alone; dependent claims (nested) narrow them. Click a claim to expand its dependents.
A method of making a thermal interface material, comprising the steps of: (a) dispersing functionalized graphene sheets in a liquid; (b) removing the liquid through a filter so as to form a filtration cake of aligned functionalized graphene sheets, substantially all of which are parallel to a common plane; (c) cutting at least one block of aligned functionalized graphene sheets from the filtration cake, the block including a first end face and an oppositely-disposed second end face that are parallel to each other and to which substantially all of the functionalized graphene sheets are transverse, the block also including two oppositely-disposed sides to which substantially all of the functionalized graphene sheets are parallel; and (d) applying a first layer of a thermally conductive substance to the first end face and applying a second layer of the thermally conductive substance to the second end face of the block.
The method of Claim 1, wherein the step of removing the liquid comprises the step of applying a filtration process to the liquid.
The method of Claim 1, wherein the liquid comprises water.
The method of Claim 1, wherein the functionalized graphene sheets comprise functionalized multilayer graphene sheets.
The method of Claim 1, wherein the functionalized graphene sheets comprise graphene functionalized with functional groups of a material selected from a group of materials consisting of: conjugated carbon-carbon, carbon-hydroxyls, carboxyls, and combinations thereof.
The method of Claim 1, wherein the thermally conductive substance comprises indium.
The method of Claim 1, further comprising the steps of: (a) aligning a group of blocks of aligned functionalized graphene sheets so that the first end face of each block is substantially coplanar with the first end face of each other block; (b) applying a common first layer of a thermally conductive substance to the first end face of each block; and (c) applying a second common layer of the thermally conductive substance to the second end face of each block.
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A method of making a thermal interface material for thermally coupling a heat source to a heat sink, comprising the steps of: (a) dispersing functionalized graphene sheets in a liquid; (b) removing the liquid through a filter so as to form a filtration cake of aligned functionalized graphene sheets, substantially all of which are parallel to a common plane; (c) cutting at least one block of aligned functionalized graphene sheets from the filtration cake, the block including a first end face and an oppositely-disposed Application No. 13/783,505 Amendment dated 02/17/2016 Reply to Office Action dated 11/20/2016 Page 5 of 11 second end face that are parallel to each other and to which substantially all of the functionalized graphene sheets are transverse, the block also including two oppositely-disposed sides to which substantially all of the functionalized graphene sheets are parallel; (d) applying a first stabilizing layer to the first end face and a second stabilizing layer to the second end face; and (e) placing the first stabilizing layer to be in thermal communication with the heat source and the second stabilizing layer to be in thermal communication with the heat sink.
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A method of making a thermal interface material, comprising the steps of: (a) dispersing functionalized graphene sheets in a liquid; (b) removing the liquid through a filter so as to form a filtration cake of aligned functionalized graphene sheets, substantially all of which are parallel to a common plane, wherein the removing of the liquid is performed through a filtration process that includes the steps of: (i) disposing the functionalized graphene sheets dispersed in the liquid on a first side filtration paper; and (ii) applying a vacuum to a second side of the filtration paper, wherein the second side is opposite from the first side, so as to draw the liquid through the filtration paper and away from the functionalized graphene sheets; (c) cutting at least one block of aligned functionalized graphene sheets from the filtration cake, the block including a first end face and an oppositely-disposed second end face that are parallel to each other and to which substantially all of the Application No. 13/783,505 Amendment dated 02/17/2016 Reply to Office Action dated 11/20/2016 Page 6 of 11 functionalized graphene sheets are transverse, the block also including two oppositely-disposed sides to which substantially all of the functionalized graphene sheets are parallel; (d) applying a first layer of a thermally conductive substance to the first end face and applying a second layer of the thermally conductive substance to the second end face of the block; (e) aligning a group of blocks of aligned functionalized graphene sheets so that the first end face of each block is substantially coplanar with the first end face of each other block; (f) applying a common first layer of a thermally conductive substance to the first end face of each block; and (g) applying a second common layer of the thermally conductive substance to the second end face of each block; fjh) applying a first silicon layer to the first layer of the thermally conductive substance; and (j} applying a second silicon layer to the second layer of the thermally conductive substance.
The method of Claim 20, wherein the liquid comprises water.
The method of Claim 20, wherein the functionalized graphene sheets comprise functionalized multilayer graphene sheets.
The method of Claim 20, wherein the functionalized graphene sheets comprise graphene functionalized with functional groups of a material selected from a group of materials consisting of: conjugated carbon-carbon, carbon-hydroxyls, carboxyls, and combinations thereof.
The method of Claim 20, wherein the thermally conductive substance comprises indium.
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Embodiments described in the patent, grouped by the materials and process steps they use.
7 materials3 process steps
Functionalized multilayer graphene (fMG) was synthesized; 0.8 g fMG sheets dispersed in 1 L deionized water and vacuum-filtrated with a 47 mm vacuum filtration system equipped with an anodic aluminum oxide (AAO) filtration paper (0.1 µm pore size, Anodisc 47, Whatman International Ltd.). The filtration cake was washed in deionized water, removed, and dried at 105°C for 3 hours. fMG sheets were prepared in a moderate oxidation environment (mixed sulfuric and nitric acid) with sonication. Sheet thickness ranged from 2 nm to 10 nm (average 7.35 nm). Silicon wafers (1 mm × 1 mm) were coated with melted pure indium at 180°C; indium coating thickness ~10 µm after polishing. fMG samples were sliced and sandwiched between indium-coated silicon wafers with fMG perpendicular to silicon surfaces (vertically aligned). The assembly was clamped at ~0.02 MPa and placed in a convection oven at 200°C for 20 minutes, then cooled to room temperature.
Layer stacks claimed or described, ordered top of device to substrate.
thermal interface material unit
Materials described outside the worked examples.
functionalized graphene sheets
thermally conductive substance
Performance values and ranges asserted in the specification or claims.
| Property | Value | Material |
|---|---|---|
functionalized multilayer graphene sheet thickness (average) | 7.35 | functionalized multilayer graphene sheets |
indium coating thickness after polishing |
Patent
Atlas literature
Patent
US 9,314,817Patent drawings and their descriptions. Click a drawing to enlarge it.
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing an interface between functionalized graphene sheets and indium. [0014]
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing a thermal interfacial material coupled to a heat source and a heat sink.
Claims define the patent's legal scope. Independent claims stand alone; dependent claims (nested) narrow them. Click a claim to expand its dependents.
A method of making a thermal interface material, comprising the steps of: (a) dispersing functionalized graphene sheets in a liquid; (b) removing the liquid through a filter so as to form a filtration cake of aligned functionalized graphene sheets, substantially all of which are parallel to a common plane; (c) cutting at least one block of aligned functionalized graphene sheets from the filtration cake, the block including a first end face and an oppositely-disposed second end face that are parallel to each other and to which substantially all of the functionalized graphene sheets are transverse, the block also including two oppositely-disposed sides to which substantially all of the functionalized graphene sheets are parallel; and (d) applying a first layer of a thermally conductive substance to the first end face and applying a second layer of the thermally conductive substance to the second end face of the block.
The method of Claim 1, wherein the step of removing the liquid comprises the step of applying a filtration process to the liquid.
The method of Claim 1, wherein the liquid comprises water.
The method of Claim 1, wherein the functionalized graphene sheets comprise functionalized multilayer graphene sheets.
The method of Claim 1, wherein the functionalized graphene sheets comprise graphene functionalized with functional groups of a material selected from a group of materials consisting of: conjugated carbon-carbon, carbon-hydroxyls, carboxyls, and combinations thereof.
The method of Claim 1, wherein the thermally conductive substance comprises indium.
The method of Claim 1, further comprising the steps of: (a) aligning a group of blocks of aligned functionalized graphene sheets so that the first end face of each block is substantially coplanar with the first end face of each other block; (b) applying a common first layer of a thermally conductive substance to the first end face of each block; and (c) applying a second common layer of the thermally conductive substance to the second end face of each block.
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A method of making a thermal interface material for thermally coupling a heat source to a heat sink, comprising the steps of: (a) dispersing functionalized graphene sheets in a liquid; (b) removing the liquid through a filter so as to form a filtration cake of aligned functionalized graphene sheets, substantially all of which are parallel to a common plane; (c) cutting at least one block of aligned functionalized graphene sheets from the filtration cake, the block including a first end face and an oppositely-disposed Application No. 13/783,505 Amendment dated 02/17/2016 Reply to Office Action dated 11/20/2016 Page 5 of 11 second end face that are parallel to each other and to which substantially all of the functionalized graphene sheets are transverse, the block also including two oppositely-disposed sides to which substantially all of the functionalized graphene sheets are parallel; (d) applying a first stabilizing layer to the first end face and a second stabilizing layer to the second end face; and (e) placing the first stabilizing layer to be in thermal communication with the heat source and the second stabilizing layer to be in thermal communication with the heat sink.
15-19. canceled
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A method of making a thermal interface material, comprising the steps of: (a) dispersing functionalized graphene sheets in a liquid; (b) removing the liquid through a filter so as to form a filtration cake of aligned functionalized graphene sheets, substantially all of which are parallel to a common plane, wherein the removing of the liquid is performed through a filtration process that includes the steps of: (i) disposing the functionalized graphene sheets dispersed in the liquid on a first side filtration paper; and (ii) applying a vacuum to a second side of the filtration paper, wherein the second side is opposite from the first side, so as to draw the liquid through the filtration paper and away from the functionalized graphene sheets; (c) cutting at least one block of aligned functionalized graphene sheets from the filtration cake, the block including a first end face and an oppositely-disposed second end face that are parallel to each other and to which substantially all of the Application No. 13/783,505 Amendment dated 02/17/2016 Reply to Office Action dated 11/20/2016 Page 6 of 11 functionalized graphene sheets are transverse, the block also including two oppositely-disposed sides to which substantially all of the functionalized graphene sheets are parallel; (d) applying a first layer of a thermally conductive substance to the first end face and applying a second layer of the thermally conductive substance to the second end face of the block; (e) aligning a group of blocks of aligned functionalized graphene sheets so that the first end face of each block is substantially coplanar with the first end face of each other block; (f) applying a common first layer of a thermally conductive substance to the first end face of each block; and (g) applying a second common layer of the thermally conductive substance to the second end face of each block; fjh) applying a first silicon layer to the first layer of the thermally conductive substance; and (j} applying a second silicon layer to the second layer of the thermally conductive substance.
The method of Claim 20, wherein the liquid comprises water.
The method of Claim 20, wherein the functionalized graphene sheets comprise functionalized multilayer graphene sheets.
The method of Claim 20, wherein the functionalized graphene sheets comprise graphene functionalized with functional groups of a material selected from a group of materials consisting of: conjugated carbon-carbon, carbon-hydroxyls, carboxyls, and combinations thereof.
The method of Claim 20, wherein the thermally conductive substance comprises indium.
canceled
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Embodiments described in the patent, grouped by the materials and process steps they use.
7 materials3 process steps
Functionalized multilayer graphene (fMG) was synthesized; 0.8 g fMG sheets dispersed in 1 L deionized water and vacuum-filtrated with a 47 mm vacuum filtration system equipped with an anodic aluminum oxide (AAO) filtration paper (0.1 µm pore size, Anodisc 47, Whatman International Ltd.). The filtration cake was washed in deionized water, removed, and dried at 105°C for 3 hours. fMG sheets were prepared in a moderate oxidation environment (mixed sulfuric and nitric acid) with sonication. Sheet thickness ranged from 2 nm to 10 nm (average 7.35 nm). Silicon wafers (1 mm × 1 mm) were coated with melted pure indium at 180°C; indium coating thickness ~10 µm after polishing. fMG samples were sliced and sandwiched between indium-coated silicon wafers with fMG perpendicular to silicon surfaces (vertically aligned). The assembly was clamped at ~0.02 MPa and placed in a convection oven at 200°C for 20 minutes, then cooled to room temperature.
Layer stacks claimed or described, ordered top of device to substrate.
thermal interface material unit
Materials described outside the worked examples.
functionalized graphene sheets
thermally conductive substance
Performance values and ranges asserted in the specification or claims.
| Property | Value | Material |
|---|---|---|
functionalized multilayer graphene sheet thickness (average) | 7.35 | functionalized multilayer graphene sheets |
indium coating thickness after polishing |
graphene functionalized with conjugated carbon-carbon, carbon-hydroxyls, carboxyls
| 10 |
In |
Thickness | 2–10 nm | — |
graphene functionalized with conjugated carbon-carbon, carbon-hydroxyls, carboxyls
| 10 |
In |
Thickness | 2–10 nm | — |
graphene functionalized with conjugated carbon-carbon, carbon-hydroxyls, carboxyls
| 10 |
In |
Thickness | 2–10 nm | — |
graphene functionalized with conjugated carbon-carbon, carbon-hydroxyls, carboxyls
| 10 |
In |
Thickness | 2–10 nm | — |