Patent
US 9,529,129BROADBAND OPTICAL LIMITER BASED ON NANO-GRAPHENE AND METHOD OF FABRICATING SAME
Wei Zhao
US
Copyright © 2026 Matter42. All rights reserved.
Patent
Atlas literature
Patent
US 9,529,129Patent drawings and their descriptions. Click a drawing to enlarge it.
Claims define the patent's legal scope. Independent claims stand alone; dependent claims (nested) narrow them. Click a claim to expand its dependents.
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An article of manufacture, comprising: a graphene-based broadband optical limiter, comprising a graphene-polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) gel, wherein the graphene-PVA gel comprises: (a) a PVA gel as a base material; (b) a plurality of graphene nano-sheets suspended in the PVA gel; and (c) a coating of single-stranded DNA, formed on the plurality of graphene nano-sheets, wherein the graphene-PVA gel is made by: preparing a starting graphene suspension comprising a plurality of graphene nano- sheets suspended in water; preparing a solution of a reagent dissolved in a buffer, wherein the reagent comprises double-stranded deoxyribonucleic acid (dsDNA); mixing the starting graphene suspension with the reagent solution to form a mixture, sonicating and heating the mixture such that the dsDNA is unzipped to form the single-stranded DNA, and the single-stranded DNA is coated on the plurality of graphene nano-sheets to form a stabilized graphene suspension; mixing the stabilized graphene suspension with 4 percent by weight (wt %) borax aqueous solution to form a borax solution; mixing 1 part of the borax solution with 9 part of a 4 wt % PVA aqueous solution to form a resulting mixture; and Page 2 of 8 Serial No.: 12/766,309 Amdt. Dated Reply to Office Action of homogenizing the resulting mixture under 70 ° C water bath and allowing the resulting mixture to sit overnight, so as to form the graphene-PVA gel, wherein the graphene-PVA gel has a linear transmittance of about 50 % at 532 nm with a path length of about 10 millimeter.
15 An optical limiting device, comprising a graphene-based broadband optical limiter comprising a stabilized graphene suspension characterized with an optical limiting response of a transmittance as a function of input fluence of an incident light, wherein the stabilized graphene suspension comprises: (a) a plurality of graphene nano-sheets; (b) a base material in which the plurality of graphene nano-sheets is suspended, wherein the base material is a polymer gel matrix comprising a poly(vinyl alcohol) gel; and (c) a coating of single-stranded DNA, formed on the plurality of graphene nano-sheets, wherein the graphene nano-sheets and the base material are structured to form the optical limiting device that limits laser energy of a laser beam; and wherein the transmittance decreases from a linear transmittance that is equal to or less than about 70 % as the input fluence increases.
24 The optical limiting device of claim 15, wherein each of the plurality of graphene nanosheets has lateral dimensions of about 200 nm by 300 nm, and a thickness of about 1 nm.
25 The optical limiting device of claim 15, being dispersed in an organic solvent.
29 The optical limiting device of claim 15, wherein the optical limiting response is superior to that of a fullerene C 6o solution and a carbon black suspension.
The optical limiting device of claim 15, wherein the optical limiting response is controllable by changing at least one of graphene sizes, R conjugation and degrees of chemical functionalization.
31 The optical limiting device of claim 15, wherein the optical limiting response is controllable by forming composites with optical limiting materials including gold nanoparticles.
The optical limiting device of claim 15, wherein the optical limiting response exists from UV to I R wavelengths independently.
The optical limiting device of claim 15, being dispersible in aqueous, organic solvents and gels.
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Layer stacks claimed or described, ordered top of device to substrate.
graphene-based broadband optical limiter
Materials described outside the worked examples.
graphene nano-sheets
poly(vinyl alcohol) gel
Additional fabrication and treatment steps described in the patent.
Performance values and ranges asserted in the specification or claims.
| Property | Value | Material |
|---|---|---|
linear transmittance of graphene-PVA gel at 532 nm, 10 mm path length | 50 % | graphene-PVA gel |
linear transmittance upper bound (optical limiting onset) for claim 15 device |
Patent
Atlas literature
Patent
US 9,529,129Patent drawings and their descriptions. Click a drawing to enlarge it.
Claims define the patent's legal scope. Independent claims stand alone; dependent claims (nested) narrow them. Click a claim to expand its dependents.
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An article of manufacture, comprising: a graphene-based broadband optical limiter, comprising a graphene-polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) gel, wherein the graphene-PVA gel comprises: (a) a PVA gel as a base material; (b) a plurality of graphene nano-sheets suspended in the PVA gel; and (c) a coating of single-stranded DNA, formed on the plurality of graphene nano-sheets, wherein the graphene-PVA gel is made by: preparing a starting graphene suspension comprising a plurality of graphene nano- sheets suspended in water; preparing a solution of a reagent dissolved in a buffer, wherein the reagent comprises double-stranded deoxyribonucleic acid (dsDNA); mixing the starting graphene suspension with the reagent solution to form a mixture, sonicating and heating the mixture such that the dsDNA is unzipped to form the single-stranded DNA, and the single-stranded DNA is coated on the plurality of graphene nano-sheets to form a stabilized graphene suspension; mixing the stabilized graphene suspension with 4 percent by weight (wt %) borax aqueous solution to form a borax solution; mixing 1 part of the borax solution with 9 part of a 4 wt % PVA aqueous solution to form a resulting mixture; and Page 2 of 8 Serial No.: 12/766,309 Amdt. Dated Reply to Office Action of homogenizing the resulting mixture under 70 ° C water bath and allowing the resulting mixture to sit overnight, so as to form the graphene-PVA gel, wherein the graphene-PVA gel has a linear transmittance of about 50 % at 532 nm with a path length of about 10 millimeter.
15 An optical limiting device, comprising a graphene-based broadband optical limiter comprising a stabilized graphene suspension characterized with an optical limiting response of a transmittance as a function of input fluence of an incident light, wherein the stabilized graphene suspension comprises: (a) a plurality of graphene nano-sheets; (b) a base material in which the plurality of graphene nano-sheets is suspended, wherein the base material is a polymer gel matrix comprising a poly(vinyl alcohol) gel; and (c) a coating of single-stranded DNA, formed on the plurality of graphene nano-sheets, wherein the graphene nano-sheets and the base material are structured to form the optical limiting device that limits laser energy of a laser beam; and wherein the transmittance decreases from a linear transmittance that is equal to or less than about 70 % as the input fluence increases.
24 The optical limiting device of claim 15, wherein each of the plurality of graphene nanosheets has lateral dimensions of about 200 nm by 300 nm, and a thickness of about 1 nm.
25 The optical limiting device of claim 15, being dispersed in an organic solvent.
29 The optical limiting device of claim 15, wherein the optical limiting response is superior to that of a fullerene C 6o solution and a carbon black suspension.
The optical limiting device of claim 15, wherein the optical limiting response is controllable by changing at least one of graphene sizes, R conjugation and degrees of chemical functionalization.
31 The optical limiting device of claim 15, wherein the optical limiting response is controllable by forming composites with optical limiting materials including gold nanoparticles.
The optical limiting device of claim 15, wherein the optical limiting response exists from UV to I R wavelengths independently.
The optical limiting device of claim 15, being dispersible in aqueous, organic solvents and gels.
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Layer stacks claimed or described, ordered top of device to substrate.
graphene-based broadband optical limiter
Materials described outside the worked examples.
graphene nano-sheets
poly(vinyl alcohol) gel
Additional fabrication and treatment steps described in the patent.
Performance values and ranges asserted in the specification or claims.
| Property | Value | Material |
|---|---|---|
linear transmittance of graphene-PVA gel at 532 nm, 10 mm path length | 50 % | graphene-PVA gel |
linear transmittance upper bound (optical limiting onset) for claim 15 device |
Patent
Atlas literature
Patent
US 9,529,129Patent drawings and their descriptions. Click a drawing to enlarge it.
Claims define the patent's legal scope. Independent claims stand alone; dependent claims (nested) narrow them. Click a claim to expand its dependents.
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An article of manufacture, comprising: a graphene-based broadband optical limiter, comprising a graphene-polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) gel, wherein the graphene-PVA gel comprises: (a) a PVA gel as a base material; (b) a plurality of graphene nano-sheets suspended in the PVA gel; and (c) a coating of single-stranded DNA, formed on the plurality of graphene nano-sheets, wherein the graphene-PVA gel is made by: preparing a starting graphene suspension comprising a plurality of graphene nano- sheets suspended in water; preparing a solution of a reagent dissolved in a buffer, wherein the reagent comprises double-stranded deoxyribonucleic acid (dsDNA); mixing the starting graphene suspension with the reagent solution to form a mixture, sonicating and heating the mixture such that the dsDNA is unzipped to form the single-stranded DNA, and the single-stranded DNA is coated on the plurality of graphene nano-sheets to form a stabilized graphene suspension; mixing the stabilized graphene suspension with 4 percent by weight (wt %) borax aqueous solution to form a borax solution; mixing 1 part of the borax solution with 9 part of a 4 wt % PVA aqueous solution to form a resulting mixture; and Page 2 of 8 Serial No.: 12/766,309 Amdt. Dated Reply to Office Action of homogenizing the resulting mixture under 70 ° C water bath and allowing the resulting mixture to sit overnight, so as to form the graphene-PVA gel, wherein the graphene-PVA gel has a linear transmittance of about 50 % at 532 nm with a path length of about 10 millimeter.
15 An optical limiting device, comprising a graphene-based broadband optical limiter comprising a stabilized graphene suspension characterized with an optical limiting response of a transmittance as a function of input fluence of an incident light, wherein the stabilized graphene suspension comprises: (a) a plurality of graphene nano-sheets; (b) a base material in which the plurality of graphene nano-sheets is suspended, wherein the base material is a polymer gel matrix comprising a poly(vinyl alcohol) gel; and (c) a coating of single-stranded DNA, formed on the plurality of graphene nano-sheets, wherein the graphene nano-sheets and the base material are structured to form the optical limiting device that limits laser energy of a laser beam; and wherein the transmittance decreases from a linear transmittance that is equal to or less than about 70 % as the input fluence increases.
24 The optical limiting device of claim 15, wherein each of the plurality of graphene nanosheets has lateral dimensions of about 200 nm by 300 nm, and a thickness of about 1 nm.
25 The optical limiting device of claim 15, being dispersed in an organic solvent.
29 The optical limiting device of claim 15, wherein the optical limiting response is superior to that of a fullerene C 6o solution and a carbon black suspension.
The optical limiting device of claim 15, wherein the optical limiting response is controllable by changing at least one of graphene sizes, R conjugation and degrees of chemical functionalization.
31 The optical limiting device of claim 15, wherein the optical limiting response is controllable by forming composites with optical limiting materials including gold nanoparticles.
The optical limiting device of claim 15, wherein the optical limiting response exists from UV to I R wavelengths independently.
The optical limiting device of claim 15, being dispersible in aqueous, organic solvents and gels.
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Layer stacks claimed or described, ordered top of device to substrate.
graphene-based broadband optical limiter
Materials described outside the worked examples.
graphene nano-sheets
poly(vinyl alcohol) gel
Additional fabrication and treatment steps described in the patent.
Performance values and ranges asserted in the specification or claims.
| Property | Value | Material |
|---|---|---|
linear transmittance of graphene-PVA gel at 532 nm, 10 mm path length | 50 % | graphene-PVA gel |
linear transmittance upper bound (optical limiting onset) for claim 15 device |
Patent
Atlas literature
Patent
US 9,529,129Patent drawings and their descriptions. Click a drawing to enlarge it.
Claims define the patent's legal scope. Independent claims stand alone; dependent claims (nested) narrow them. Click a claim to expand its dependents.
1-13. canceled
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An article of manufacture, comprising: a graphene-based broadband optical limiter, comprising a graphene-polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) gel, wherein the graphene-PVA gel comprises: (a) a PVA gel as a base material; (b) a plurality of graphene nano-sheets suspended in the PVA gel; and (c) a coating of single-stranded DNA, formed on the plurality of graphene nano-sheets, wherein the graphene-PVA gel is made by: preparing a starting graphene suspension comprising a plurality of graphene nano- sheets suspended in water; preparing a solution of a reagent dissolved in a buffer, wherein the reagent comprises double-stranded deoxyribonucleic acid (dsDNA); mixing the starting graphene suspension with the reagent solution to form a mixture, sonicating and heating the mixture such that the dsDNA is unzipped to form the single-stranded DNA, and the single-stranded DNA is coated on the plurality of graphene nano-sheets to form a stabilized graphene suspension; mixing the stabilized graphene suspension with 4 percent by weight (wt %) borax aqueous solution to form a borax solution; mixing 1 part of the borax solution with 9 part of a 4 wt % PVA aqueous solution to form a resulting mixture; and Page 2 of 8 Serial No.: 12/766,309 Amdt. Dated Reply to Office Action of homogenizing the resulting mixture under 70 ° C water bath and allowing the resulting mixture to sit overnight, so as to form the graphene-PVA gel, wherein the graphene-PVA gel has a linear transmittance of about 50 % at 532 nm with a path length of about 10 millimeter.
15 An optical limiting device, comprising a graphene-based broadband optical limiter comprising a stabilized graphene suspension characterized with an optical limiting response of a transmittance as a function of input fluence of an incident light, wherein the stabilized graphene suspension comprises: (a) a plurality of graphene nano-sheets; (b) a base material in which the plurality of graphene nano-sheets is suspended, wherein the base material is a polymer gel matrix comprising a poly(vinyl alcohol) gel; and (c) a coating of single-stranded DNA, formed on the plurality of graphene nano-sheets, wherein the graphene nano-sheets and the base material are structured to form the optical limiting device that limits laser energy of a laser beam; and wherein the transmittance decreases from a linear transmittance that is equal to or less than about 70 % as the input fluence increases.
24 The optical limiting device of claim 15, wherein each of the plurality of graphene nanosheets has lateral dimensions of about 200 nm by 300 nm, and a thickness of about 1 nm.
25 The optical limiting device of claim 15, being dispersed in an organic solvent.
29 The optical limiting device of claim 15, wherein the optical limiting response is superior to that of a fullerene C 6o solution and a carbon black suspension.
The optical limiting device of claim 15, wherein the optical limiting response is controllable by changing at least one of graphene sizes, R conjugation and degrees of chemical functionalization.
31 The optical limiting device of claim 15, wherein the optical limiting response is controllable by forming composites with optical limiting materials including gold nanoparticles.
The optical limiting device of claim 15, wherein the optical limiting response exists from UV to I R wavelengths independently.
The optical limiting device of claim 15, being dispersible in aqueous, organic solvents and gels.
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Layer stacks claimed or described, ordered top of device to substrate.
graphene-based broadband optical limiter
Materials described outside the worked examples.
graphene nano-sheets
poly(vinyl alcohol) gel
Additional fabrication and treatment steps described in the patent.
Performance values and ranges asserted in the specification or claims.
| Property | Value | Material |
|---|---|---|
linear transmittance of graphene-PVA gel at 532 nm, 10 mm path length | 50 % | graphene-PVA gel |
linear transmittance upper bound (optical limiting onset) for claim 15 device |
single-stranded DNA coating
double-stranded deoxyribonucleic acid (dsDNA)
organic solvent
gold nanoparticles
graphene-PVA gel
borax aqueous solution (4 wt%)
| 70 % |
graphene-PVA gel |
graphene nano-sheet lateral dimensions | — | graphene nano-sheets |
gold nanoparticle size in gold-graphene composite | — | gold nanoparticles |
graphene absorption coefficient | 301000 cm⁻¹ | graphene nano-sheets |
— | 0.3–10 eV | — |
Thickness | 150–200 nm | — |
Thickness | ≤ 10 nm | — |
Temperature | ≤ 70 °C | — |
single-stranded DNA coating
double-stranded deoxyribonucleic acid (dsDNA)
organic solvent
gold nanoparticles
graphene-PVA gel
borax aqueous solution (4 wt%)
| 70 % |
graphene-PVA gel |
graphene nano-sheet lateral dimensions | — | graphene nano-sheets |
gold nanoparticle size in gold-graphene composite | — | gold nanoparticles |
graphene absorption coefficient | 301000 cm⁻¹ | graphene nano-sheets |
— | 0.3–10 eV | — |
Thickness | 150–200 nm | — |
Thickness | ≤ 10 nm | — |
Temperature | ≤ 70 °C | — |
single-stranded DNA coating
double-stranded deoxyribonucleic acid (dsDNA)
organic solvent
gold nanoparticles
graphene-PVA gel
borax aqueous solution (4 wt%)
| 70 % |
graphene-PVA gel |
graphene nano-sheet lateral dimensions | — | graphene nano-sheets |
gold nanoparticle size in gold-graphene composite | — | gold nanoparticles |
graphene absorption coefficient | 301000 cm⁻¹ | graphene nano-sheets |
— | 0.3–10 eV | — |
Thickness | 150–200 nm | — |
Thickness | ≤ 10 nm | — |
Temperature | ≤ 70 °C | — |
single-stranded DNA coating
double-stranded deoxyribonucleic acid (dsDNA)
organic solvent
gold nanoparticles
graphene-PVA gel
borax aqueous solution (4 wt%)
| 70 % |
graphene-PVA gel |
graphene nano-sheet lateral dimensions | — | graphene nano-sheets |
gold nanoparticle size in gold-graphene composite | — | gold nanoparticles |
graphene absorption coefficient | 301000 cm⁻¹ | graphene nano-sheets |
— | 0.3–10 eV | — |
Thickness | 150–200 nm | — |
Thickness | ≤ 10 nm | — |
Temperature | ≤ 70 °C | — |