Patent
US 9,997,775RECONFIGURABLE LIQUID METAL AND GRAPHENE POWER SOURCE
Richard C. ORDONEZ
United States Government·US
Copyright © 2026 Matter42. All rights reserved.
Patent
Atlas literature
Patent
US 9,997,775Patent drawings and their descriptions. Click a drawing to enlarge it.
FIG. 1, power source 10 is connected to a load 50. Load 50 may comprise any type of load requiring a power source. For example, in embodiments where power …
FIGS. 2 and 3A-3D. Enclosure 120 is disposed on substrate 110 and encases first layer of graphene 130 and second layer of graphene 140 In some embodiments, …
FIG. 3B. The transfer will be complete when greater than 50 % of liquid metal 160 is in the second end 154 of the channel. The external bias can then be …
FIG. 4 shows a flowchart of an embodiment of a method for using an embodiment of the system in accordance with the Reconfigurable Liquid Metal and Graphene Power …
Claims define the patent's legal scope. Independent claims stand alone; dependent claims (nested) narrow them. Click a claim to expand its dependents.
A device comprising: a la y er of graphene: a la y er of liquid metal: and an electrolyte disposed between and directly contacting both of the [[a]] layer of graphene and the la y er of liquid metal. Currently amended
The device of claim 1, wherein the electrolyte comprises sodium hydroxide. Original
The device of claim 1, wherein the la y er of liquid metal comprises a eutectic alloy in stable liquid form over a temperature range of between about -19 0 C and about 1300 0 C. Currently amended
The device of claim 1, wherein the layer of graphene comprises monolayer graphene. Original
The device of claim 1, wherein the layer of graphene comprises multilayer graphene. Original
The device of claim 1 further comprising at least two electrical contacts, wherein a first electrical contact is in contact with the layer of graphene and a second electrical contact is in contact with the la y er of liquid metal. Currently amended
The device of claim 1, wherein the layer of graphene, the la y er of liquid metal, and the electrolyte are disposed on a substrate and covered by an enclosure disposed on the substrate. Currently amended
The device of claim 1, wherein the electrolyte comprises a liquid. Original
The device of claim 1, wherein the electrolyte comprises a solid. Original
A system comprising: a substrate; a first layer of graphene and a second layer of graphene disposed on the substrate; an enclosure, having a channel formed therein, disposed on the substrate and encasing the first layer of graphene and the second layer of graphene, wherein a first end of the channel is disposed over at least a portion of the first layer of graphene and a second end of the channel is disposed over at least a portion of the second layer of graphene; an electrolyte disposed within the channel; and liquid metal disposed within the electrolyte such that the liquid metal is separated from the first layer of graphene and the second layer of graphene by the electrolyte, wherein the liquid metal is movable within the electrolyte. Original
The system of claim 14 further comprising: a first electrical contact coupled to a first portion of the first layer of graphene, wherein the first electrical contact is at least partially within the first end of the channel; a second electrical contact coupled to a second portion of the first layer of graphene, wherein the second electrical contact is outside of the first end of the channel; a third electrical contact coupled to a first portion of the second layer of graphene, wherein the third electrical contact is at least partially within the second end of the channel; and a fourth electrical contact coupled to a second portion of the second layer of graphene, wherein the fourth electrical contact is outside of the second end of the channel. Original
A method comprising the steps of: providing a system including a substrate, a first layer of graphene and a second layer of graphene disposed on the substrate, an enclosure having a channel formed therein disposed on the substrate and encasing the first layer of graphene and the second layer of graphene, wherein a first end of the channel is disposed over at least a portion of the first layer of graphene and a second end of the channel is disposed over at least a portion of the second layer of graphene, an electrolyte disposed within the channel, and liquid metal disposed within the electrolyte such that the liquid metal is separated from the first layer of graphene and the second layer of graphene by the electrolyte, wherein the liquid metal is movable within the electrolyte; and using an actuation technique to cause the liquid metal to move within the electrolyte until it is at least substantially positioned above one of the first layer of graphene and the second layer of graphene. Original
The method of claim 18, wherein the system further comprises a first electrical contact coupled to a first portion of the first layer of graphene, wherein the first electrical contact is at least partially within the first end of the channel, a second electrical contact coupled to a second portion of the first layer of graphene, wherein the second electrical contact is outside of the first end of the channel, a third electrical contact coupled to a first portion of the second layer of graphene, wherein the third electrical contact is at least partially within the second end of the channel, and a fourth electrical contact coupled to a second portion of the second layer of graphene, wherein the fourth electrical contact is outside of the second end of the channel, the method further comprising the steps of: connecting a first load to the first electrical contact and the second electrical contact; and connecting a second load to the third electrical contact and the fourth electrical contact. Original
Layer stacks claimed or described, ordered top of device to substrate.
reconfigurable liquid metal and graphene power source (single-cell device)
reconfigurable liquid metal and graphene power system
Materials described outside the worked examples.
graphene
liquid metal
Measurements and analyses referenced in the patent, with their drawing references.
FIG. 1, power source 10 is connected to a load 50. Load 50 may comprise any type of load requiring a power source. For example, in embodiments where power …
Performance values and ranges asserted in the specification or claims.
| Property | Value | Material |
|---|---|---|
EDL voltage per cell | 0.6–1.2 V | GalinstanNaOH |
Patent
Atlas literature
Patent
US 9,997,775Patent drawings and their descriptions. Click a drawing to enlarge it.
FIG. 1, power source 10 is connected to a load 50. Load 50 may comprise any type of load requiring a power source. For example, in embodiments where power …
FIGS. 2 and 3A-3D. Enclosure 120 is disposed on substrate 110 and encases first layer of graphene 130 and second layer of graphene 140 In some embodiments, …
FIG. 3B. The transfer will be complete when greater than 50 % of liquid metal 160 is in the second end 154 of the channel. The external bias can then be …
FIG. 4 shows a flowchart of an embodiment of a method for using an embodiment of the system in accordance with the Reconfigurable Liquid Metal and Graphene Power …
Claims define the patent's legal scope. Independent claims stand alone; dependent claims (nested) narrow them. Click a claim to expand its dependents.
A device comprising: a la y er of graphene: a la y er of liquid metal: and an electrolyte disposed between and directly contacting both of the [[a]] layer of graphene and the la y er of liquid metal. Currently amended
The device of claim 1, wherein the electrolyte comprises sodium hydroxide. Original
The device of claim 1, wherein the la y er of liquid metal comprises a eutectic alloy in stable liquid form over a temperature range of between about -19 0 C and about 1300 0 C. Currently amended
The device of claim 1, wherein the layer of graphene comprises monolayer graphene. Original
The device of claim 1, wherein the layer of graphene comprises multilayer graphene. Original
The device of claim 1 further comprising at least two electrical contacts, wherein a first electrical contact is in contact with the layer of graphene and a second electrical contact is in contact with the la y er of liquid metal. Currently amended
The device of claim 1, wherein the layer of graphene, the la y er of liquid metal, and the electrolyte are disposed on a substrate and covered by an enclosure disposed on the substrate. Currently amended
The device of claim 1, wherein the electrolyte comprises a liquid. Original
The device of claim 1, wherein the electrolyte comprises a solid. Original
A system comprising: a substrate; a first layer of graphene and a second layer of graphene disposed on the substrate; an enclosure, having a channel formed therein, disposed on the substrate and encasing the first layer of graphene and the second layer of graphene, wherein a first end of the channel is disposed over at least a portion of the first layer of graphene and a second end of the channel is disposed over at least a portion of the second layer of graphene; an electrolyte disposed within the channel; and liquid metal disposed within the electrolyte such that the liquid metal is separated from the first layer of graphene and the second layer of graphene by the electrolyte, wherein the liquid metal is movable within the electrolyte. Original
The system of claim 14 further comprising: a first electrical contact coupled to a first portion of the first layer of graphene, wherein the first electrical contact is at least partially within the first end of the channel; a second electrical contact coupled to a second portion of the first layer of graphene, wherein the second electrical contact is outside of the first end of the channel; a third electrical contact coupled to a first portion of the second layer of graphene, wherein the third electrical contact is at least partially within the second end of the channel; and a fourth electrical contact coupled to a second portion of the second layer of graphene, wherein the fourth electrical contact is outside of the second end of the channel. Original
A method comprising the steps of: providing a system including a substrate, a first layer of graphene and a second layer of graphene disposed on the substrate, an enclosure having a channel formed therein disposed on the substrate and encasing the first layer of graphene and the second layer of graphene, wherein a first end of the channel is disposed over at least a portion of the first layer of graphene and a second end of the channel is disposed over at least a portion of the second layer of graphene, an electrolyte disposed within the channel, and liquid metal disposed within the electrolyte such that the liquid metal is separated from the first layer of graphene and the second layer of graphene by the electrolyte, wherein the liquid metal is movable within the electrolyte; and using an actuation technique to cause the liquid metal to move within the electrolyte until it is at least substantially positioned above one of the first layer of graphene and the second layer of graphene. Original
The method of claim 18, wherein the system further comprises a first electrical contact coupled to a first portion of the first layer of graphene, wherein the first electrical contact is at least partially within the first end of the channel, a second electrical contact coupled to a second portion of the first layer of graphene, wherein the second electrical contact is outside of the first end of the channel, a third electrical contact coupled to a first portion of the second layer of graphene, wherein the third electrical contact is at least partially within the second end of the channel, and a fourth electrical contact coupled to a second portion of the second layer of graphene, wherein the fourth electrical contact is outside of the second end of the channel, the method further comprising the steps of: connecting a first load to the first electrical contact and the second electrical contact; and connecting a second load to the third electrical contact and the fourth electrical contact. Original
Layer stacks claimed or described, ordered top of device to substrate.
reconfigurable liquid metal and graphene power source (single-cell device)
reconfigurable liquid metal and graphene power system
Materials described outside the worked examples.
graphene
liquid metal
Measurements and analyses referenced in the patent, with their drawing references.
FIG. 1, power source 10 is connected to a load 50. Load 50 may comprise any type of load requiring a power source. For example, in embodiments where power …
Performance values and ranges asserted in the specification or claims.
| Property | Value | Material |
|---|---|---|
EDL voltage per cell | 0.6–1.2 V | GalinstanNaOH |
Patent
Atlas literature
Patent
US 9,997,775Patent drawings and their descriptions. Click a drawing to enlarge it.
FIG. 1, power source 10 is connected to a load 50. Load 50 may comprise any type of load requiring a power source. For example, in embodiments where power …
FIGS. 2 and 3A-3D. Enclosure 120 is disposed on substrate 110 and encases first layer of graphene 130 and second layer of graphene 140 In some embodiments, …
FIG. 3B. The transfer will be complete when greater than 50 % of liquid metal 160 is in the second end 154 of the channel. The external bias can then be …
FIG. 4 shows a flowchart of an embodiment of a method for using an embodiment of the system in accordance with the Reconfigurable Liquid Metal and Graphene Power …
Claims define the patent's legal scope. Independent claims stand alone; dependent claims (nested) narrow them. Click a claim to expand its dependents.
A device comprising: a la y er of graphene: a la y er of liquid metal: and an electrolyte disposed between and directly contacting both of the [[a]] layer of graphene and the la y er of liquid metal. Currently amended
The device of claim 1, wherein the electrolyte comprises sodium hydroxide. Original
The device of claim 1, wherein the la y er of liquid metal comprises a eutectic alloy in stable liquid form over a temperature range of between about -19 0 C and about 1300 0 C. Currently amended
The device of claim 1, wherein the layer of graphene comprises monolayer graphene. Original
The device of claim 1, wherein the layer of graphene comprises multilayer graphene. Original
The device of claim 1 further comprising at least two electrical contacts, wherein a first electrical contact is in contact with the layer of graphene and a second electrical contact is in contact with the la y er of liquid metal. Currently amended
The device of claim 1, wherein the layer of graphene, the la y er of liquid metal, and the electrolyte are disposed on a substrate and covered by an enclosure disposed on the substrate. Currently amended
The device of claim 1, wherein the electrolyte comprises a liquid. Original
The device of claim 1, wherein the electrolyte comprises a solid. Original
A system comprising: a substrate; a first layer of graphene and a second layer of graphene disposed on the substrate; an enclosure, having a channel formed therein, disposed on the substrate and encasing the first layer of graphene and the second layer of graphene, wherein a first end of the channel is disposed over at least a portion of the first layer of graphene and a second end of the channel is disposed over at least a portion of the second layer of graphene; an electrolyte disposed within the channel; and liquid metal disposed within the electrolyte such that the liquid metal is separated from the first layer of graphene and the second layer of graphene by the electrolyte, wherein the liquid metal is movable within the electrolyte. Original
The system of claim 14 further comprising: a first electrical contact coupled to a first portion of the first layer of graphene, wherein the first electrical contact is at least partially within the first end of the channel; a second electrical contact coupled to a second portion of the first layer of graphene, wherein the second electrical contact is outside of the first end of the channel; a third electrical contact coupled to a first portion of the second layer of graphene, wherein the third electrical contact is at least partially within the second end of the channel; and a fourth electrical contact coupled to a second portion of the second layer of graphene, wherein the fourth electrical contact is outside of the second end of the channel. Original
A method comprising the steps of: providing a system including a substrate, a first layer of graphene and a second layer of graphene disposed on the substrate, an enclosure having a channel formed therein disposed on the substrate and encasing the first layer of graphene and the second layer of graphene, wherein a first end of the channel is disposed over at least a portion of the first layer of graphene and a second end of the channel is disposed over at least a portion of the second layer of graphene, an electrolyte disposed within the channel, and liquid metal disposed within the electrolyte such that the liquid metal is separated from the first layer of graphene and the second layer of graphene by the electrolyte, wherein the liquid metal is movable within the electrolyte; and using an actuation technique to cause the liquid metal to move within the electrolyte until it is at least substantially positioned above one of the first layer of graphene and the second layer of graphene. Original
The method of claim 18, wherein the system further comprises a first electrical contact coupled to a first portion of the first layer of graphene, wherein the first electrical contact is at least partially within the first end of the channel, a second electrical contact coupled to a second portion of the first layer of graphene, wherein the second electrical contact is outside of the first end of the channel, a third electrical contact coupled to a first portion of the second layer of graphene, wherein the third electrical contact is at least partially within the second end of the channel, and a fourth electrical contact coupled to a second portion of the second layer of graphene, wherein the fourth electrical contact is outside of the second end of the channel, the method further comprising the steps of: connecting a first load to the first electrical contact and the second electrical contact; and connecting a second load to the third electrical contact and the fourth electrical contact. Original
Layer stacks claimed or described, ordered top of device to substrate.
reconfigurable liquid metal and graphene power source (single-cell device)
reconfigurable liquid metal and graphene power system
Materials described outside the worked examples.
graphene
liquid metal
Measurements and analyses referenced in the patent, with their drawing references.
FIG. 1, power source 10 is connected to a load 50. Load 50 may comprise any type of load requiring a power source. For example, in embodiments where power …
Performance values and ranges asserted in the specification or claims.
| Property | Value | Material |
|---|---|---|
EDL voltage per cell | 0.6–1.2 V | GalinstanNaOH |
Patent
Atlas literature
Patent
US 9,997,775Patent drawings and their descriptions. Click a drawing to enlarge it.
FIG. 1, power source 10 is connected to a load 50. Load 50 may comprise any type of load requiring a power source. For example, in embodiments where power …
FIGS. 2 and 3A-3D. Enclosure 120 is disposed on substrate 110 and encases first layer of graphene 130 and second layer of graphene 140 In some embodiments, …
FIG. 3B. The transfer will be complete when greater than 50 % of liquid metal 160 is in the second end 154 of the channel. The external bias can then be …
FIG. 4 shows a flowchart of an embodiment of a method for using an embodiment of the system in accordance with the Reconfigurable Liquid Metal and Graphene Power …
Claims define the patent's legal scope. Independent claims stand alone; dependent claims (nested) narrow them. Click a claim to expand its dependents.
A device comprising: a la y er of graphene: a la y er of liquid metal: and an electrolyte disposed between and directly contacting both of the [[a]] layer of graphene and the la y er of liquid metal. Currently amended
The device of claim 1, wherein the electrolyte comprises sodium hydroxide. Original
The device of claim 1, wherein the la y er of liquid metal comprises a eutectic alloy in stable liquid form over a temperature range of between about -19 0 C and about 1300 0 C. Currently amended
The device of claim 1, wherein the layer of graphene comprises monolayer graphene. Original
The device of claim 1, wherein the layer of graphene comprises multilayer graphene. Original
The device of claim 1 further comprising at least two electrical contacts, wherein a first electrical contact is in contact with the layer of graphene and a second electrical contact is in contact with the la y er of liquid metal. Currently amended
The device of claim 1, wherein the layer of graphene, the la y er of liquid metal, and the electrolyte are disposed on a substrate and covered by an enclosure disposed on the substrate. Currently amended
The device of claim 1, wherein the electrolyte comprises a liquid. Original
The device of claim 1, wherein the electrolyte comprises a solid. Original
A system comprising: a substrate; a first layer of graphene and a second layer of graphene disposed on the substrate; an enclosure, having a channel formed therein, disposed on the substrate and encasing the first layer of graphene and the second layer of graphene, wherein a first end of the channel is disposed over at least a portion of the first layer of graphene and a second end of the channel is disposed over at least a portion of the second layer of graphene; an electrolyte disposed within the channel; and liquid metal disposed within the electrolyte such that the liquid metal is separated from the first layer of graphene and the second layer of graphene by the electrolyte, wherein the liquid metal is movable within the electrolyte. Original
The system of claim 14 further comprising: a first electrical contact coupled to a first portion of the first layer of graphene, wherein the first electrical contact is at least partially within the first end of the channel; a second electrical contact coupled to a second portion of the first layer of graphene, wherein the second electrical contact is outside of the first end of the channel; a third electrical contact coupled to a first portion of the second layer of graphene, wherein the third electrical contact is at least partially within the second end of the channel; and a fourth electrical contact coupled to a second portion of the second layer of graphene, wherein the fourth electrical contact is outside of the second end of the channel. Original
A method comprising the steps of: providing a system including a substrate, a first layer of graphene and a second layer of graphene disposed on the substrate, an enclosure having a channel formed therein disposed on the substrate and encasing the first layer of graphene and the second layer of graphene, wherein a first end of the channel is disposed over at least a portion of the first layer of graphene and a second end of the channel is disposed over at least a portion of the second layer of graphene, an electrolyte disposed within the channel, and liquid metal disposed within the electrolyte such that the liquid metal is separated from the first layer of graphene and the second layer of graphene by the electrolyte, wherein the liquid metal is movable within the electrolyte; and using an actuation technique to cause the liquid metal to move within the electrolyte until it is at least substantially positioned above one of the first layer of graphene and the second layer of graphene. Original
The method of claim 18, wherein the system further comprises a first electrical contact coupled to a first portion of the first layer of graphene, wherein the first electrical contact is at least partially within the first end of the channel, a second electrical contact coupled to a second portion of the first layer of graphene, wherein the second electrical contact is outside of the first end of the channel, a third electrical contact coupled to a first portion of the second layer of graphene, wherein the third electrical contact is at least partially within the second end of the channel, and a fourth electrical contact coupled to a second portion of the second layer of graphene, wherein the fourth electrical contact is outside of the second end of the channel, the method further comprising the steps of: connecting a first load to the first electrical contact and the second electrical contact; and connecting a second load to the third electrical contact and the fourth electrical contact. Original
Layer stacks claimed or described, ordered top of device to substrate.
reconfigurable liquid metal and graphene power source (single-cell device)
reconfigurable liquid metal and graphene power system
Materials described outside the worked examples.
graphene
liquid metal
Measurements and analyses referenced in the patent, with their drawing references.
FIG. 1, power source 10 is connected to a load 50. Load 50 may comprise any type of load requiring a power source. For example, in embodiments where power …
Performance values and ranges asserted in the specification or claims.
| Property | Value | Material |
|---|---|---|
EDL voltage per cell | 0.6–1.2 V | GalinstanNaOH |
sodium hydroxide
NaOH
eutectic alloy liquid metal
gallium-based alloy
gallium-indium-tin alloy
monolayer graphene
multilayer graphene
Galinstan
potassium hydroxide
KOH
FIG. 3B. The transfer will be complete when greater than 50 % of liquid metal 160 is in the second end 154 of the channel. The external bias can then be …
sodium hydroxide
NaOH
eutectic alloy liquid metal
gallium-based alloy
gallium-indium-tin alloy
monolayer graphene
multilayer graphene
Galinstan
potassium hydroxide
KOH
FIG. 3B. The transfer will be complete when greater than 50 % of liquid metal 160 is in the second end 154 of the channel. The external bias can then be …
sodium hydroxide
NaOH
eutectic alloy liquid metal
gallium-based alloy
gallium-indium-tin alloy
monolayer graphene
multilayer graphene
Galinstan
potassium hydroxide
KOH
FIG. 3B. The transfer will be complete when greater than 50 % of liquid metal 160 is in the second end 154 of the channel. The external bias can then be …
sodium hydroxide
NaOH
eutectic alloy liquid metal
gallium-based alloy
gallium-indium-tin alloy
monolayer graphene
multilayer graphene
Galinstan
potassium hydroxide
KOH
FIG. 3B. The transfer will be complete when greater than 50 % of liquid metal 160 is in the second end 154 of the channel. The external bias can then be …