Patent
US 10,822,238Apparatus and method for bulk production of atomically thin 2-dimensional materials including graphene
Paul LADISLAUS
US
Copyright © 2026 Matter42. All rights reserved.
Patent
Atlas literature
Patent
US 10,822,238Patent drawings and their descriptions. Click a drawing to enlarge it.
Claims define the patent's legal scope. Independent claims stand alone; dependent claims (nested) narrow them. Click a claim to expand its dependents.
An apparatus for [[the]]production of atomic scale laminar materials by [[the]]delamination of a bulk laminar material, the apparatus comprising: a main pump [[(112)]]for pumping a fluid, wherein the fluid comprises a suspension of particles of the bulk laminar material, at a pressure of greater than 1MPa, towards and in fluid communication with core components[[(10)]], wherein the core components comprise: a fluid conduit [[(12)]]having a principal axis for conveying [[said]]the fluid, wherein the fluid conduit is arranged to direct fluid from [[that]]the fluid conduit against; an impact head [[(16)]]having a face substantially perpendicular to [[said]]the principal axis wherein, the impact head and the fluid conduit are arranged so that an annular gap [[(20)]]of between 500 _ pm and 1 _ pm results between an end of the fluid conduit proximate to the impact head and the impact head and wherein the annular gap forms a continuous region surrounding the end of the fluid conduit[[and]] that is substantially coplanar with the impact head; and an impact head surround [[(26)]]which extends the continuous region in which the fluid is constrained before exiting the core components. Currently amended
The apparatus of claim 1, further comprising a pressure drop valve[[(124)]] after the impact head to provide backpressure. Currently amended
The apparatus of claim 1, wherein[[,]] the impact head [[(16)]]of the apparatus is configured to be movable along the principal axis relative to the proximal end of the fluid conduit [[(24)]]for adjusting the annular gap[[(20)]]. Currently amended
The apparatus of claim 1 wherein the proximal end of the fluid conduit [[(24)]]does not abut the impact head surround and provides an outer annulus region[[(204)]]. Currently amended
The apparatus of claim 1 further comprising a cooler in fluid communication with [[said]]the fluid conduit and [[said]]the main pump, such that the suspension of particles to be processed will pass through the cooler and out to the main pump before passing through the core components[[(10)]], the cooler being configured to reduce the temperature of [[said]]the fluid. Currently amended
The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the impact head comprises at least one material selected from the group consistin g of silicon nitride, tungsten carbide, silicon carbide, boron nitride, alumina, zirconia and diamond. Currently amended
A method for exfoliation of a laminar material[[s]] to produce an atomic scale laminar material[[s]] by [[the]]delamination of a bulk material, the method comprising: providing the apparatus of claim 1 and; passing through the apparatus a fluid comprising a suspension of particles of the bulk laminar material. Currently amended
Layer stacks claimed or described, ordered top of device to substrate.
high-pressure impingement exfoliation apparatus
No layer stack recorded.
Materials described outside the worked examples.
bulk laminar material
atomic scale laminar material
Additional fabrication and treatment steps described in the patent.
Performance values and ranges asserted in the specification or claims.
| Property | Value | Material |
|---|---|---|
Pressure | 10–150 MPa | — |
Pressure |
Related documents with shared materials, methods, properties, or citations.
Patent
Atlas literature
Patent
US 10,822,238Patent drawings and their descriptions. Click a drawing to enlarge it.
Claims define the patent's legal scope. Independent claims stand alone; dependent claims (nested) narrow them. Click a claim to expand its dependents.
An apparatus for [[the]]production of atomic scale laminar materials by [[the]]delamination of a bulk laminar material, the apparatus comprising: a main pump [[(112)]]for pumping a fluid, wherein the fluid comprises a suspension of particles of the bulk laminar material, at a pressure of greater than 1MPa, towards and in fluid communication with core components[[(10)]], wherein the core components comprise: a fluid conduit [[(12)]]having a principal axis for conveying [[said]]the fluid, wherein the fluid conduit is arranged to direct fluid from [[that]]the fluid conduit against; an impact head [[(16)]]having a face substantially perpendicular to [[said]]the principal axis wherein, the impact head and the fluid conduit are arranged so that an annular gap [[(20)]]of between 500 _ pm and 1 _ pm results between an end of the fluid conduit proximate to the impact head and the impact head and wherein the annular gap forms a continuous region surrounding the end of the fluid conduit[[and]] that is substantially coplanar with the impact head; and an impact head surround [[(26)]]which extends the continuous region in which the fluid is constrained before exiting the core components. Currently amended
The apparatus of claim 1, further comprising a pressure drop valve[[(124)]] after the impact head to provide backpressure. Currently amended
The apparatus of claim 1, wherein[[,]] the impact head [[(16)]]of the apparatus is configured to be movable along the principal axis relative to the proximal end of the fluid conduit [[(24)]]for adjusting the annular gap[[(20)]]. Currently amended
The apparatus of claim 1 wherein the proximal end of the fluid conduit [[(24)]]does not abut the impact head surround and provides an outer annulus region[[(204)]]. Currently amended
The apparatus of claim 1 further comprising a cooler in fluid communication with [[said]]the fluid conduit and [[said]]the main pump, such that the suspension of particles to be processed will pass through the cooler and out to the main pump before passing through the core components[[(10)]], the cooler being configured to reduce the temperature of [[said]]the fluid. Currently amended
The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the impact head comprises at least one material selected from the group consistin g of silicon nitride, tungsten carbide, silicon carbide, boron nitride, alumina, zirconia and diamond. Currently amended
A method for exfoliation of a laminar material[[s]] to produce an atomic scale laminar material[[s]] by [[the]]delamination of a bulk material, the method comprising: providing the apparatus of claim 1 and; passing through the apparatus a fluid comprising a suspension of particles of the bulk laminar material. Currently amended
Layer stacks claimed or described, ordered top of device to substrate.
high-pressure impingement exfoliation apparatus
No layer stack recorded.
Materials described outside the worked examples.
bulk laminar material
atomic scale laminar material
Additional fabrication and treatment steps described in the patent.
Performance values and ranges asserted in the specification or claims.
| Property | Value | Material |
|---|---|---|
Pressure | 10–150 MPa | — |
Pressure |
Related documents with shared materials, methods, properties, or citations.
Patent
Atlas literature
Patent
US 10,822,238Patent drawings and their descriptions. Click a drawing to enlarge it.
Claims define the patent's legal scope. Independent claims stand alone; dependent claims (nested) narrow them. Click a claim to expand its dependents.
An apparatus for [[the]]production of atomic scale laminar materials by [[the]]delamination of a bulk laminar material, the apparatus comprising: a main pump [[(112)]]for pumping a fluid, wherein the fluid comprises a suspension of particles of the bulk laminar material, at a pressure of greater than 1MPa, towards and in fluid communication with core components[[(10)]], wherein the core components comprise: a fluid conduit [[(12)]]having a principal axis for conveying [[said]]the fluid, wherein the fluid conduit is arranged to direct fluid from [[that]]the fluid conduit against; an impact head [[(16)]]having a face substantially perpendicular to [[said]]the principal axis wherein, the impact head and the fluid conduit are arranged so that an annular gap [[(20)]]of between 500 _ pm and 1 _ pm results between an end of the fluid conduit proximate to the impact head and the impact head and wherein the annular gap forms a continuous region surrounding the end of the fluid conduit[[and]] that is substantially coplanar with the impact head; and an impact head surround [[(26)]]which extends the continuous region in which the fluid is constrained before exiting the core components. Currently amended
The apparatus of claim 1, further comprising a pressure drop valve[[(124)]] after the impact head to provide backpressure. Currently amended
The apparatus of claim 1, wherein[[,]] the impact head [[(16)]]of the apparatus is configured to be movable along the principal axis relative to the proximal end of the fluid conduit [[(24)]]for adjusting the annular gap[[(20)]]. Currently amended
The apparatus of claim 1 wherein the proximal end of the fluid conduit [[(24)]]does not abut the impact head surround and provides an outer annulus region[[(204)]]. Currently amended
The apparatus of claim 1 further comprising a cooler in fluid communication with [[said]]the fluid conduit and [[said]]the main pump, such that the suspension of particles to be processed will pass through the cooler and out to the main pump before passing through the core components[[(10)]], the cooler being configured to reduce the temperature of [[said]]the fluid. Currently amended
The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the impact head comprises at least one material selected from the group consistin g of silicon nitride, tungsten carbide, silicon carbide, boron nitride, alumina, zirconia and diamond. Currently amended
A method for exfoliation of a laminar material[[s]] to produce an atomic scale laminar material[[s]] by [[the]]delamination of a bulk material, the method comprising: providing the apparatus of claim 1 and; passing through the apparatus a fluid comprising a suspension of particles of the bulk laminar material. Currently amended
Layer stacks claimed or described, ordered top of device to substrate.
high-pressure impingement exfoliation apparatus
No layer stack recorded.
Materials described outside the worked examples.
bulk laminar material
atomic scale laminar material
Additional fabrication and treatment steps described in the patent.
Performance values and ranges asserted in the specification or claims.
| Property | Value | Material |
|---|---|---|
Pressure | 10–150 MPa | — |
Pressure |
Related documents with shared materials, methods, properties, or citations.
Patent
Atlas literature
Patent
US 10,822,238Patent drawings and their descriptions. Click a drawing to enlarge it.
Claims define the patent's legal scope. Independent claims stand alone; dependent claims (nested) narrow them. Click a claim to expand its dependents.
An apparatus for [[the]]production of atomic scale laminar materials by [[the]]delamination of a bulk laminar material, the apparatus comprising: a main pump [[(112)]]for pumping a fluid, wherein the fluid comprises a suspension of particles of the bulk laminar material, at a pressure of greater than 1MPa, towards and in fluid communication with core components[[(10)]], wherein the core components comprise: a fluid conduit [[(12)]]having a principal axis for conveying [[said]]the fluid, wherein the fluid conduit is arranged to direct fluid from [[that]]the fluid conduit against; an impact head [[(16)]]having a face substantially perpendicular to [[said]]the principal axis wherein, the impact head and the fluid conduit are arranged so that an annular gap [[(20)]]of between 500 _ pm and 1 _ pm results between an end of the fluid conduit proximate to the impact head and the impact head and wherein the annular gap forms a continuous region surrounding the end of the fluid conduit[[and]] that is substantially coplanar with the impact head; and an impact head surround [[(26)]]which extends the continuous region in which the fluid is constrained before exiting the core components. Currently amended
The apparatus of claim 1, further comprising a pressure drop valve[[(124)]] after the impact head to provide backpressure. Currently amended
The apparatus of claim 1, wherein[[,]] the impact head [[(16)]]of the apparatus is configured to be movable along the principal axis relative to the proximal end of the fluid conduit [[(24)]]for adjusting the annular gap[[(20)]]. Currently amended
The apparatus of claim 1 wherein the proximal end of the fluid conduit [[(24)]]does not abut the impact head surround and provides an outer annulus region[[(204)]]. Currently amended
The apparatus of claim 1 further comprising a cooler in fluid communication with [[said]]the fluid conduit and [[said]]the main pump, such that the suspension of particles to be processed will pass through the cooler and out to the main pump before passing through the core components[[(10)]], the cooler being configured to reduce the temperature of [[said]]the fluid. Currently amended
The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the impact head comprises at least one material selected from the group consistin g of silicon nitride, tungsten carbide, silicon carbide, boron nitride, alumina, zirconia and diamond. Currently amended
A method for exfoliation of a laminar material[[s]] to produce an atomic scale laminar material[[s]] by [[the]]delamination of a bulk material, the method comprising: providing the apparatus of claim 1 and; passing through the apparatus a fluid comprising a suspension of particles of the bulk laminar material. Currently amended
Layer stacks claimed or described, ordered top of device to substrate.
high-pressure impingement exfoliation apparatus
No layer stack recorded.
Materials described outside the worked examples.
bulk laminar material
atomic scale laminar material
Additional fabrication and treatment steps described in the patent.
Performance values and ranges asserted in the specification or claims.
| Property | Value | Material |
|---|---|---|
Pressure | 10–150 MPa | — |
Pressure |
Related documents with shared materials, methods, properties, or citations.
silicon nitride
Si₃N₄
tungsten carbide
WC
silicon carbide
SiC
boron nitride
BN
alumina
Al₂O₃
zirconia
ZrO₂
diamond
graphite
graphene
water
H₂O
hexagonal boron nitride
h-BN
molybdenum disulphide
MoS₂
| 0–100 MPa |
| — |
Pressure | 50–70 Mpa | — |
Pressure | ≥ 1 MPa | — |
silicon nitride
Si₃N₄
tungsten carbide
WC
silicon carbide
SiC
boron nitride
BN
alumina
Al₂O₃
zirconia
ZrO₂
diamond
graphite
graphene
water
H₂O
hexagonal boron nitride
h-BN
molybdenum disulphide
MoS₂
| 0–100 MPa |
| — |
Pressure | 50–70 Mpa | — |
Pressure | ≥ 1 MPa | — |
silicon nitride
Si₃N₄
tungsten carbide
WC
silicon carbide
SiC
boron nitride
BN
alumina
Al₂O₃
zirconia
ZrO₂
diamond
graphite
graphene
water
H₂O
hexagonal boron nitride
h-BN
molybdenum disulphide
MoS₂
| 0–100 MPa |
| — |
Pressure | 50–70 Mpa | — |
Pressure | ≥ 1 MPa | — |
silicon nitride
Si₃N₄
tungsten carbide
WC
silicon carbide
SiC
boron nitride
BN
alumina
Al₂O₃
zirconia
ZrO₂
diamond
graphite
graphene
water
H₂O
hexagonal boron nitride
h-BN
molybdenum disulphide
MoS₂
| 0–100 MPa |
| — |
Pressure | 50–70 Mpa | — |
Pressure | ≥ 1 MPa | — |