A m etho d for produ cti on of an edgefunctiona lized graphene co mprisi ng: pro vidi ng graphite; reacting organ ic m ateri al having one or mo re f unction al gro ups with the gra phite i n a reaction m edi u m c ompr isi n g m ethanesulfo nic acid and ph ospho rus pentoxide, o r i n a reaction medium co mprisi n g tri fluoromethanesulfo nic a c id, t hus to substitute bondsforce of edge positions between g raph ene she ets with covalent bon ds bet ween gr aphe n e a nd organic mate rials w herein the one or more functional grou ps incl ude one or mo re selected from a gro up co nsisting of c arb o xyl ic acid group, amide group, sulf on ic acid group, carb o nyl c hlo ride group a nd c arb onyl br om ide gr oup,_and wh erei n the organic material co valentl v attached t o graphene ac ts as a we dge, and there by ex fo liati ng g raphe n e fun ction alized at its edge pos iti ons.

(O rigi n al) T he m eth o d a ccording to cl aim 1, w herein the rea ctio n medi um co mprisi n g metha nesulfon ic acid and pho sph oru s pe nto xide includes ab o ut 65 wt% to about 95 wt% of m etha n esulf oni c acid and about 5 w t% to about 35 wt% of ph o sph o rus pe ntoxi de, based on the total weight of the react ion medium.

(C ancell ed) 2 canceled

(Cu rrent l y A men ded) The method according to cl aim 1, wherein athe rem aini n g p ortion of the organic material except the one or mo re functional group s incl udes -Cs alky l gr ou p, Cr₂-0 al keny l group, CrCs al kynyl group, Cr- C₁ cycloalkyl gr ou p, Co-C1s ary l group, or C₃-C₁₃ ara lkyl gr ou p, and the alk yl group, the al ken yl group, the alk yny l gr ou p, the c ycloal kyl group, the aryl group, or the aralk y l group is unsubstitu ted, or substi tuted, wherein the su b stit u ent i s selec ted fr om the gr oup consisting of halo, nitro, amino, cyano, mer c apt o, hy dro xyl, 0C-04 aikyl, C-04 al koxy, form yl, 0C-4 alky lcarbony l, phe ny l, benzoyl, phe noxy an d the co mbi nati o n there of.

(O rigi nal) The meth od a cc ordi ng to c laim 1, w herei n the organic material is ben zoi c acid which i s unsub s tituted or s ubsti tuted, w here in the s ubs tit uent is selected from the group consisting of halo, nitro, amino, cyano, mercapto, hydroxyl, CrC04 alkyl, C e C₄ alkoxy, formyl, 01-0 4 alkylcarbonyl, phenyl, benzoyl, phenoxy and the combination thereof.

(Or igin al) The method according to cla im 9, wher ein the heat tr eatment is performed at a tem per atu re of about 300 oC to about 1,200 "C for abo ut 30 min utes t o ab out 24 hours.

12. (Or igin al) Th e m ethod ac cordin g t o cla i m 8, where in gr aphene o btai ned after removing the organi c m at erial co mprise s one lay er or a pl ural ity of lay ers and has a thicknes s that i s about 0.3 n m t o ab out 1000 nm.

A m etho d for produ cti on of an edgefunctiona lized graphene co mprisi ng: pro vidi ng graphite; reacting organ ic m ateri al having one or mo re f unction al gro ups with the gra phite i n a reaction m edi u m c ompr isi n g m ethanesulfo nic acid and ph ospho rus pentoxide, o r i n a reaction medium co mprisi n g tri fluoromethanesulfo nic a c id, t hus to substitute bondsforce of edge positions between g raph ene she ets with covalent bon ds bet ween gr aphe n e a nd organic mate rials w herein the one or more functional grou ps incl ude one or mo re selected from a gro up co nsisting of c arb o xyl ic acid group, amide group, sulf on ic acid group, carb o nyl c hlo ride group a nd c arb onyl br om ide gr oup,_and wh erei n the organic material co valentl v attached t o graphene ac ts as a we dge, and there by ex fo liati ng g raphe n e fun ction alized at its edge pos iti ons.

(O rigi n al) T he m eth o d a ccording to cl aim 1, w herein the rea ctio n medi um co mprisi n g metha nesulfon ic acid and pho sph oru s pe nto xide includes ab o ut 65 wt% to about 95 wt% of m etha n esulf oni c acid and about 5 w t% to about 35 wt% of ph o sph o rus pe ntoxi de, based on the total weight of the react ion medium.

(C ancell ed) 2 canceled

(Cu rrent l y A men ded) The method according to cl aim 1, wherein athe rem aini n g p ortion of the organic material except the one or mo re functional group s incl udes -Cs alky l gr ou p, Cr₂-0 al keny l group, CrCs al kynyl group, Cr- C₁ cycloalkyl gr ou p, Co-C1s ary l group, or C₃-C₁₃ ara lkyl gr ou p, and the alk yl group, the al ken yl group, the alk yny l gr ou p, the c ycloal kyl group, the aryl group, or the aralk y l group is unsubstitu ted, or substi tuted, wherein the su b stit u ent i s selec ted fr om the gr oup consisting of halo, nitro, amino, cyano, mer c apt o, hy dro xyl, 0C-04 aikyl, C-04 al koxy, form yl, 0C-4 alky lcarbony l, phe ny l, benzoyl, phe noxy an d the co mbi nati o n there of.

(O rigi nal) The meth od a cc ordi ng to c laim 1, w herei n the organic material is ben zoi c acid which i s unsub s tituted or s ubsti tuted, w here in the s ubs tit uent is selected from the group consisting of halo, nitro, amino, cyano, mercapto, hydroxyl, CrC04 alkyl, C e C₄ alkoxy, formyl, 01-0 4 alkylcarbonyl, phenyl, benzoyl, phenoxy and the combination thereof.

(Or igin al) The method according to cla im 9, wher ein the heat tr eatment is performed at a tem per atu re of about 300 oC to about 1,200 "C for abo ut 30 min utes t o ab out 24 hours.

12. (Or igin al) Th e m ethod ac cordin g t o cla i m 8, where in gr aphene o btai ned after removing the organi c m at erial co mprise s one lay er or a pl ural ity of lay ers and has a thicknes s that i s about 0.3 n m t o ab out 1000 nm.

A m etho d for produ cti on of an edgefunctiona lized graphene co mprisi ng: pro vidi ng graphite; reacting organ ic m ateri al having one or mo re f unction al gro ups with the gra phite i n a reaction m edi u m c ompr isi n g m ethanesulfo nic acid and ph ospho rus pentoxide, o r i n a reaction medium co mprisi n g tri fluoromethanesulfo nic a c id, t hus to substitute bondsforce of edge positions between g raph ene she ets with covalent bon ds bet ween gr aphe n e a nd organic mate rials w herein the one or more functional grou ps incl ude one or mo re selected from a gro up co nsisting of c arb o xyl ic acid group, amide group, sulf on ic acid group, carb o nyl c hlo ride group a nd c arb onyl br om ide gr oup,_and wh erei n the organic material co valentl v attached t o graphene ac ts as a we dge, and there by ex fo liati ng g raphe n e fun ction alized at its edge pos iti ons.

(O rigi n al) T he m eth o d a ccording to cl aim 1, w herein the rea ctio n medi um co mprisi n g metha nesulfon ic acid and pho sph oru s pe nto xide includes ab o ut 65 wt% to about 95 wt% of m etha n esulf oni c acid and about 5 w t% to about 35 wt% of ph o sph o rus pe ntoxi de, based on the total weight of the react ion medium.

(C ancell ed) 2 canceled

(Cu rrent l y A men ded) The method according to cl aim 1, wherein athe rem aini n g p ortion of the organic material except the one or mo re functional group s incl udes -Cs alky l gr ou p, Cr₂-0 al keny l group, CrCs al kynyl group, Cr- C₁ cycloalkyl gr ou p, Co-C1s ary l group, or C₃-C₁₃ ara lkyl gr ou p, and the alk yl group, the al ken yl group, the alk yny l gr ou p, the c ycloal kyl group, the aryl group, or the aralk y l group is unsubstitu ted, or substi tuted, wherein the su b stit u ent i s selec ted fr om the gr oup consisting of halo, nitro, amino, cyano, mer c apt o, hy dro xyl, 0C-04 aikyl, C-04 al koxy, form yl, 0C-4 alky lcarbony l, phe ny l, benzoyl, phe noxy an d the co mbi nati o n there of.

(O rigi nal) The meth od a cc ordi ng to c laim 1, w herei n the organic material is ben zoi c acid which i s unsub s tituted or s ubsti tuted, w here in the s ubs tit uent is selected from the group consisting of halo, nitro, amino, cyano, mercapto, hydroxyl, CrC04 alkyl, C e C₄ alkoxy, formyl, 01-0 4 alkylcarbonyl, phenyl, benzoyl, phenoxy and the combination thereof.

(Or igin al) The method according to cla im 9, wher ein the heat tr eatment is performed at a tem per atu re of about 300 oC to about 1,200 "C for abo ut 30 min utes t o ab out 24 hours.

12. (Or igin al) Th e m ethod ac cordin g t o cla i m 8, where in gr aphene o btai ned after removing the organi c m at erial co mprise s one lay er or a pl ural ity of lay ers and has a thicknes s that i s about 0.3 n m t o ab out 1000 nm.

A m etho d for produ cti on of an edgefunctiona lized graphene co mprisi ng: pro vidi ng graphite; reacting organ ic m ateri al having one or mo re f unction al gro ups with the gra phite i n a reaction m edi u m c ompr isi n g m ethanesulfo nic acid and ph ospho rus pentoxide, o r i n a reaction medium co mprisi n g tri fluoromethanesulfo nic a c id, t hus to substitute bondsforce of edge positions between g raph ene she ets with covalent bon ds bet ween gr aphe n e a nd organic mate rials w herein the one or more functional grou ps incl ude one or mo re selected from a gro up co nsisting of c arb o xyl ic acid group, amide group, sulf on ic acid group, carb o nyl c hlo ride group a nd c arb onyl br om ide gr oup,_and wh erei n the organic material co valentl v attached t o graphene ac ts as a we dge, and there by ex fo liati ng g raphe n e fun ction alized at its edge pos iti ons.

(O rigi n al) T he m eth o d a ccording to cl aim 1, w herein the rea ctio n medi um co mprisi n g metha nesulfon ic acid and pho sph oru s pe nto xide includes ab o ut 65 wt% to about 95 wt% of m etha n esulf oni c acid and about 5 w t% to about 35 wt% of ph o sph o rus pe ntoxi de, based on the total weight of the react ion medium.

(C ancell ed) 2 canceled

(Cu rrent l y A men ded) The method according to cl aim 1, wherein athe rem aini n g p ortion of the organic material except the one or mo re functional group s incl udes -Cs alky l gr ou p, Cr₂-0 al keny l group, CrCs al kynyl group, Cr- C₁ cycloalkyl gr ou p, Co-C1s ary l group, or C₃-C₁₃ ara lkyl gr ou p, and the alk yl group, the al ken yl group, the alk yny l gr ou p, the c ycloal kyl group, the aryl group, or the aralk y l group is unsubstitu ted, or substi tuted, wherein the su b stit u ent i s selec ted fr om the gr oup consisting of halo, nitro, amino, cyano, mer c apt o, hy dro xyl, 0C-04 aikyl, C-04 al koxy, form yl, 0C-4 alky lcarbony l, phe ny l, benzoyl, phe noxy an d the co mbi nati o n there of.

(O rigi nal) The meth od a cc ordi ng to c laim 1, w herei n the organic material is ben zoi c acid which i s unsub s tituted or s ubsti tuted, w here in the s ubs tit uent is selected from the group consisting of halo, nitro, amino, cyano, mercapto, hydroxyl, CrC04 alkyl, C e C₄ alkoxy, formyl, 01-0 4 alkylcarbonyl, phenyl, benzoyl, phenoxy and the combination thereof.

(Or igin al) The method according to cla im 9, wher ein the heat tr eatment is performed at a tem per atu re of about 300 oC to about 1,200 "C for abo ut 30 min utes t o ab out 24 hours.

12. (Or igin al) Th e m ethod ac cordin g t o cla i m 8, where in gr aphene o btai ned after removing the organi c m at erial co mprise s one lay er or a pl ural ity of lay ers and has a thicknes s that i s about 0.3 n m t o ab out 1000 nm.