Patent
US 9,093,693PROCESS FOR PRODUCING NANO GRAPHENE REINFORCED COMPOSITE PARTICLES FOR LITHIUM BATTERY ELECTRODES
Aruna Zhamu, Bor Z. Jang, Jinjun Shi
US
Copyright © 2026 Matter42. All rights reserved.
Patent
Atlas literature
Patent
US 9,093,693Patent drawings and their descriptions. Click a drawing to enlarge it.
FIG.1 Schematic of a prior art anode active material (e.g., Si particles) that tends to undergo pulverization during battery cycling. 1 5
FIG.2 Two preferred structures of the presently invented solid nanocomposite particles: (A) A spherical nanocomposite particle comprising electro-active …
FIG.3 A prior art anode active material in the form of Si nano-wires that were catalytically grown on a surface of a current collector [Ref. 28]: (A) Si …
FIG.4 The lateral dimensions (average length and width) of NGPs appear to dictate the 25 diameters of the NGP-containing nanocomposite solid particles after …
FIG.5 The half-cell cycling behaviors of Sample 1 (NGP-reinforced carbon matrix-protected Si nano particles), Comparative Sample l a (carbon-protected Si nano …
FIG.6 Long cycle life of Sample 1.
FIG.7 Cycling behaviors of Sn particles dispersed in NGP-reinforced and un-reinforced Li₂ 0 matrix.
FIG.8 Cycling behaviors of Sample 6A (45% Si nanowires, 22% NGPs, and 33% carbon 5 matrix, Comparative Sample 6 B (approximately 46% Si nanowires, 21% carbon …
FIG.9 Cycling responses of two lithium ion phosphate-based nanocomposite electrodes.
FIG. 10 Cycling responses of cathode strictures: (1) 88% by weight *-LiV₂ 05 nano-rods, 5% by [0 weight NGPs, and 7% by weight carbon; (2) 88% by weight *-LiV₂ …
FIG. 11 Cycling responses of three composite materials: (1) Approximately 20% Si (60 nm diameter) + 40% graphite + 40% carbon; (2) Approximately 20% Si (60 nm …
FIG. 12 Fracture toughness (critical stress intensity factor) values of three series of carbon matrix composites: (1) carbon matrix reinforced with NGPs; (2) …
Claims define the patent's legal scope. Independent claims stand alone; dependent claims (nested) narrow them. Click a claim to expand its dependents.
YPL 1 422U S IN THE CLAIMS 1. A process for producing solid nanocomposite particles for lithium metal or lithium ion battery electrodes, said process comprising: SVG 12319812.02-10-2015.I₆₀YFPRBPXXIFW1.CLM.1.svg 0.47 6.19 Black and white with a dimension smaller than 1 m; SVG 12319812.02-10-2015.I₆₀YFPRBPXXIFW1.CLM.2.svg 0.87 6.48 Black and white protective matrix material to form said solid nanocomposite particles, wherein said protective matrix material is reinforced by said nano graphene platelets.
The process of claim 1, wherein Step (C) comprises: SVG 12319812.02-10-2015.I₆₀YFPRBPXXIFW1.CLM.3.svg 0.29 6.26 Black and white precursor fluid medium to form a suspension wherein said fluid medium contains a precursor matrix material dispersed or dissolved therein; and SVG 12319812.02-10-2015.I₆₀YFPRBPXXIFW1.CLM.4.svg 0.29 6.4 Black and white precursor matrix material is converted into said protective matrix material reinforced by said nano graphene platelets and said electrode active material is substantially dispersed in said protective matrix material.
The process of claim 1, wherein said solid nanocomposite particles are of substantially spherical or ellipsoidal shape with a dimension less than 10 pm.
The process of claim 1, wherein said protective matrix material is lithium ion-conducting.
The process of claim 1, wherein said protective matrix material is selected from a polymer, polymeric carbon, amorphous carbon, meso-phase carbon, coke, petroleum pitch, coal tar pitch, meso-phase pitch, metal oxide, metal hydride, metal nitride, metal carbide, metal sulfide, ceramic, inorganic, organic material, or a combination thereof.
The process of claim 1, wherein said nano graphene platelets have a thickness less than 10 nm.
The process of claim 1, wherein said nano graphene platelets have a thickness less than 1 nm.
The process of claim 1, wherein said graphene platelets are prepared from exfoliation and platelet separation of a natural graphite, synthetic graphite, highly oriented pyrolytic graphite, graphite fiber, carbon fiber, carbon nano-fiber, graphitic nano-fiber, spherical graphite or graphite globule, meso-phase micro-bead, meso-phase pitch, graphitic coke, or graphitized polymeric carbon; and said step of exfoliation and platelet separation is conducted SVG 12319812.02-10-2015.I₆₀YFPRBPXXIFW1.CLM.7.svg 0.29 6.35 Black and white
The process as defined in claim 1, wherein said electrode active material comprises fine particles, rods, wires, fibers, or tubes with a dimension smaller than 0.5 pm.
The process as defined in claim 1, wherein said electrode active material comprises fine particles, rods, wires, fibers, or tubes with a dimension smaller than 200 nm.
The process as defined in claim 1, wherein said electrode active material comprises nano particles, nano rods, nano wires, nano fibers, or nano tubes with a dimension smaller than 700 nm but larger than 100 nm.
The process as defined in claim 1, wherein said electrode active material comprises nano particles, nano rods, nano wires, nano fibers, or nano tubes of silicon, germanium, or tin with a diameter smaller than 100 nm.
The process of claim 1 wherein the electrode active material comprises an anode active material selected from the group consisting of: a) silicon (Si), germanium (Ge), tin (Sn), lead (Pb), antimony (Sb), bismuth (Bi), zin c (Zn), aluminum (Al), and cadmium (Cd); b) alloys or intermetallic compounds of Si, Ge, Sn, Pb, Sb, Bi, Zn, Al, or Cd with other elements, wherein said alloys or compounds are stoichiometric or non-stoichiometric; c) oxides, carbides, nitrides, sulfides, phosphides, selenides, and tellurides of Si, Ge, Sn, Pb, Sb, Bi, Zn, Al, Fe, or Cd, and their mixtures or composites; and 4 YPL 1 422US d) combinations thereof.
The process of claim 1 wherein the electrode active material comprises a cathode active material selected from the group consisting of lithium cobalt oxide, doped lithium cobalt oxide, lithium nickel oxide, doped lithium nickel oxide, lithium manganese oxide, doped lithium manganese oxide, lithium iron phosphate, lithium manganese phosphate, lithium vanadium oxide, doped lithium vanadium oxide, lithium vanadium phosphate, lithium transition metal phosphate, lithium mixed-metal phosphates, metal sulfides, combinations thereof.
The process of claim 1 wherein said graphene 50 % of the total nanocomposite weight, said wa of 10% to 80 % of the total nanocomposite fraction wm of 4 % to 30 % of the total nanocomposite
The process of claim 1, further comprising a carbon nano-fiber, or a nano-rod.
canceled
canceled
canceled
5 canceled metal phosphides, metal halogenides, and platelets occupy a weight fraction wg of 2 % to electrode active material occupies a weight fraction weight, and said matrix material occupies a weight weight with wg+wa+wm 1. nano filler selected from a carbon nano-tube, a
Layer stacks claimed or described, ordered top of device to substrate.
lithium metal or lithium ion battery electrode (nanocomposite particle)
Materials described outside the worked examples.
nano graphene platelets
electrode active material
Additional fabrication and treatment steps described in the patent.
Performance values and ranges asserted in the specification or claims.
| Property | Value | Material |
|---|---|---|
Thickness | 85–150 nm | — |
Duration | 30–120 s |
Patent
Atlas literature
Patent
US 9,093,693Patent drawings and their descriptions. Click a drawing to enlarge it.
FIG.1 Schematic of a prior art anode active material (e.g., Si particles) that tends to undergo pulverization during battery cycling. 1 5
FIG.2 Two preferred structures of the presently invented solid nanocomposite particles: (A) A spherical nanocomposite particle comprising electro-active …
FIG.3 A prior art anode active material in the form of Si nano-wires that were catalytically grown on a surface of a current collector [Ref. 28]: (A) Si …
FIG.4 The lateral dimensions (average length and width) of NGPs appear to dictate the 25 diameters of the NGP-containing nanocomposite solid particles after …
FIG.5 The half-cell cycling behaviors of Sample 1 (NGP-reinforced carbon matrix-protected Si nano particles), Comparative Sample l a (carbon-protected Si nano …
FIG.6 Long cycle life of Sample 1.
FIG.7 Cycling behaviors of Sn particles dispersed in NGP-reinforced and un-reinforced Li₂ 0 matrix.
FIG.8 Cycling behaviors of Sample 6A (45% Si nanowires, 22% NGPs, and 33% carbon 5 matrix, Comparative Sample 6 B (approximately 46% Si nanowires, 21% carbon …
FIG.9 Cycling responses of two lithium ion phosphate-based nanocomposite electrodes.
FIG. 10 Cycling responses of cathode strictures: (1) 88% by weight *-LiV₂ 05 nano-rods, 5% by [0 weight NGPs, and 7% by weight carbon; (2) 88% by weight *-LiV₂ …
FIG. 11 Cycling responses of three composite materials: (1) Approximately 20% Si (60 nm diameter) + 40% graphite + 40% carbon; (2) Approximately 20% Si (60 nm …
FIG. 12 Fracture toughness (critical stress intensity factor) values of three series of carbon matrix composites: (1) carbon matrix reinforced with NGPs; (2) …
Claims define the patent's legal scope. Independent claims stand alone; dependent claims (nested) narrow them. Click a claim to expand its dependents.
YPL 1 422U S IN THE CLAIMS 1. A process for producing solid nanocomposite particles for lithium metal or lithium ion battery electrodes, said process comprising: SVG 12319812.02-10-2015.I₆₀YFPRBPXXIFW1.CLM.1.svg 0.47 6.19 Black and white with a dimension smaller than 1 m; SVG 12319812.02-10-2015.I₆₀YFPRBPXXIFW1.CLM.2.svg 0.87 6.48 Black and white protective matrix material to form said solid nanocomposite particles, wherein said protective matrix material is reinforced by said nano graphene platelets.
The process of claim 1, wherein Step (C) comprises: SVG 12319812.02-10-2015.I₆₀YFPRBPXXIFW1.CLM.3.svg 0.29 6.26 Black and white precursor fluid medium to form a suspension wherein said fluid medium contains a precursor matrix material dispersed or dissolved therein; and SVG 12319812.02-10-2015.I₆₀YFPRBPXXIFW1.CLM.4.svg 0.29 6.4 Black and white precursor matrix material is converted into said protective matrix material reinforced by said nano graphene platelets and said electrode active material is substantially dispersed in said protective matrix material.
The process of claim 1, wherein said solid nanocomposite particles are of substantially spherical or ellipsoidal shape with a dimension less than 10 pm.
The process of claim 1, wherein said protective matrix material is lithium ion-conducting.
The process of claim 1, wherein said protective matrix material is selected from a polymer, polymeric carbon, amorphous carbon, meso-phase carbon, coke, petroleum pitch, coal tar pitch, meso-phase pitch, metal oxide, metal hydride, metal nitride, metal carbide, metal sulfide, ceramic, inorganic, organic material, or a combination thereof.
The process of claim 1, wherein said nano graphene platelets have a thickness less than 10 nm.
The process of claim 1, wherein said nano graphene platelets have a thickness less than 1 nm.
The process of claim 1, wherein said graphene platelets are prepared from exfoliation and platelet separation of a natural graphite, synthetic graphite, highly oriented pyrolytic graphite, graphite fiber, carbon fiber, carbon nano-fiber, graphitic nano-fiber, spherical graphite or graphite globule, meso-phase micro-bead, meso-phase pitch, graphitic coke, or graphitized polymeric carbon; and said step of exfoliation and platelet separation is conducted SVG 12319812.02-10-2015.I₆₀YFPRBPXXIFW1.CLM.7.svg 0.29 6.35 Black and white
The process as defined in claim 1, wherein said electrode active material comprises fine particles, rods, wires, fibers, or tubes with a dimension smaller than 0.5 pm.
The process as defined in claim 1, wherein said electrode active material comprises fine particles, rods, wires, fibers, or tubes with a dimension smaller than 200 nm.
The process as defined in claim 1, wherein said electrode active material comprises nano particles, nano rods, nano wires, nano fibers, or nano tubes with a dimension smaller than 700 nm but larger than 100 nm.
The process as defined in claim 1, wherein said electrode active material comprises nano particles, nano rods, nano wires, nano fibers, or nano tubes of silicon, germanium, or tin with a diameter smaller than 100 nm.
The process of claim 1 wherein the electrode active material comprises an anode active material selected from the group consisting of: a) silicon (Si), germanium (Ge), tin (Sn), lead (Pb), antimony (Sb), bismuth (Bi), zin c (Zn), aluminum (Al), and cadmium (Cd); b) alloys or intermetallic compounds of Si, Ge, Sn, Pb, Sb, Bi, Zn, Al, or Cd with other elements, wherein said alloys or compounds are stoichiometric or non-stoichiometric; c) oxides, carbides, nitrides, sulfides, phosphides, selenides, and tellurides of Si, Ge, Sn, Pb, Sb, Bi, Zn, Al, Fe, or Cd, and their mixtures or composites; and 4 YPL 1 422US d) combinations thereof.
The process of claim 1 wherein the electrode active material comprises a cathode active material selected from the group consisting of lithium cobalt oxide, doped lithium cobalt oxide, lithium nickel oxide, doped lithium nickel oxide, lithium manganese oxide, doped lithium manganese oxide, lithium iron phosphate, lithium manganese phosphate, lithium vanadium oxide, doped lithium vanadium oxide, lithium vanadium phosphate, lithium transition metal phosphate, lithium mixed-metal phosphates, metal sulfides, combinations thereof.
The process of claim 1 wherein said graphene 50 % of the total nanocomposite weight, said wa of 10% to 80 % of the total nanocomposite fraction wm of 4 % to 30 % of the total nanocomposite
The process of claim 1, further comprising a carbon nano-fiber, or a nano-rod.
canceled
canceled
canceled
5 canceled metal phosphides, metal halogenides, and platelets occupy a weight fraction wg of 2 % to electrode active material occupies a weight fraction weight, and said matrix material occupies a weight weight with wg+wa+wm 1. nano filler selected from a carbon nano-tube, a
Layer stacks claimed or described, ordered top of device to substrate.
lithium metal or lithium ion battery electrode (nanocomposite particle)
Materials described outside the worked examples.
nano graphene platelets
electrode active material
Additional fabrication and treatment steps described in the patent.
Performance values and ranges asserted in the specification or claims.
| Property | Value | Material |
|---|---|---|
Thickness | 85–150 nm | — |
Duration | 30–120 s |
Patent
Atlas literature
Patent
US 9,093,693Patent drawings and their descriptions. Click a drawing to enlarge it.
FIG.1 Schematic of a prior art anode active material (e.g., Si particles) that tends to undergo pulverization during battery cycling. 1 5
FIG.2 Two preferred structures of the presently invented solid nanocomposite particles: (A) A spherical nanocomposite particle comprising electro-active …
FIG.3 A prior art anode active material in the form of Si nano-wires that were catalytically grown on a surface of a current collector [Ref. 28]: (A) Si …
FIG.4 The lateral dimensions (average length and width) of NGPs appear to dictate the 25 diameters of the NGP-containing nanocomposite solid particles after …
FIG.5 The half-cell cycling behaviors of Sample 1 (NGP-reinforced carbon matrix-protected Si nano particles), Comparative Sample l a (carbon-protected Si nano …
FIG.6 Long cycle life of Sample 1.
FIG.7 Cycling behaviors of Sn particles dispersed in NGP-reinforced and un-reinforced Li₂ 0 matrix.
FIG.8 Cycling behaviors of Sample 6A (45% Si nanowires, 22% NGPs, and 33% carbon 5 matrix, Comparative Sample 6 B (approximately 46% Si nanowires, 21% carbon …
FIG.9 Cycling responses of two lithium ion phosphate-based nanocomposite electrodes.
FIG. 10 Cycling responses of cathode strictures: (1) 88% by weight *-LiV₂ 05 nano-rods, 5% by [0 weight NGPs, and 7% by weight carbon; (2) 88% by weight *-LiV₂ …
FIG. 11 Cycling responses of three composite materials: (1) Approximately 20% Si (60 nm diameter) + 40% graphite + 40% carbon; (2) Approximately 20% Si (60 nm …
FIG. 12 Fracture toughness (critical stress intensity factor) values of three series of carbon matrix composites: (1) carbon matrix reinforced with NGPs; (2) …
Claims define the patent's legal scope. Independent claims stand alone; dependent claims (nested) narrow them. Click a claim to expand its dependents.
YPL 1 422U S IN THE CLAIMS 1. A process for producing solid nanocomposite particles for lithium metal or lithium ion battery electrodes, said process comprising: SVG 12319812.02-10-2015.I₆₀YFPRBPXXIFW1.CLM.1.svg 0.47 6.19 Black and white with a dimension smaller than 1 m; SVG 12319812.02-10-2015.I₆₀YFPRBPXXIFW1.CLM.2.svg 0.87 6.48 Black and white protective matrix material to form said solid nanocomposite particles, wherein said protective matrix material is reinforced by said nano graphene platelets.
The process of claim 1, wherein Step (C) comprises: SVG 12319812.02-10-2015.I₆₀YFPRBPXXIFW1.CLM.3.svg 0.29 6.26 Black and white precursor fluid medium to form a suspension wherein said fluid medium contains a precursor matrix material dispersed or dissolved therein; and SVG 12319812.02-10-2015.I₆₀YFPRBPXXIFW1.CLM.4.svg 0.29 6.4 Black and white precursor matrix material is converted into said protective matrix material reinforced by said nano graphene platelets and said electrode active material is substantially dispersed in said protective matrix material.
The process of claim 1, wherein said solid nanocomposite particles are of substantially spherical or ellipsoidal shape with a dimension less than 10 pm.
The process of claim 1, wherein said protective matrix material is lithium ion-conducting.
The process of claim 1, wherein said protective matrix material is selected from a polymer, polymeric carbon, amorphous carbon, meso-phase carbon, coke, petroleum pitch, coal tar pitch, meso-phase pitch, metal oxide, metal hydride, metal nitride, metal carbide, metal sulfide, ceramic, inorganic, organic material, or a combination thereof.
The process of claim 1, wherein said nano graphene platelets have a thickness less than 10 nm.
The process of claim 1, wherein said nano graphene platelets have a thickness less than 1 nm.
The process of claim 1, wherein said graphene platelets are prepared from exfoliation and platelet separation of a natural graphite, synthetic graphite, highly oriented pyrolytic graphite, graphite fiber, carbon fiber, carbon nano-fiber, graphitic nano-fiber, spherical graphite or graphite globule, meso-phase micro-bead, meso-phase pitch, graphitic coke, or graphitized polymeric carbon; and said step of exfoliation and platelet separation is conducted SVG 12319812.02-10-2015.I₆₀YFPRBPXXIFW1.CLM.7.svg 0.29 6.35 Black and white
The process as defined in claim 1, wherein said electrode active material comprises fine particles, rods, wires, fibers, or tubes with a dimension smaller than 0.5 pm.
The process as defined in claim 1, wherein said electrode active material comprises fine particles, rods, wires, fibers, or tubes with a dimension smaller than 200 nm.
The process as defined in claim 1, wherein said electrode active material comprises nano particles, nano rods, nano wires, nano fibers, or nano tubes with a dimension smaller than 700 nm but larger than 100 nm.
The process as defined in claim 1, wherein said electrode active material comprises nano particles, nano rods, nano wires, nano fibers, or nano tubes of silicon, germanium, or tin with a diameter smaller than 100 nm.
The process of claim 1 wherein the electrode active material comprises an anode active material selected from the group consisting of: a) silicon (Si), germanium (Ge), tin (Sn), lead (Pb), antimony (Sb), bismuth (Bi), zin c (Zn), aluminum (Al), and cadmium (Cd); b) alloys or intermetallic compounds of Si, Ge, Sn, Pb, Sb, Bi, Zn, Al, or Cd with other elements, wherein said alloys or compounds are stoichiometric or non-stoichiometric; c) oxides, carbides, nitrides, sulfides, phosphides, selenides, and tellurides of Si, Ge, Sn, Pb, Sb, Bi, Zn, Al, Fe, or Cd, and their mixtures or composites; and 4 YPL 1 422US d) combinations thereof.
The process of claim 1 wherein the electrode active material comprises a cathode active material selected from the group consisting of lithium cobalt oxide, doped lithium cobalt oxide, lithium nickel oxide, doped lithium nickel oxide, lithium manganese oxide, doped lithium manganese oxide, lithium iron phosphate, lithium manganese phosphate, lithium vanadium oxide, doped lithium vanadium oxide, lithium vanadium phosphate, lithium transition metal phosphate, lithium mixed-metal phosphates, metal sulfides, combinations thereof.
The process of claim 1 wherein said graphene 50 % of the total nanocomposite weight, said wa of 10% to 80 % of the total nanocomposite fraction wm of 4 % to 30 % of the total nanocomposite
The process of claim 1, further comprising a carbon nano-fiber, or a nano-rod.
canceled
canceled
canceled
5 canceled metal phosphides, metal halogenides, and platelets occupy a weight fraction wg of 2 % to electrode active material occupies a weight fraction weight, and said matrix material occupies a weight weight with wg+wa+wm 1. nano filler selected from a carbon nano-tube, a
Layer stacks claimed or described, ordered top of device to substrate.
lithium metal or lithium ion battery electrode (nanocomposite particle)
Materials described outside the worked examples.
nano graphene platelets
electrode active material
Additional fabrication and treatment steps described in the patent.
Performance values and ranges asserted in the specification or claims.
| Property | Value | Material |
|---|---|---|
Thickness | 85–150 nm | — |
Duration | 30–120 s |
Patent
Atlas literature
Patent
US 9,093,693Patent drawings and their descriptions. Click a drawing to enlarge it.
FIG.1 Schematic of a prior art anode active material (e.g., Si particles) that tends to undergo pulverization during battery cycling. 1 5
FIG.2 Two preferred structures of the presently invented solid nanocomposite particles: (A) A spherical nanocomposite particle comprising electro-active …
FIG.3 A prior art anode active material in the form of Si nano-wires that were catalytically grown on a surface of a current collector [Ref. 28]: (A) Si …
FIG.4 The lateral dimensions (average length and width) of NGPs appear to dictate the 25 diameters of the NGP-containing nanocomposite solid particles after …
FIG.5 The half-cell cycling behaviors of Sample 1 (NGP-reinforced carbon matrix-protected Si nano particles), Comparative Sample l a (carbon-protected Si nano …
FIG.6 Long cycle life of Sample 1.
FIG.7 Cycling behaviors of Sn particles dispersed in NGP-reinforced and un-reinforced Li₂ 0 matrix.
FIG.8 Cycling behaviors of Sample 6A (45% Si nanowires, 22% NGPs, and 33% carbon 5 matrix, Comparative Sample 6 B (approximately 46% Si nanowires, 21% carbon …
FIG.9 Cycling responses of two lithium ion phosphate-based nanocomposite electrodes.
FIG. 10 Cycling responses of cathode strictures: (1) 88% by weight *-LiV₂ 05 nano-rods, 5% by [0 weight NGPs, and 7% by weight carbon; (2) 88% by weight *-LiV₂ …
FIG. 11 Cycling responses of three composite materials: (1) Approximately 20% Si (60 nm diameter) + 40% graphite + 40% carbon; (2) Approximately 20% Si (60 nm …
FIG. 12 Fracture toughness (critical stress intensity factor) values of three series of carbon matrix composites: (1) carbon matrix reinforced with NGPs; (2) …
Claims define the patent's legal scope. Independent claims stand alone; dependent claims (nested) narrow them. Click a claim to expand its dependents.
YPL 1 422U S IN THE CLAIMS 1. A process for producing solid nanocomposite particles for lithium metal or lithium ion battery electrodes, said process comprising: SVG 12319812.02-10-2015.I₆₀YFPRBPXXIFW1.CLM.1.svg 0.47 6.19 Black and white with a dimension smaller than 1 m; SVG 12319812.02-10-2015.I₆₀YFPRBPXXIFW1.CLM.2.svg 0.87 6.48 Black and white protective matrix material to form said solid nanocomposite particles, wherein said protective matrix material is reinforced by said nano graphene platelets.
The process of claim 1, wherein Step (C) comprises: SVG 12319812.02-10-2015.I₆₀YFPRBPXXIFW1.CLM.3.svg 0.29 6.26 Black and white precursor fluid medium to form a suspension wherein said fluid medium contains a precursor matrix material dispersed or dissolved therein; and SVG 12319812.02-10-2015.I₆₀YFPRBPXXIFW1.CLM.4.svg 0.29 6.4 Black and white precursor matrix material is converted into said protective matrix material reinforced by said nano graphene platelets and said electrode active material is substantially dispersed in said protective matrix material.
The process of claim 1, wherein said solid nanocomposite particles are of substantially spherical or ellipsoidal shape with a dimension less than 10 pm.
The process of claim 1, wherein said protective matrix material is lithium ion-conducting.
The process of claim 1, wherein said protective matrix material is selected from a polymer, polymeric carbon, amorphous carbon, meso-phase carbon, coke, petroleum pitch, coal tar pitch, meso-phase pitch, metal oxide, metal hydride, metal nitride, metal carbide, metal sulfide, ceramic, inorganic, organic material, or a combination thereof.
The process of claim 1, wherein said nano graphene platelets have a thickness less than 10 nm.
The process of claim 1, wherein said nano graphene platelets have a thickness less than 1 nm.
The process of claim 1, wherein said graphene platelets are prepared from exfoliation and platelet separation of a natural graphite, synthetic graphite, highly oriented pyrolytic graphite, graphite fiber, carbon fiber, carbon nano-fiber, graphitic nano-fiber, spherical graphite or graphite globule, meso-phase micro-bead, meso-phase pitch, graphitic coke, or graphitized polymeric carbon; and said step of exfoliation and platelet separation is conducted SVG 12319812.02-10-2015.I₆₀YFPRBPXXIFW1.CLM.7.svg 0.29 6.35 Black and white
The process as defined in claim 1, wherein said electrode active material comprises fine particles, rods, wires, fibers, or tubes with a dimension smaller than 0.5 pm.
The process as defined in claim 1, wherein said electrode active material comprises fine particles, rods, wires, fibers, or tubes with a dimension smaller than 200 nm.
The process as defined in claim 1, wherein said electrode active material comprises nano particles, nano rods, nano wires, nano fibers, or nano tubes with a dimension smaller than 700 nm but larger than 100 nm.
The process as defined in claim 1, wherein said electrode active material comprises nano particles, nano rods, nano wires, nano fibers, or nano tubes of silicon, germanium, or tin with a diameter smaller than 100 nm.
The process of claim 1 wherein the electrode active material comprises an anode active material selected from the group consisting of: a) silicon (Si), germanium (Ge), tin (Sn), lead (Pb), antimony (Sb), bismuth (Bi), zin c (Zn), aluminum (Al), and cadmium (Cd); b) alloys or intermetallic compounds of Si, Ge, Sn, Pb, Sb, Bi, Zn, Al, or Cd with other elements, wherein said alloys or compounds are stoichiometric or non-stoichiometric; c) oxides, carbides, nitrides, sulfides, phosphides, selenides, and tellurides of Si, Ge, Sn, Pb, Sb, Bi, Zn, Al, Fe, or Cd, and their mixtures or composites; and 4 YPL 1 422US d) combinations thereof.
The process of claim 1 wherein the electrode active material comprises a cathode active material selected from the group consisting of lithium cobalt oxide, doped lithium cobalt oxide, lithium nickel oxide, doped lithium nickel oxide, lithium manganese oxide, doped lithium manganese oxide, lithium iron phosphate, lithium manganese phosphate, lithium vanadium oxide, doped lithium vanadium oxide, lithium vanadium phosphate, lithium transition metal phosphate, lithium mixed-metal phosphates, metal sulfides, combinations thereof.
The process of claim 1 wherein said graphene 50 % of the total nanocomposite weight, said wa of 10% to 80 % of the total nanocomposite fraction wm of 4 % to 30 % of the total nanocomposite
The process of claim 1, further comprising a carbon nano-fiber, or a nano-rod.
canceled
canceled
canceled
5 canceled metal phosphides, metal halogenides, and platelets occupy a weight fraction wg of 2 % to electrode active material occupies a weight fraction weight, and said matrix material occupies a weight weight with wg+wa+wm 1. nano filler selected from a carbon nano-tube, a
Layer stacks claimed or described, ordered top of device to substrate.
lithium metal or lithium ion battery electrode (nanocomposite particle)
Materials described outside the worked examples.
nano graphene platelets
electrode active material
Additional fabrication and treatment steps described in the patent.
Performance values and ranges asserted in the specification or claims.
| Property | Value | Material |
|---|---|---|
Thickness | 85–150 nm | — |
Duration | 30–120 s |
silicon
Si
germanium
Ge
tin
Sn
anode active material alloys and compounds
cathode active material
carbon nano-tube/carbon nano-fiber/nano-rod
amorphous carbon
graphite
| — |
Thickness | 1–2 mm | — |
Thickness | 40–120 nm | — |
Thickness | 50–100 nm | — |
Duration | 1–5 hours | — |
Duration | 1–2 hours | — |
Thickness | ≤ 10 nm | — |
Thickness | ≤ 1 nm | — |
Thickness | ≤ 500 nm | — |
Thickness | ≤ 50 nm | — |
Thickness | ≥ 1 nm | — |
silicon
Si
germanium
Ge
tin
Sn
anode active material alloys and compounds
cathode active material
carbon nano-tube/carbon nano-fiber/nano-rod
amorphous carbon
graphite
| — |
Thickness | 1–2 mm | — |
Thickness | 40–120 nm | — |
Thickness | 50–100 nm | — |
Duration | 1–5 hours | — |
Duration | 1–2 hours | — |
Thickness | ≤ 10 nm | — |
Thickness | ≤ 1 nm | — |
Thickness | ≤ 500 nm | — |
Thickness | ≤ 50 nm | — |
Thickness | ≥ 1 nm | — |
silicon
Si
germanium
Ge
tin
Sn
anode active material alloys and compounds
cathode active material
carbon nano-tube/carbon nano-fiber/nano-rod
amorphous carbon
graphite
| — |
Thickness | 1–2 mm | — |
Thickness | 40–120 nm | — |
Thickness | 50–100 nm | — |
Duration | 1–5 hours | — |
Duration | 1–2 hours | — |
Thickness | ≤ 10 nm | — |
Thickness | ≤ 1 nm | — |
Thickness | ≤ 500 nm | — |
Thickness | ≤ 50 nm | — |
Thickness | ≥ 1 nm | — |
silicon
Si
germanium
Ge
tin
Sn
anode active material alloys and compounds
cathode active material
carbon nano-tube/carbon nano-fiber/nano-rod
amorphous carbon
graphite
| — |
Thickness | 1–2 mm | — |
Thickness | 40–120 nm | — |
Thickness | 50–100 nm | — |
Duration | 1–5 hours | — |
Duration | 1–2 hours | — |
Thickness | ≤ 10 nm | — |
Thickness | ≤ 1 nm | — |
Thickness | ≤ 500 nm | — |
Thickness | ≤ 50 nm | — |
Thickness | ≥ 1 nm | — |