Patent
US 10,903,466Alkali Metal-Selenium Secondary Battery Containing a Graphene-Based Separator Layer
Hui He, Aruna Zhamu, Bor Z. Jang
US
Copyright © 2026 Matter42. All rights reserved.
Patent drawings and their descriptions. Click a drawing to enlarge it.
FIG.1 Schematic drawing illustrating the processes for producing conventional paper, mat, film, and membrane of simply aggregated graphite or NGP …
FIG.2(B) provides a schematic drawing to illustrate an example of a paper-making operation (using a mold cavity cell with a vacuum-assisted suction provision) …
FIG.3 A possible mechanism of chemical linking between graphene oxide sheets, which mechanism effectively increases the graphene sheet lateral dimensions.
FIG.4 In -plane and through-plane electrical conductivity values of some GO-derived graphene foam sheets (prepared by Comma coating, heat treatment, and …
FIG.5 (C) Electrical conductivity data for the GO suspension-derived foam produced by the presently invented process and the hydrothermally reduced GO graphene …
FIG. 6(A) are the thermal conductivity values vs. specific gravity of the GO suspension-derived foam (Example 3), mesophase pitch-derived graphite foam …
FIG.7 Thermal conductivity values of graphene foam samples derived from GO and GF (graphene fluoride) as a function of the specific gravity.
FIG.8 Thermal conductivity values of graphene foam samples derived from GO and pristine graphene as a function of the final (maximum) heat treatment …
FIG. 9(B). It is of significance to point out that a heat treatment temperature as low as 500 ° C is sufficient to bring the average inter-graphene spacing in GO …
FIG.10 The charge and discharge cycling results of three Li-Se cells, one containing a presently invented separator or ion-trapping layer layer of GO-derived …
FIG.11 Ragone plots (cell power density vs. cell energy density) of two Li metal-selenium cells; one containing a pristine graphene foam separator and the …
FIG.12 Ragone plots (cell power density vs. cell energy density) of 2 alkali metal-selenium cells: a Na-Se cell featuring an open-cell RGO foam-based separator …
Claims define the patent's legal scope. Independent claims stand alone; dependent claims (nested) narrow them. Click a claim to expand its dependents.
An alkali metal-selenium battery comprising: A) an anode comprising an anode active material layer and an optional anode current collector supporting said anode active material layer; B) a cathode comprising a cathode active material layer and an optional cathode current collector supporting said cathode active material layer, wherein said cathode active material layer comprising a selenium-containing material, as a cathode active material, selected from selenium, a selenium-carbon hybrid, a selenium-graphite hybrid, a selenium-graphene hybrid, a conducting polymer-selenium hybrid, a metal selenide, a Se alloy or mixture with Sn, Sb, Bi, S, or Te, a selenium compound, or a combination thereof; C) an electrolyte in ionic contact with the cathode and the anode and an optional porous separator that electronically insulates and separates said anode and said cathode; and D) a graphene separator layer comprising a solid graphene foam that is permeable to lithium ions or sodium ions but is substantially non-permeable to selenium or metal selenide ions, wherein said graphene separator layer is disposed between said anode active material layer and said cathode active material layer and is in physical contact with said cathode active material layer but not in physical contact with said anode active material layer and wherein said graphene separator layer contains pristine graphene sheets having less than 0.01% by weight of non-carbon elements or non-pristine graphene sheets having 0.01% to 20% by weight of noncarbon elements, wherein said non-pristine graphene is selected from the group consisting of graphene oxide, reduced graphene oxide, graphene fluoride, graphene chloride, graphene bromide, graphene iodide, hydrogenated graphene, nitrogenated graphene, boron-doped graphene, nitrogen- doped graphene, chemically functionalized graphene, and combinations thereof. Currently amended
The alkali metal-selenium battery of claim 1, wherein said solid graphene foam comprises a three-dimensional network of interconnected open cells or closed cells. Original
The alkali metal-selenium battery of claim 1, wherein said solid graphene foam has a density ranging from about 0.001 g/cm 3 to about 1.7 g/cm 3. Currently amended
The alkali metal-selenium battery of claim 1, wherein said graphene separator layer has a thickness from 5 nm to 50 pm. Original
The alkali metal-selenium battery of claim 1, wherein said solid graphene foam omprises pores having a size from 0.5 nm to 50 nm. Currently amended
The alkali metal-selenium battery of claim 1, wherein said battery comprises an electronically insulating porous separator that separates said anode active material layer and said cathode active material layer, and said graphene separator layer is disposed between said cathode active material layer and said electronically insulating porous separator. Original
The alkali metal-selenium battery of claim 1, wherein said solid graphene foam further comprises a carbon or graphite filler selected from the group consisting of carbon fiber, graphite fiber, carbon nanofiber, graphite nanofiber, carbon nanotube, carbon nanorod, mesophase carbon particle, mesocarbon microbead, expanded graphite flake, needle coke, carbon black or acetylene black, activated carbon, and combinations thereof. Currently amended
The alkali metal-selenium battery of claim 1, wherein said chemically functionalized graphene comprises graphene sheets comprising a chemical functional group selected from the group consisting of alkyl or aryl silane, alkyl or aralkyl group, hydroxyl group, carboxyl group, carboxylic group, amine group, sulfonate group (--S O 3 H), aldehydic group, quinoidal, fluorocarbon, and combinations thereof. Original
The alkali metal-selenium battery of claim 1, wherein said chemically functionalized graphene comprises graphene sheets comprising a chemical functional group selected from a derivative of an azide compound selected from the group consisting of 2- azidoethanol, 3-azidopropan- 1-amine, 4-(2-azidoethoxy)-4-oxobutanoic acid, 2-azidoethyl-2- bromo-2-methylpropanoate, chlorocarbonate, azidocarbonate, dichlorocarbene, carbene, aryne, nitrene, (R-)-oxycarbonyl nitrenes, where R = any one of the following groups, SVG 15976395.06-26-2020.KBWX₈V₀HRXEAPX3.CLM.1.svg 0.31 3.17 Black and white SVG 15976395.06-26-2020.KBWX₈V₀HRXEAPX3.CLM.2.svg 1.99 2.77 Black and white and combinations thereof. Original
The alkali metal-selenium battery of claim 1, wherein said chemically functionalized graphene comprises graphene sheets having a chemical functional group selected from an oxygenated group selected from the group consisting of hydroxyl, peroxide, ether, keto, aldehyde, and combinations thereof. Original
The alkali metal-selenium battery of claim 1, wherein said chemically functionalized graphene comprises graphene sheets comprising a chemical functional group selected from the group consisting of -SO 3 H,-COO H, -NH 2, -OH, -R'CHOH, -CHO, -CN,-COCI, halide, -COSH,-SH, -COOR', -SR', -SiR' 3, -Si(--OR'--) y R' 3 -y, -Si(--O--SiR' 2 --)OR',-R", Li, A l R' 2, Hg--X, T l Z 2 and Mg--X; wherein y is an integer equal to or less than 3, R' is hydrogen, alkyl, aryl, cycloalkyl, or aralkyl, cycloaryl, or poly(alkylether), R" is fluoroalkyl, fluoroaryl, fluorocycloalkyl, fluoroaralkyl or cycloaryl, X is halide, and Z is carboxylate or trifluoroacetate, and combinations thereof. Original
The alkali metal-selenium battery of claim 1, wherein said chemically functionalized graphene comprises graphene sheets having a chemical functional group selected from the group consisting of amidoamines, polyamides, aliphatic amines, modified aliphatic amines, cycloaliphatic amines, aromatic amines, anhydrides, ketimines, diethylenetriamine (DETA), triethylene-tetramine (TETA), tetraethylene-pentamine (TEPA), polyethylene polyamine, polyamine epoxy adduct, phenolic hardener, non-brominated curing agent, non-amine curatives, and combinations thereof. Original
The alkali metal-selenium battery of claim 1, wherein said chemically functionalized graphene comprises graphene sheets having a chemical functional group selected from the group consisting of O Y, NHY, O = C--OY, P = C--NR'Y, O = C--SY, O = C-- Y, --CR'1--OY, N Y or C'Y, and Y is a functional group of a protein, a peptide, an amino acid, an enzyme, an antibody, a nucleotide, an oligonucleotide, an antigen, or an enzyme substrate, enzyme inhibitor or the transition state analog of an enzyme substrate or is selected from R'--OH, R'--NR' 2, R'SH, R'CHO, R'CN, R'X, R'N + (R') 3 X-, R'SiR' 3, R'Si(--OR'--) y R' 3 -y, R'Si(--O--SiR'2--)OR', R'--R", R'--N--CO, (C₂H₄ 0 --) W H, (--C₃H₆ 0 --) W H, (--C₂H₄ O)w- -R', (C 3 H 6 O) W --R', R', and w is an integer greater than one and less than 200. Original
The alkali metal-selenium battery of claim 1, which is selected from a rechargeable lithium-selenium cell, sodium-selenium cell, potassium-selenium cell, lithium ion-selenium cell, sodium ion-selenium cell, or potassium ion-selenium cell. Original
The alkali metal-selenium battery of claim 1, wherein said electrolyte is selected from polymer electrolyte, polymer gel electrolyte, composite electrolyte, ionic liquid electrolyte, nonaqueous liquid electrolyte, soft matter phase electrolyte, solid-state electrolyte, or a combination thereof. Original
The alkali metal-selenium battery of claim 1, wherein said electrolyte contains an alkali salt selected from the group consisting of lithium perchlorate (LiC l O 4), lithium hexafluorophosphate (LiPF 6), lithium borofluoride (LiBF 4), lithium hexafluoroarsenide (LiAsF 6), lithium trifluoro-metasulfonate (LiCF 3 SO 3), bis-trifluoromethyl sulfonylimide lithium (LiN(CF 3 SO 2) 2, lithium bis(oxalato)borate (LiBOB), lithium oxalyldifluoroborate (LiBF 2 C 2 O 4), lithium oxalyldifluoroborate (LiBF 2 C 2 O 4), lithium nitrate (LiNO 3), Li- fluoroalkyl-phosphate (LiPF₃(CF 2 CF 3) 3), lithium bisperfluoroethysulfonylimide (LiBETI), an ionic liquid salt, sodium perchlorate (NaC l O 4), potassium perchlorate (KC 1O 4), sodium hexafluorophosphate (NaPF 6), potassium hexafluorophosphate (KPF 6), sodium borofluoride (NaBF 4), potassium borofluoride (KBF 4), sodium hexafluoroarsenide, potassium hexafluoroarsenide, sodium trifluoro-metasulfonate (NaCF 3 SO 3), potassium trifluoro-metasulfonate (KCF 3 SO 3), bis-trifluoromethyl sulfonylimide sodium (NaN(CF 3 SO 2) 2), sodium trifluoromethanesulfonimide (NaTFSI), bis-trifluoromethyl sulfonylimide potassium (KN(CF 3 SO 2) 2), and combinations thereof. Original
The alkali metal-selenium battery of claim 1, wherein said electrolyte contains a solvent selected from the group consisting of ethylene carbonate (EC), dimethyl carbonate (DMC), methylethyl carbonate (MEC), diethyl carbonate (DEC), ethyl propionate, methyl propionate, propylene carbonate (PC), y -butyrolactone (y -BL), acetonitrile (AN), ethyl acetate (E A), propyl formate (PF), methyl formate (MF), toluene, xylene or methyl acetate (MA), fluoroethylene carbonate (FEC), vinylene carbonate (VC), allyl ethyl carbonate (AEC), 1,3-dioxolane (DOL), 1,2-dimethoxyethane (DME), tetraethylene glycol dimethylether (TEGDME), poly(ethylene glyc ol) dimethyl ether (PEGDME), diethylene glycol dibutyl ether (DEGDBE), 2-ethoxyethyl ether (EE E), sulfone, sulfolane, room temperature ionic liquid, and combinations thereof. Original
The alkali metal-selenium battery of claim 1, wherein said anode active material is selected from the group consisting of Li, Na, K, an alloy thereof, a compound thereof, graphite, carbon, Si, Si O, Sn, SnO 2, a transition metal oxide, and combinations thereof. Original
The alkali metal-selenium battery of claim 1, wherein said cathode active material layer contains a cathode active material selected from the group consisting of Se, metal selenide, a second element selected from Sn, Sb, Bi, S, Te, and combinations thereof and said cathode active material is in a form of thin coating or particles having a thickness of diameter from 0.5 nm to 100 nm. Original
Layer stacks claimed or described, ordered top of device to substrate.
alkali metal-selenium battery
Materials described outside the worked examples.
selenium
Se
selenium-carbon hybrid
selenium-graphite hybrid
selenium-graphene hybrid
conducting polymer-selenium hybrid
metal selenide
Se alloy or mixture with Sn, Sb, Bi, S, or Te
solid graphene foam
pristine graphene
graphene oxide
reduced graphene oxide
graphene fluoride
graphene chloride
graphene bromide
graphene iodide
hydrogenated graphene
nitrogenated graphene
chemically functionalized graphene
carbon or graphite filler
electrolyte
anode active material
Measurements and analyses referenced in the patent, with their drawing references.
FIG.4 In -plane and through-plane electrical conductivity values of some GO-derived graphene foam sheets (prepared by Comma coating, heat treatment, and …
FIG.5 (C) Electrical conductivity data for the GO suspension-derived foam produced by the presently invented process and the hydrothermally reduced GO graphene …
FIG.11 Ragone plots (cell power density vs. cell energy density) of two Li metal-selenium cells; one containing a pristine graphene foam separator and the …
FIG.12 Ragone plots (cell power density vs. cell energy density) of 2 alkali metal-selenium cells: a Na-Se cell featuring an open-cell RGO foam-based separator …
Performance values and ranges asserted in the specification or claims.
| Property | Value | Material |
|---|---|---|
Thickness | 0.5–100 nm | — |
Temperature | 80–3200 °C | — |
Thickness | 0.3354–0.36 nm | — |
Temperature | 100–3000 °C | — |
Duration | 900–7200 s | — |
Temperature | 0–500 °C | — |
Temperature | 100–1500 °C | — |
Temperature | 130–230 °C | — |
Duration | 0.5–5 hours | — |
Duration | 48–72 hours | — |
— | 250–500 W | — |
Duration | 4–120 hours | — |
Temperature | 20–25 °C | — |
— | 140–300 W | — |
— | 10–30 W | — |
Temperature | 200–400 °C | — |
Temperature | 150–250 °C | — |
Duration | 5–16 hours | — |
Temperature | 80–350 °C | — |
Duration | 1–8 hours | — |
Temperature | 1500–2850 °C | — |
Duration | 48–96 hours | — |
Duration | 10–100 minutes | — |
Temperature | 80–500 °C | — |
Duration | 1–5 hours | — |
Temperature | 80–1500 °C | — |
Duration | 1–10 hours | — |
Thickness | 2–50 nm | — |
Temperature | 200–350 °C | — |
Temperature | 3000–3250 °C | — |
Pressure | ≤ 1 torr | — |
Temperature | ≤ 2500 °C | — |
Thickness | ≤ 0.4 nm | — |
Thickness | ≥ 1 nm | — |
Temperature | ≥ 2100 °C | — |
Temperature | ≥ 2500 °C | — |
Duration | ≥ 15 minutes | — |
Thickness | 0.5–50 nm | — |
Thickness | 1–10 nm | — |
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Patent drawings and their descriptions. Click a drawing to enlarge it.
FIG.1 Schematic drawing illustrating the processes for producing conventional paper, mat, film, and membrane of simply aggregated graphite or NGP …
FIG.2(B) provides a schematic drawing to illustrate an example of a paper-making operation (using a mold cavity cell with a vacuum-assisted suction provision) …
FIG.3 A possible mechanism of chemical linking between graphene oxide sheets, which mechanism effectively increases the graphene sheet lateral dimensions.
FIG.4 In -plane and through-plane electrical conductivity values of some GO-derived graphene foam sheets (prepared by Comma coating, heat treatment, and …
FIG.5 (C) Electrical conductivity data for the GO suspension-derived foam produced by the presently invented process and the hydrothermally reduced GO graphene …
FIG. 6(A) are the thermal conductivity values vs. specific gravity of the GO suspension-derived foam (Example 3), mesophase pitch-derived graphite foam …
FIG.7 Thermal conductivity values of graphene foam samples derived from GO and GF (graphene fluoride) as a function of the specific gravity.
FIG.8 Thermal conductivity values of graphene foam samples derived from GO and pristine graphene as a function of the final (maximum) heat treatment …
FIG. 9(B). It is of significance to point out that a heat treatment temperature as low as 500 ° C is sufficient to bring the average inter-graphene spacing in GO …
FIG.10 The charge and discharge cycling results of three Li-Se cells, one containing a presently invented separator or ion-trapping layer layer of GO-derived …
FIG.11 Ragone plots (cell power density vs. cell energy density) of two Li metal-selenium cells; one containing a pristine graphene foam separator and the …
FIG.12 Ragone plots (cell power density vs. cell energy density) of 2 alkali metal-selenium cells: a Na-Se cell featuring an open-cell RGO foam-based separator …
Claims define the patent's legal scope. Independent claims stand alone; dependent claims (nested) narrow them. Click a claim to expand its dependents.
An alkali metal-selenium battery comprising: A) an anode comprising an anode active material layer and an optional anode current collector supporting said anode active material layer; B) a cathode comprising a cathode active material layer and an optional cathode current collector supporting said cathode active material layer, wherein said cathode active material layer comprising a selenium-containing material, as a cathode active material, selected from selenium, a selenium-carbon hybrid, a selenium-graphite hybrid, a selenium-graphene hybrid, a conducting polymer-selenium hybrid, a metal selenide, a Se alloy or mixture with Sn, Sb, Bi, S, or Te, a selenium compound, or a combination thereof; C) an electrolyte in ionic contact with the cathode and the anode and an optional porous separator that electronically insulates and separates said anode and said cathode; and D) a graphene separator layer comprising a solid graphene foam that is permeable to lithium ions or sodium ions but is substantially non-permeable to selenium or metal selenide ions, wherein said graphene separator layer is disposed between said anode active material layer and said cathode active material layer and is in physical contact with said cathode active material layer but not in physical contact with said anode active material layer and wherein said graphene separator layer contains pristine graphene sheets having less than 0.01% by weight of non-carbon elements or non-pristine graphene sheets having 0.01% to 20% by weight of noncarbon elements, wherein said non-pristine graphene is selected from the group consisting of graphene oxide, reduced graphene oxide, graphene fluoride, graphene chloride, graphene bromide, graphene iodide, hydrogenated graphene, nitrogenated graphene, boron-doped graphene, nitrogen- doped graphene, chemically functionalized graphene, and combinations thereof. Currently amended
The alkali metal-selenium battery of claim 1, wherein said solid graphene foam comprises a three-dimensional network of interconnected open cells or closed cells. Original
The alkali metal-selenium battery of claim 1, wherein said solid graphene foam has a density ranging from about 0.001 g/cm 3 to about 1.7 g/cm 3. Currently amended
The alkali metal-selenium battery of claim 1, wherein said graphene separator layer has a thickness from 5 nm to 50 pm. Original
The alkali metal-selenium battery of claim 1, wherein said solid graphene foam omprises pores having a size from 0.5 nm to 50 nm. Currently amended
The alkali metal-selenium battery of claim 1, wherein said battery comprises an electronically insulating porous separator that separates said anode active material layer and said cathode active material layer, and said graphene separator layer is disposed between said cathode active material layer and said electronically insulating porous separator. Original
The alkali metal-selenium battery of claim 1, wherein said solid graphene foam further comprises a carbon or graphite filler selected from the group consisting of carbon fiber, graphite fiber, carbon nanofiber, graphite nanofiber, carbon nanotube, carbon nanorod, mesophase carbon particle, mesocarbon microbead, expanded graphite flake, needle coke, carbon black or acetylene black, activated carbon, and combinations thereof. Currently amended
The alkali metal-selenium battery of claim 1, wherein said chemically functionalized graphene comprises graphene sheets comprising a chemical functional group selected from the group consisting of alkyl or aryl silane, alkyl or aralkyl group, hydroxyl group, carboxyl group, carboxylic group, amine group, sulfonate group (--S O 3 H), aldehydic group, quinoidal, fluorocarbon, and combinations thereof. Original
The alkali metal-selenium battery of claim 1, wherein said chemically functionalized graphene comprises graphene sheets comprising a chemical functional group selected from a derivative of an azide compound selected from the group consisting of 2- azidoethanol, 3-azidopropan- 1-amine, 4-(2-azidoethoxy)-4-oxobutanoic acid, 2-azidoethyl-2- bromo-2-methylpropanoate, chlorocarbonate, azidocarbonate, dichlorocarbene, carbene, aryne, nitrene, (R-)-oxycarbonyl nitrenes, where R = any one of the following groups, SVG 15976395.06-26-2020.KBWX₈V₀HRXEAPX3.CLM.1.svg 0.31 3.17 Black and white SVG 15976395.06-26-2020.KBWX₈V₀HRXEAPX3.CLM.2.svg 1.99 2.77 Black and white and combinations thereof. Original
The alkali metal-selenium battery of claim 1, wherein said chemically functionalized graphene comprises graphene sheets having a chemical functional group selected from an oxygenated group selected from the group consisting of hydroxyl, peroxide, ether, keto, aldehyde, and combinations thereof. Original
The alkali metal-selenium battery of claim 1, wherein said chemically functionalized graphene comprises graphene sheets comprising a chemical functional group selected from the group consisting of -SO 3 H,-COO H, -NH 2, -OH, -R'CHOH, -CHO, -CN,-COCI, halide, -COSH,-SH, -COOR', -SR', -SiR' 3, -Si(--OR'--) y R' 3 -y, -Si(--O--SiR' 2 --)OR',-R", Li, A l R' 2, Hg--X, T l Z 2 and Mg--X; wherein y is an integer equal to or less than 3, R' is hydrogen, alkyl, aryl, cycloalkyl, or aralkyl, cycloaryl, or poly(alkylether), R" is fluoroalkyl, fluoroaryl, fluorocycloalkyl, fluoroaralkyl or cycloaryl, X is halide, and Z is carboxylate or trifluoroacetate, and combinations thereof. Original
The alkali metal-selenium battery of claim 1, wherein said chemically functionalized graphene comprises graphene sheets having a chemical functional group selected from the group consisting of amidoamines, polyamides, aliphatic amines, modified aliphatic amines, cycloaliphatic amines, aromatic amines, anhydrides, ketimines, diethylenetriamine (DETA), triethylene-tetramine (TETA), tetraethylene-pentamine (TEPA), polyethylene polyamine, polyamine epoxy adduct, phenolic hardener, non-brominated curing agent, non-amine curatives, and combinations thereof. Original
The alkali metal-selenium battery of claim 1, wherein said chemically functionalized graphene comprises graphene sheets having a chemical functional group selected from the group consisting of O Y, NHY, O = C--OY, P = C--NR'Y, O = C--SY, O = C-- Y, --CR'1--OY, N Y or C'Y, and Y is a functional group of a protein, a peptide, an amino acid, an enzyme, an antibody, a nucleotide, an oligonucleotide, an antigen, or an enzyme substrate, enzyme inhibitor or the transition state analog of an enzyme substrate or is selected from R'--OH, R'--NR' 2, R'SH, R'CHO, R'CN, R'X, R'N + (R') 3 X-, R'SiR' 3, R'Si(--OR'--) y R' 3 -y, R'Si(--O--SiR'2--)OR', R'--R", R'--N--CO, (C₂H₄ 0 --) W H, (--C₃H₆ 0 --) W H, (--C₂H₄ O)w- -R', (C 3 H 6 O) W --R', R', and w is an integer greater than one and less than 200. Original
The alkali metal-selenium battery of claim 1, which is selected from a rechargeable lithium-selenium cell, sodium-selenium cell, potassium-selenium cell, lithium ion-selenium cell, sodium ion-selenium cell, or potassium ion-selenium cell. Original
The alkali metal-selenium battery of claim 1, wherein said electrolyte is selected from polymer electrolyte, polymer gel electrolyte, composite electrolyte, ionic liquid electrolyte, nonaqueous liquid electrolyte, soft matter phase electrolyte, solid-state electrolyte, or a combination thereof. Original
The alkali metal-selenium battery of claim 1, wherein said electrolyte contains an alkali salt selected from the group consisting of lithium perchlorate (LiC l O 4), lithium hexafluorophosphate (LiPF 6), lithium borofluoride (LiBF 4), lithium hexafluoroarsenide (LiAsF 6), lithium trifluoro-metasulfonate (LiCF 3 SO 3), bis-trifluoromethyl sulfonylimide lithium (LiN(CF 3 SO 2) 2, lithium bis(oxalato)borate (LiBOB), lithium oxalyldifluoroborate (LiBF 2 C 2 O 4), lithium oxalyldifluoroborate (LiBF 2 C 2 O 4), lithium nitrate (LiNO 3), Li- fluoroalkyl-phosphate (LiPF₃(CF 2 CF 3) 3), lithium bisperfluoroethysulfonylimide (LiBETI), an ionic liquid salt, sodium perchlorate (NaC l O 4), potassium perchlorate (KC 1O 4), sodium hexafluorophosphate (NaPF 6), potassium hexafluorophosphate (KPF 6), sodium borofluoride (NaBF 4), potassium borofluoride (KBF 4), sodium hexafluoroarsenide, potassium hexafluoroarsenide, sodium trifluoro-metasulfonate (NaCF 3 SO 3), potassium trifluoro-metasulfonate (KCF 3 SO 3), bis-trifluoromethyl sulfonylimide sodium (NaN(CF 3 SO 2) 2), sodium trifluoromethanesulfonimide (NaTFSI), bis-trifluoromethyl sulfonylimide potassium (KN(CF 3 SO 2) 2), and combinations thereof. Original
The alkali metal-selenium battery of claim 1, wherein said electrolyte contains a solvent selected from the group consisting of ethylene carbonate (EC), dimethyl carbonate (DMC), methylethyl carbonate (MEC), diethyl carbonate (DEC), ethyl propionate, methyl propionate, propylene carbonate (PC), y -butyrolactone (y -BL), acetonitrile (AN), ethyl acetate (E A), propyl formate (PF), methyl formate (MF), toluene, xylene or methyl acetate (MA), fluoroethylene carbonate (FEC), vinylene carbonate (VC), allyl ethyl carbonate (AEC), 1,3-dioxolane (DOL), 1,2-dimethoxyethane (DME), tetraethylene glycol dimethylether (TEGDME), poly(ethylene glyc ol) dimethyl ether (PEGDME), diethylene glycol dibutyl ether (DEGDBE), 2-ethoxyethyl ether (EE E), sulfone, sulfolane, room temperature ionic liquid, and combinations thereof. Original
The alkali metal-selenium battery of claim 1, wherein said anode active material is selected from the group consisting of Li, Na, K, an alloy thereof, a compound thereof, graphite, carbon, Si, Si O, Sn, SnO 2, a transition metal oxide, and combinations thereof. Original
The alkali metal-selenium battery of claim 1, wherein said cathode active material layer contains a cathode active material selected from the group consisting of Se, metal selenide, a second element selected from Sn, Sb, Bi, S, Te, and combinations thereof and said cathode active material is in a form of thin coating or particles having a thickness of diameter from 0.5 nm to 100 nm. Original
Layer stacks claimed or described, ordered top of device to substrate.
alkali metal-selenium battery
Materials described outside the worked examples.
selenium
Se
selenium-carbon hybrid
selenium-graphite hybrid
selenium-graphene hybrid
conducting polymer-selenium hybrid
metal selenide
Se alloy or mixture with Sn, Sb, Bi, S, or Te
solid graphene foam
pristine graphene
graphene oxide
reduced graphene oxide
graphene fluoride
graphene chloride
graphene bromide
graphene iodide
hydrogenated graphene
nitrogenated graphene
chemically functionalized graphene
carbon or graphite filler
electrolyte
anode active material
Measurements and analyses referenced in the patent, with their drawing references.
FIG.4 In -plane and through-plane electrical conductivity values of some GO-derived graphene foam sheets (prepared by Comma coating, heat treatment, and …
FIG.5 (C) Electrical conductivity data for the GO suspension-derived foam produced by the presently invented process and the hydrothermally reduced GO graphene …
FIG.11 Ragone plots (cell power density vs. cell energy density) of two Li metal-selenium cells; one containing a pristine graphene foam separator and the …
FIG.12 Ragone plots (cell power density vs. cell energy density) of 2 alkali metal-selenium cells: a Na-Se cell featuring an open-cell RGO foam-based separator …
Performance values and ranges asserted in the specification or claims.
| Property | Value | Material |
|---|---|---|
Thickness | 0.5–100 nm | — |
Temperature | 80–3200 °C | — |
Thickness | 0.3354–0.36 nm | — |
Temperature | 100–3000 °C | — |
Duration | 900–7200 s | — |
Temperature | 0–500 °C | — |
Temperature | 100–1500 °C | — |
Temperature | 130–230 °C | — |
Duration | 0.5–5 hours | — |
Duration | 48–72 hours | — |
— | 250–500 W | — |
Duration | 4–120 hours | — |
Temperature | 20–25 °C | — |
— | 140–300 W | — |
— | 10–30 W | — |
Temperature | 200–400 °C | — |
Temperature | 150–250 °C | — |
Duration | 5–16 hours | — |
Temperature | 80–350 °C | — |
Duration | 1–8 hours | — |
Temperature | 1500–2850 °C | — |
Duration | 48–96 hours | — |
Duration | 10–100 minutes | — |
Temperature | 80–500 °C | — |
Duration | 1–5 hours | — |
Temperature | 80–1500 °C | — |
Duration | 1–10 hours | — |
Thickness | 2–50 nm | — |
Temperature | 200–350 °C | — |
Temperature | 3000–3250 °C | — |
Pressure | ≤ 1 torr | — |
Temperature | ≤ 2500 °C | — |
Thickness | ≤ 0.4 nm | — |
Thickness | ≥ 1 nm | — |
Temperature | ≥ 2100 °C | — |
Temperature | ≥ 2500 °C | — |
Duration | ≥ 15 minutes | — |
Thickness | 0.5–50 nm | — |
Thickness | 1–10 nm | — |
Related documents with shared materials, methods, properties, or citations.
ALKALI METAL-SELENIUM SECONDARY BATTERY CONTAINING A GRAPHENE FOAM-PROTECTED SELENIUM CATHODE
STORAGE BATTERY ELECTRODE, MANUFACTURING METHOD THEREOF, STORAGE BATTERY, ELECTRONIC DEVICE, AND GRAPHENE
MULTI-LAYERED GRAPHENE FILMS, ENERGY STORAGE DEVICES USING MULTI-LAYERED GRAPHENE FILMS AS ELECTRODES, AND METHODS OF MANUFACTURING MULTI-LAYERED GRAPHENE FILMS AND ENERGY STORAGE DEVICES
Graphene-Enabled Niobium-Based Composite Metal Oxide as an Anode Active Material for a Lithium-Ion Battery
GRAPHENE, POWER STORAGE DEVICE, AND ELECTRIC DEVICE
DETECTION OF TRANSLOCATION EVENTS USING GRAPHENE-BASED NANOPORE ASSEMBLIES
Graphene/Graphite-Based Filament for Thermal Ionization
Graphene-Enabled Anti-Corrosion Coating
ANTI-CORROSION MATERIAL-COATED DISCRETE GRAPHENE SHEETS AND ANTI-CORROSION COATING COMPOSITION CONTAINING SAME
PREPARATION METHOD OF REDUCED AND N-DOPED GRAPHENE OXIDE AND THE REDUCED AND N-DOPED GRAPHENE OXIDE THEREBY
GRAPHENE-TROUGH PUMP SYSTEMS
Supercapacitor and Electrode Having Cellulose Nanofiber-Spaced Graphene Sheets and Production Process
Patent drawings and their descriptions. Click a drawing to enlarge it.
FIG.1 Schematic drawing illustrating the processes for producing conventional paper, mat, film, and membrane of simply aggregated graphite or NGP …
FIG.2(B) provides a schematic drawing to illustrate an example of a paper-making operation (using a mold cavity cell with a vacuum-assisted suction provision) …
FIG.3 A possible mechanism of chemical linking between graphene oxide sheets, which mechanism effectively increases the graphene sheet lateral dimensions.
FIG.4 In -plane and through-plane electrical conductivity values of some GO-derived graphene foam sheets (prepared by Comma coating, heat treatment, and …
FIG.5 (C) Electrical conductivity data for the GO suspension-derived foam produced by the presently invented process and the hydrothermally reduced GO graphene …
FIG. 6(A) are the thermal conductivity values vs. specific gravity of the GO suspension-derived foam (Example 3), mesophase pitch-derived graphite foam …
FIG.7 Thermal conductivity values of graphene foam samples derived from GO and GF (graphene fluoride) as a function of the specific gravity.
FIG.8 Thermal conductivity values of graphene foam samples derived from GO and pristine graphene as a function of the final (maximum) heat treatment …
FIG. 9(B). It is of significance to point out that a heat treatment temperature as low as 500 ° C is sufficient to bring the average inter-graphene spacing in GO …
FIG.10 The charge and discharge cycling results of three Li-Se cells, one containing a presently invented separator or ion-trapping layer layer of GO-derived …
FIG.11 Ragone plots (cell power density vs. cell energy density) of two Li metal-selenium cells; one containing a pristine graphene foam separator and the …
FIG.12 Ragone plots (cell power density vs. cell energy density) of 2 alkali metal-selenium cells: a Na-Se cell featuring an open-cell RGO foam-based separator …
Claims define the patent's legal scope. Independent claims stand alone; dependent claims (nested) narrow them. Click a claim to expand its dependents.
An alkali metal-selenium battery comprising: A) an anode comprising an anode active material layer and an optional anode current collector supporting said anode active material layer; B) a cathode comprising a cathode active material layer and an optional cathode current collector supporting said cathode active material layer, wherein said cathode active material layer comprising a selenium-containing material, as a cathode active material, selected from selenium, a selenium-carbon hybrid, a selenium-graphite hybrid, a selenium-graphene hybrid, a conducting polymer-selenium hybrid, a metal selenide, a Se alloy or mixture with Sn, Sb, Bi, S, or Te, a selenium compound, or a combination thereof; C) an electrolyte in ionic contact with the cathode and the anode and an optional porous separator that electronically insulates and separates said anode and said cathode; and D) a graphene separator layer comprising a solid graphene foam that is permeable to lithium ions or sodium ions but is substantially non-permeable to selenium or metal selenide ions, wherein said graphene separator layer is disposed between said anode active material layer and said cathode active material layer and is in physical contact with said cathode active material layer but not in physical contact with said anode active material layer and wherein said graphene separator layer contains pristine graphene sheets having less than 0.01% by weight of non-carbon elements or non-pristine graphene sheets having 0.01% to 20% by weight of noncarbon elements, wherein said non-pristine graphene is selected from the group consisting of graphene oxide, reduced graphene oxide, graphene fluoride, graphene chloride, graphene bromide, graphene iodide, hydrogenated graphene, nitrogenated graphene, boron-doped graphene, nitrogen- doped graphene, chemically functionalized graphene, and combinations thereof. Currently amended
The alkali metal-selenium battery of claim 1, wherein said solid graphene foam comprises a three-dimensional network of interconnected open cells or closed cells. Original
The alkali metal-selenium battery of claim 1, wherein said solid graphene foam has a density ranging from about 0.001 g/cm 3 to about 1.7 g/cm 3. Currently amended
The alkali metal-selenium battery of claim 1, wherein said graphene separator layer has a thickness from 5 nm to 50 pm. Original
The alkali metal-selenium battery of claim 1, wherein said solid graphene foam omprises pores having a size from 0.5 nm to 50 nm. Currently amended
The alkali metal-selenium battery of claim 1, wherein said battery comprises an electronically insulating porous separator that separates said anode active material layer and said cathode active material layer, and said graphene separator layer is disposed between said cathode active material layer and said electronically insulating porous separator. Original
The alkali metal-selenium battery of claim 1, wherein said solid graphene foam further comprises a carbon or graphite filler selected from the group consisting of carbon fiber, graphite fiber, carbon nanofiber, graphite nanofiber, carbon nanotube, carbon nanorod, mesophase carbon particle, mesocarbon microbead, expanded graphite flake, needle coke, carbon black or acetylene black, activated carbon, and combinations thereof. Currently amended
The alkali metal-selenium battery of claim 1, wherein said chemically functionalized graphene comprises graphene sheets comprising a chemical functional group selected from the group consisting of alkyl or aryl silane, alkyl or aralkyl group, hydroxyl group, carboxyl group, carboxylic group, amine group, sulfonate group (--S O 3 H), aldehydic group, quinoidal, fluorocarbon, and combinations thereof. Original
The alkali metal-selenium battery of claim 1, wherein said chemically functionalized graphene comprises graphene sheets comprising a chemical functional group selected from a derivative of an azide compound selected from the group consisting of 2- azidoethanol, 3-azidopropan- 1-amine, 4-(2-azidoethoxy)-4-oxobutanoic acid, 2-azidoethyl-2- bromo-2-methylpropanoate, chlorocarbonate, azidocarbonate, dichlorocarbene, carbene, aryne, nitrene, (R-)-oxycarbonyl nitrenes, where R = any one of the following groups, SVG 15976395.06-26-2020.KBWX₈V₀HRXEAPX3.CLM.1.svg 0.31 3.17 Black and white SVG 15976395.06-26-2020.KBWX₈V₀HRXEAPX3.CLM.2.svg 1.99 2.77 Black and white and combinations thereof. Original
The alkali metal-selenium battery of claim 1, wherein said chemically functionalized graphene comprises graphene sheets having a chemical functional group selected from an oxygenated group selected from the group consisting of hydroxyl, peroxide, ether, keto, aldehyde, and combinations thereof. Original
The alkali metal-selenium battery of claim 1, wherein said chemically functionalized graphene comprises graphene sheets comprising a chemical functional group selected from the group consisting of -SO 3 H,-COO H, -NH 2, -OH, -R'CHOH, -CHO, -CN,-COCI, halide, -COSH,-SH, -COOR', -SR', -SiR' 3, -Si(--OR'--) y R' 3 -y, -Si(--O--SiR' 2 --)OR',-R", Li, A l R' 2, Hg--X, T l Z 2 and Mg--X; wherein y is an integer equal to or less than 3, R' is hydrogen, alkyl, aryl, cycloalkyl, or aralkyl, cycloaryl, or poly(alkylether), R" is fluoroalkyl, fluoroaryl, fluorocycloalkyl, fluoroaralkyl or cycloaryl, X is halide, and Z is carboxylate or trifluoroacetate, and combinations thereof. Original
The alkali metal-selenium battery of claim 1, wherein said chemically functionalized graphene comprises graphene sheets having a chemical functional group selected from the group consisting of amidoamines, polyamides, aliphatic amines, modified aliphatic amines, cycloaliphatic amines, aromatic amines, anhydrides, ketimines, diethylenetriamine (DETA), triethylene-tetramine (TETA), tetraethylene-pentamine (TEPA), polyethylene polyamine, polyamine epoxy adduct, phenolic hardener, non-brominated curing agent, non-amine curatives, and combinations thereof. Original
The alkali metal-selenium battery of claim 1, wherein said chemically functionalized graphene comprises graphene sheets having a chemical functional group selected from the group consisting of O Y, NHY, O = C--OY, P = C--NR'Y, O = C--SY, O = C-- Y, --CR'1--OY, N Y or C'Y, and Y is a functional group of a protein, a peptide, an amino acid, an enzyme, an antibody, a nucleotide, an oligonucleotide, an antigen, or an enzyme substrate, enzyme inhibitor or the transition state analog of an enzyme substrate or is selected from R'--OH, R'--NR' 2, R'SH, R'CHO, R'CN, R'X, R'N + (R') 3 X-, R'SiR' 3, R'Si(--OR'--) y R' 3 -y, R'Si(--O--SiR'2--)OR', R'--R", R'--N--CO, (C₂H₄ 0 --) W H, (--C₃H₆ 0 --) W H, (--C₂H₄ O)w- -R', (C 3 H 6 O) W --R', R', and w is an integer greater than one and less than 200. Original
The alkali metal-selenium battery of claim 1, which is selected from a rechargeable lithium-selenium cell, sodium-selenium cell, potassium-selenium cell, lithium ion-selenium cell, sodium ion-selenium cell, or potassium ion-selenium cell. Original
The alkali metal-selenium battery of claim 1, wherein said electrolyte is selected from polymer electrolyte, polymer gel electrolyte, composite electrolyte, ionic liquid electrolyte, nonaqueous liquid electrolyte, soft matter phase electrolyte, solid-state electrolyte, or a combination thereof. Original
The alkali metal-selenium battery of claim 1, wherein said electrolyte contains an alkali salt selected from the group consisting of lithium perchlorate (LiC l O 4), lithium hexafluorophosphate (LiPF 6), lithium borofluoride (LiBF 4), lithium hexafluoroarsenide (LiAsF 6), lithium trifluoro-metasulfonate (LiCF 3 SO 3), bis-trifluoromethyl sulfonylimide lithium (LiN(CF 3 SO 2) 2, lithium bis(oxalato)borate (LiBOB), lithium oxalyldifluoroborate (LiBF 2 C 2 O 4), lithium oxalyldifluoroborate (LiBF 2 C 2 O 4), lithium nitrate (LiNO 3), Li- fluoroalkyl-phosphate (LiPF₃(CF 2 CF 3) 3), lithium bisperfluoroethysulfonylimide (LiBETI), an ionic liquid salt, sodium perchlorate (NaC l O 4), potassium perchlorate (KC 1O 4), sodium hexafluorophosphate (NaPF 6), potassium hexafluorophosphate (KPF 6), sodium borofluoride (NaBF 4), potassium borofluoride (KBF 4), sodium hexafluoroarsenide, potassium hexafluoroarsenide, sodium trifluoro-metasulfonate (NaCF 3 SO 3), potassium trifluoro-metasulfonate (KCF 3 SO 3), bis-trifluoromethyl sulfonylimide sodium (NaN(CF 3 SO 2) 2), sodium trifluoromethanesulfonimide (NaTFSI), bis-trifluoromethyl sulfonylimide potassium (KN(CF 3 SO 2) 2), and combinations thereof. Original
The alkali metal-selenium battery of claim 1, wherein said electrolyte contains a solvent selected from the group consisting of ethylene carbonate (EC), dimethyl carbonate (DMC), methylethyl carbonate (MEC), diethyl carbonate (DEC), ethyl propionate, methyl propionate, propylene carbonate (PC), y -butyrolactone (y -BL), acetonitrile (AN), ethyl acetate (E A), propyl formate (PF), methyl formate (MF), toluene, xylene or methyl acetate (MA), fluoroethylene carbonate (FEC), vinylene carbonate (VC), allyl ethyl carbonate (AEC), 1,3-dioxolane (DOL), 1,2-dimethoxyethane (DME), tetraethylene glycol dimethylether (TEGDME), poly(ethylene glyc ol) dimethyl ether (PEGDME), diethylene glycol dibutyl ether (DEGDBE), 2-ethoxyethyl ether (EE E), sulfone, sulfolane, room temperature ionic liquid, and combinations thereof. Original
The alkali metal-selenium battery of claim 1, wherein said anode active material is selected from the group consisting of Li, Na, K, an alloy thereof, a compound thereof, graphite, carbon, Si, Si O, Sn, SnO 2, a transition metal oxide, and combinations thereof. Original
The alkali metal-selenium battery of claim 1, wherein said cathode active material layer contains a cathode active material selected from the group consisting of Se, metal selenide, a second element selected from Sn, Sb, Bi, S, Te, and combinations thereof and said cathode active material is in a form of thin coating or particles having a thickness of diameter from 0.5 nm to 100 nm. Original
Layer stacks claimed or described, ordered top of device to substrate.
alkali metal-selenium battery
Materials described outside the worked examples.
selenium
Se
selenium-carbon hybrid
selenium-graphite hybrid
selenium-graphene hybrid
conducting polymer-selenium hybrid
metal selenide
Se alloy or mixture with Sn, Sb, Bi, S, or Te
solid graphene foam
pristine graphene
graphene oxide
reduced graphene oxide
graphene fluoride
graphene chloride
graphene bromide
graphene iodide
hydrogenated graphene
nitrogenated graphene
chemically functionalized graphene
carbon or graphite filler
electrolyte
anode active material
Measurements and analyses referenced in the patent, with their drawing references.
FIG.4 In -plane and through-plane electrical conductivity values of some GO-derived graphene foam sheets (prepared by Comma coating, heat treatment, and …
FIG.5 (C) Electrical conductivity data for the GO suspension-derived foam produced by the presently invented process and the hydrothermally reduced GO graphene …
FIG.11 Ragone plots (cell power density vs. cell energy density) of two Li metal-selenium cells; one containing a pristine graphene foam separator and the …
FIG.12 Ragone plots (cell power density vs. cell energy density) of 2 alkali metal-selenium cells: a Na-Se cell featuring an open-cell RGO foam-based separator …
Performance values and ranges asserted in the specification or claims.
| Property | Value | Material |
|---|---|---|
Thickness | 0.5–100 nm | — |
Temperature | 80–3200 °C | — |
Thickness | 0.3354–0.36 nm | — |
Temperature | 100–3000 °C | — |
Duration | 900–7200 s | — |
Temperature | 0–500 °C | — |
Temperature | 100–1500 °C | — |
Temperature | 130–230 °C | — |
Duration | 0.5–5 hours | — |
Duration | 48–72 hours | — |
— | 250–500 W | — |
Duration | 4–120 hours | — |
Temperature | 20–25 °C | — |
— | 140–300 W | — |
— | 10–30 W | — |
Temperature | 200–400 °C | — |
Temperature | 150–250 °C | — |
Duration | 5–16 hours | — |
Temperature | 80–350 °C | — |
Duration | 1–8 hours | — |
Temperature | 1500–2850 °C | — |
Duration | 48–96 hours | — |
Duration | 10–100 minutes | — |
Temperature | 80–500 °C | — |
Duration | 1–5 hours | — |
Temperature | 80–1500 °C | — |
Duration | 1–10 hours | — |
Thickness | 2–50 nm | — |
Temperature | 200–350 °C | — |
Temperature | 3000–3250 °C | — |
Pressure | ≤ 1 torr | — |
Temperature | ≤ 2500 °C | — |
Thickness | ≤ 0.4 nm | — |
Thickness | ≥ 1 nm | — |
Temperature | ≥ 2100 °C | — |
Temperature | ≥ 2500 °C | — |
Duration | ≥ 15 minutes | — |
Thickness | 0.5–50 nm | — |
Thickness | 1–10 nm | — |
Related documents with shared materials, methods, properties, or citations.
ALKALI METAL-SELENIUM SECONDARY BATTERY CONTAINING A GRAPHENE FOAM-PROTECTED SELENIUM CATHODE
STORAGE BATTERY ELECTRODE, MANUFACTURING METHOD THEREOF, STORAGE BATTERY, ELECTRONIC DEVICE, AND GRAPHENE
MULTI-LAYERED GRAPHENE FILMS, ENERGY STORAGE DEVICES USING MULTI-LAYERED GRAPHENE FILMS AS ELECTRODES, AND METHODS OF MANUFACTURING MULTI-LAYERED GRAPHENE FILMS AND ENERGY STORAGE DEVICES
Graphene-Enabled Niobium-Based Composite Metal Oxide as an Anode Active Material for a Lithium-Ion Battery
GRAPHENE, POWER STORAGE DEVICE, AND ELECTRIC DEVICE
DETECTION OF TRANSLOCATION EVENTS USING GRAPHENE-BASED NANOPORE ASSEMBLIES
Graphene/Graphite-Based Filament for Thermal Ionization
Graphene-Enabled Anti-Corrosion Coating
ANTI-CORROSION MATERIAL-COATED DISCRETE GRAPHENE SHEETS AND ANTI-CORROSION COATING COMPOSITION CONTAINING SAME
PREPARATION METHOD OF REDUCED AND N-DOPED GRAPHENE OXIDE AND THE REDUCED AND N-DOPED GRAPHENE OXIDE THEREBY
GRAPHENE-TROUGH PUMP SYSTEMS
Supercapacitor and Electrode Having Cellulose Nanofiber-Spaced Graphene Sheets and Production Process
Patent drawings and their descriptions. Click a drawing to enlarge it.
FIG.1 Schematic drawing illustrating the processes for producing conventional paper, mat, film, and membrane of simply aggregated graphite or NGP …
FIG.2(B) provides a schematic drawing to illustrate an example of a paper-making operation (using a mold cavity cell with a vacuum-assisted suction provision) …
FIG.3 A possible mechanism of chemical linking between graphene oxide sheets, which mechanism effectively increases the graphene sheet lateral dimensions.
FIG.4 In -plane and through-plane electrical conductivity values of some GO-derived graphene foam sheets (prepared by Comma coating, heat treatment, and …
FIG.5 (C) Electrical conductivity data for the GO suspension-derived foam produced by the presently invented process and the hydrothermally reduced GO graphene …
FIG. 6(A) are the thermal conductivity values vs. specific gravity of the GO suspension-derived foam (Example 3), mesophase pitch-derived graphite foam …
FIG.7 Thermal conductivity values of graphene foam samples derived from GO and GF (graphene fluoride) as a function of the specific gravity.
FIG.8 Thermal conductivity values of graphene foam samples derived from GO and pristine graphene as a function of the final (maximum) heat treatment …
FIG. 9(B). It is of significance to point out that a heat treatment temperature as low as 500 ° C is sufficient to bring the average inter-graphene spacing in GO …
FIG.10 The charge and discharge cycling results of three Li-Se cells, one containing a presently invented separator or ion-trapping layer layer of GO-derived …
FIG.11 Ragone plots (cell power density vs. cell energy density) of two Li metal-selenium cells; one containing a pristine graphene foam separator and the …
FIG.12 Ragone plots (cell power density vs. cell energy density) of 2 alkali metal-selenium cells: a Na-Se cell featuring an open-cell RGO foam-based separator …
Claims define the patent's legal scope. Independent claims stand alone; dependent claims (nested) narrow them. Click a claim to expand its dependents.
An alkali metal-selenium battery comprising: A) an anode comprising an anode active material layer and an optional anode current collector supporting said anode active material layer; B) a cathode comprising a cathode active material layer and an optional cathode current collector supporting said cathode active material layer, wherein said cathode active material layer comprising a selenium-containing material, as a cathode active material, selected from selenium, a selenium-carbon hybrid, a selenium-graphite hybrid, a selenium-graphene hybrid, a conducting polymer-selenium hybrid, a metal selenide, a Se alloy or mixture with Sn, Sb, Bi, S, or Te, a selenium compound, or a combination thereof; C) an electrolyte in ionic contact with the cathode and the anode and an optional porous separator that electronically insulates and separates said anode and said cathode; and D) a graphene separator layer comprising a solid graphene foam that is permeable to lithium ions or sodium ions but is substantially non-permeable to selenium or metal selenide ions, wherein said graphene separator layer is disposed between said anode active material layer and said cathode active material layer and is in physical contact with said cathode active material layer but not in physical contact with said anode active material layer and wherein said graphene separator layer contains pristine graphene sheets having less than 0.01% by weight of non-carbon elements or non-pristine graphene sheets having 0.01% to 20% by weight of noncarbon elements, wherein said non-pristine graphene is selected from the group consisting of graphene oxide, reduced graphene oxide, graphene fluoride, graphene chloride, graphene bromide, graphene iodide, hydrogenated graphene, nitrogenated graphene, boron-doped graphene, nitrogen- doped graphene, chemically functionalized graphene, and combinations thereof. Currently amended
The alkali metal-selenium battery of claim 1, wherein said solid graphene foam comprises a three-dimensional network of interconnected open cells or closed cells. Original
The alkali metal-selenium battery of claim 1, wherein said solid graphene foam has a density ranging from about 0.001 g/cm 3 to about 1.7 g/cm 3. Currently amended
The alkali metal-selenium battery of claim 1, wherein said graphene separator layer has a thickness from 5 nm to 50 pm. Original
The alkali metal-selenium battery of claim 1, wherein said solid graphene foam omprises pores having a size from 0.5 nm to 50 nm. Currently amended
The alkali metal-selenium battery of claim 1, wherein said battery comprises an electronically insulating porous separator that separates said anode active material layer and said cathode active material layer, and said graphene separator layer is disposed between said cathode active material layer and said electronically insulating porous separator. Original
The alkali metal-selenium battery of claim 1, wherein said solid graphene foam further comprises a carbon or graphite filler selected from the group consisting of carbon fiber, graphite fiber, carbon nanofiber, graphite nanofiber, carbon nanotube, carbon nanorod, mesophase carbon particle, mesocarbon microbead, expanded graphite flake, needle coke, carbon black or acetylene black, activated carbon, and combinations thereof. Currently amended
The alkali metal-selenium battery of claim 1, wherein said chemically functionalized graphene comprises graphene sheets comprising a chemical functional group selected from the group consisting of alkyl or aryl silane, alkyl or aralkyl group, hydroxyl group, carboxyl group, carboxylic group, amine group, sulfonate group (--S O 3 H), aldehydic group, quinoidal, fluorocarbon, and combinations thereof. Original
The alkali metal-selenium battery of claim 1, wherein said chemically functionalized graphene comprises graphene sheets comprising a chemical functional group selected from a derivative of an azide compound selected from the group consisting of 2- azidoethanol, 3-azidopropan- 1-amine, 4-(2-azidoethoxy)-4-oxobutanoic acid, 2-azidoethyl-2- bromo-2-methylpropanoate, chlorocarbonate, azidocarbonate, dichlorocarbene, carbene, aryne, nitrene, (R-)-oxycarbonyl nitrenes, where R = any one of the following groups, SVG 15976395.06-26-2020.KBWX₈V₀HRXEAPX3.CLM.1.svg 0.31 3.17 Black and white SVG 15976395.06-26-2020.KBWX₈V₀HRXEAPX3.CLM.2.svg 1.99 2.77 Black and white and combinations thereof. Original
The alkali metal-selenium battery of claim 1, wherein said chemically functionalized graphene comprises graphene sheets having a chemical functional group selected from an oxygenated group selected from the group consisting of hydroxyl, peroxide, ether, keto, aldehyde, and combinations thereof. Original
The alkali metal-selenium battery of claim 1, wherein said chemically functionalized graphene comprises graphene sheets comprising a chemical functional group selected from the group consisting of -SO 3 H,-COO H, -NH 2, -OH, -R'CHOH, -CHO, -CN,-COCI, halide, -COSH,-SH, -COOR', -SR', -SiR' 3, -Si(--OR'--) y R' 3 -y, -Si(--O--SiR' 2 --)OR',-R", Li, A l R' 2, Hg--X, T l Z 2 and Mg--X; wherein y is an integer equal to or less than 3, R' is hydrogen, alkyl, aryl, cycloalkyl, or aralkyl, cycloaryl, or poly(alkylether), R" is fluoroalkyl, fluoroaryl, fluorocycloalkyl, fluoroaralkyl or cycloaryl, X is halide, and Z is carboxylate or trifluoroacetate, and combinations thereof. Original
The alkali metal-selenium battery of claim 1, wherein said chemically functionalized graphene comprises graphene sheets having a chemical functional group selected from the group consisting of amidoamines, polyamides, aliphatic amines, modified aliphatic amines, cycloaliphatic amines, aromatic amines, anhydrides, ketimines, diethylenetriamine (DETA), triethylene-tetramine (TETA), tetraethylene-pentamine (TEPA), polyethylene polyamine, polyamine epoxy adduct, phenolic hardener, non-brominated curing agent, non-amine curatives, and combinations thereof. Original
The alkali metal-selenium battery of claim 1, wherein said chemically functionalized graphene comprises graphene sheets having a chemical functional group selected from the group consisting of O Y, NHY, O = C--OY, P = C--NR'Y, O = C--SY, O = C-- Y, --CR'1--OY, N Y or C'Y, and Y is a functional group of a protein, a peptide, an amino acid, an enzyme, an antibody, a nucleotide, an oligonucleotide, an antigen, or an enzyme substrate, enzyme inhibitor or the transition state analog of an enzyme substrate or is selected from R'--OH, R'--NR' 2, R'SH, R'CHO, R'CN, R'X, R'N + (R') 3 X-, R'SiR' 3, R'Si(--OR'--) y R' 3 -y, R'Si(--O--SiR'2--)OR', R'--R", R'--N--CO, (C₂H₄ 0 --) W H, (--C₃H₆ 0 --) W H, (--C₂H₄ O)w- -R', (C 3 H 6 O) W --R', R', and w is an integer greater than one and less than 200. Original
The alkali metal-selenium battery of claim 1, which is selected from a rechargeable lithium-selenium cell, sodium-selenium cell, potassium-selenium cell, lithium ion-selenium cell, sodium ion-selenium cell, or potassium ion-selenium cell. Original
The alkali metal-selenium battery of claim 1, wherein said electrolyte is selected from polymer electrolyte, polymer gel electrolyte, composite electrolyte, ionic liquid electrolyte, nonaqueous liquid electrolyte, soft matter phase electrolyte, solid-state electrolyte, or a combination thereof. Original
The alkali metal-selenium battery of claim 1, wherein said electrolyte contains an alkali salt selected from the group consisting of lithium perchlorate (LiC l O 4), lithium hexafluorophosphate (LiPF 6), lithium borofluoride (LiBF 4), lithium hexafluoroarsenide (LiAsF 6), lithium trifluoro-metasulfonate (LiCF 3 SO 3), bis-trifluoromethyl sulfonylimide lithium (LiN(CF 3 SO 2) 2, lithium bis(oxalato)borate (LiBOB), lithium oxalyldifluoroborate (LiBF 2 C 2 O 4), lithium oxalyldifluoroborate (LiBF 2 C 2 O 4), lithium nitrate (LiNO 3), Li- fluoroalkyl-phosphate (LiPF₃(CF 2 CF 3) 3), lithium bisperfluoroethysulfonylimide (LiBETI), an ionic liquid salt, sodium perchlorate (NaC l O 4), potassium perchlorate (KC 1O 4), sodium hexafluorophosphate (NaPF 6), potassium hexafluorophosphate (KPF 6), sodium borofluoride (NaBF 4), potassium borofluoride (KBF 4), sodium hexafluoroarsenide, potassium hexafluoroarsenide, sodium trifluoro-metasulfonate (NaCF 3 SO 3), potassium trifluoro-metasulfonate (KCF 3 SO 3), bis-trifluoromethyl sulfonylimide sodium (NaN(CF 3 SO 2) 2), sodium trifluoromethanesulfonimide (NaTFSI), bis-trifluoromethyl sulfonylimide potassium (KN(CF 3 SO 2) 2), and combinations thereof. Original
The alkali metal-selenium battery of claim 1, wherein said electrolyte contains a solvent selected from the group consisting of ethylene carbonate (EC), dimethyl carbonate (DMC), methylethyl carbonate (MEC), diethyl carbonate (DEC), ethyl propionate, methyl propionate, propylene carbonate (PC), y -butyrolactone (y -BL), acetonitrile (AN), ethyl acetate (E A), propyl formate (PF), methyl formate (MF), toluene, xylene or methyl acetate (MA), fluoroethylene carbonate (FEC), vinylene carbonate (VC), allyl ethyl carbonate (AEC), 1,3-dioxolane (DOL), 1,2-dimethoxyethane (DME), tetraethylene glycol dimethylether (TEGDME), poly(ethylene glyc ol) dimethyl ether (PEGDME), diethylene glycol dibutyl ether (DEGDBE), 2-ethoxyethyl ether (EE E), sulfone, sulfolane, room temperature ionic liquid, and combinations thereof. Original
The alkali metal-selenium battery of claim 1, wherein said anode active material is selected from the group consisting of Li, Na, K, an alloy thereof, a compound thereof, graphite, carbon, Si, Si O, Sn, SnO 2, a transition metal oxide, and combinations thereof. Original
The alkali metal-selenium battery of claim 1, wherein said cathode active material layer contains a cathode active material selected from the group consisting of Se, metal selenide, a second element selected from Sn, Sb, Bi, S, Te, and combinations thereof and said cathode active material is in a form of thin coating or particles having a thickness of diameter from 0.5 nm to 100 nm. Original
Layer stacks claimed or described, ordered top of device to substrate.
alkali metal-selenium battery
Materials described outside the worked examples.
selenium
Se
selenium-carbon hybrid
selenium-graphite hybrid
selenium-graphene hybrid
conducting polymer-selenium hybrid
metal selenide
Se alloy or mixture with Sn, Sb, Bi, S, or Te
solid graphene foam
pristine graphene
graphene oxide
reduced graphene oxide
graphene fluoride
graphene chloride
graphene bromide
graphene iodide
hydrogenated graphene
nitrogenated graphene
chemically functionalized graphene
carbon or graphite filler
electrolyte
anode active material
Measurements and analyses referenced in the patent, with their drawing references.
FIG.4 In -plane and through-plane electrical conductivity values of some GO-derived graphene foam sheets (prepared by Comma coating, heat treatment, and …
FIG.5 (C) Electrical conductivity data for the GO suspension-derived foam produced by the presently invented process and the hydrothermally reduced GO graphene …
FIG.11 Ragone plots (cell power density vs. cell energy density) of two Li metal-selenium cells; one containing a pristine graphene foam separator and the …
FIG.12 Ragone plots (cell power density vs. cell energy density) of 2 alkali metal-selenium cells: a Na-Se cell featuring an open-cell RGO foam-based separator …
Performance values and ranges asserted in the specification or claims.
| Property | Value | Material |
|---|---|---|
Thickness | 0.5–100 nm | — |
Temperature | 80–3200 °C | — |
Thickness | 0.3354–0.36 nm | — |
Temperature | 100–3000 °C | — |
Duration | 900–7200 s | — |
Temperature | 0–500 °C | — |
Temperature | 100–1500 °C | — |
Temperature | 130–230 °C | — |
Duration | 0.5–5 hours | — |
Duration | 48–72 hours | — |
— | 250–500 W | — |
Duration | 4–120 hours | — |
Temperature | 20–25 °C | — |
— | 140–300 W | — |
— | 10–30 W | — |
Temperature | 200–400 °C | — |
Temperature | 150–250 °C | — |
Duration | 5–16 hours | — |
Temperature | 80–350 °C | — |
Duration | 1–8 hours | — |
Temperature | 1500–2850 °C | — |
Duration | 48–96 hours | — |
Duration | 10–100 minutes | — |
Temperature | 80–500 °C | — |
Duration | 1–5 hours | — |
Temperature | 80–1500 °C | — |
Duration | 1–10 hours | — |
Thickness | 2–50 nm | — |
Temperature | 200–350 °C | — |
Temperature | 3000–3250 °C | — |
Pressure | ≤ 1 torr | — |
Temperature | ≤ 2500 °C | — |
Thickness | ≤ 0.4 nm | — |
Thickness | ≥ 1 nm | — |
Temperature | ≥ 2100 °C | — |
Temperature | ≥ 2500 °C | — |
Duration | ≥ 15 minutes | — |
Thickness | 0.5–50 nm | — |
Thickness | 1–10 nm | — |
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