FUNCTIONALLY GRADED ALL-GRAPHENE BASED FREE-STANDING MATERIALS, METHODS OF MAKING AND USES THEREOF

Syed Reza Rizvi; Sheikh Rasel; Omkar Bhatkar; David Smith

Patent

Atlas literature

Patent

US 11,661,346 B2

FUNCTIONALLY GRADED ALL-GRAPHENE BASED FREE-STANDING MATERIALS, METHODS OF MAKING AND USES THEREOF

Syed Reza Rizvi, Sheikh Rasel, Omkar Bhatkar, David Smith

The University of Toledo, Toledo, OH (US)·May 30, 2023·US

Drawings

Patent drawings and their descriptions. Click a drawing to enlarge it.

FIG. 1

FIG. 1C. Photograph of FGG ﬁlm on Al foil illustrating shiny rGO luster on the metal touching face and GO 40 structure on the other side having ﬂexible …

FIG. 2

FIG. 2D. Structural characterization of pristine GO and FGG ﬁlm reduced on Zn using XPS spectra (non-reduced GO side).

FIG. 3

FIG. 3A. Raman spectra of GO, and reduced side of Ni-rGO, Pb-rGO, Cu-rGO, Al-rGO, and Zn-rGO ﬁlms. 65

FIG. 4

FIG. 4A. SEM images of reduced side of FGG ﬁlm developed on Zn substrates.

FIG. 5

FIG. 5. Schematic illustration of reduction and FGG ﬁlm formation mechanism.

FIG. 6

process measurement curve

FIG. 6I. Photographs at different stages of the disintegra- tion process of the U-shaped rGO imprinted on GO ﬁlms.

FIG. 7

FIG. 7. Recycling process of metal substrate for use in the next round of fabrication.

FIG. 8

FIG. 8A. Cls spectra of non-reduced side of FGG ﬁlms on Al.

FIG. 9

FIG. 9A. Schematic illustration of a model voltaic cell.

FIG. 10

FIG. 10. Photographs showing the growth of hydrogen bubbles on various metal substrates under immersed of 0.1 M HCl acid for 10 minutes at 25° C., (Zn, Al, Pb, …

FIG. 11

FIG. 11A. Photographs showing the curling behavior of bilayer-like arrangement of the GO and rGO structures in the FGG ﬁlms during immersion in DI water (Zn, …

FIG. 12

FIG. 12D. Cross-sectional SEM images of FGG ﬁlms 5 reduced on Ni.

FIG. 13

FIG. 13A. The elemental mapping of FGG ﬁlms reduced on Zn. The metal elements were distributed uniformly 10 throughout the ﬁlms.

FIG. 14

FIG. 14. Table showing the ﬁtted results of Cls XPS spectra of reduced and non-reduced side of FGG ﬁlms 25 reduced on various active metal substrates.

FIG. 15

FIG. 15. Table showing the chemical compositions of reduced and non-reduced side of FGG ﬁlms derived from Cls XPS spectra.

FIG. 16

FIG. 16. Table showing the chemical compositions of 30 pristine GO and reduced and non-reduced side of various FGG ﬁlms derived from Cls XPS spectra.

FIG. 17

FIG. 17. Table showing the ﬁtted results of Cls XPS spectra of reduced, transition, and non-reduced side of FGG ﬁlms reduced on Zn and Al active metal …

FIG. 18

FIG. 18. Table showing the ﬁtted results of Cls XPS spectra of pristine GO ﬁlm and reduced and non-reduced side of FGG ﬁlms reduced on various active metal …

FIG. 19

FIG. 19F. Carbon to oxygen ratio as a function of depth of FGG ﬁlms reduced on Zn and Al showing graphene 45 networks can be tuned in a controlled manner.

FIG. 20

FIG. 20C—strain at failure. 50

FIG. 61

FIG. 61. While the GO starts to disintegrate B₂ in water through swelling after approximately 2 minutes, the electrically conductive path is completely …

Claims

Claims define the patent's legal scope. Independent claims stand alone; dependent claims (nested) narrow them. Click a claim to expand its dependents.

3 independent · 13 dependent

1
IndependentrGOGOfunctionally graded graphene-based (FGG) free-standing film
A composition comprising a functionally graded gra-phene-based (FGG) material having: a ﬁrst surface comprising an at least partially electrically conductive reduced graphene oxide (rGO); an opposite surface comprising an at least partially insu-lating graphene oxide (GO), wherein the GO is hydro-philic; and a gradient of rGO to GO from the ﬁrst surface to the opposite surface.
1. 2
  Dependent← claim 1rGOGOfunctionally graded graphene-based (FGG) free-standing film
  The composition of claim 1, wherein the ﬁrst surface of the FGG material is a porous surface, and wherein the surface morphologies on the opposite surface are smooth compared to the ﬁrst surface.
2. 3
  Dependent← claim 1GO
  The composition of claim 1, wherein the GO in the FGG material is present at a concentration ranging from 45-60 mg/mL.
3. 4
  Dependent← claim 1rGOGO
  The composition of claim 1, wherein the FGG material has disintegration characteristics upon exposure to a trigger environmental stimulus.
4. 6
  Dependent← claim 1rGOGO
  The composition of claim 1, wherein the FGG material has a thickness selected in accordance with a preselected electrical conductivity for the FGG material.
5. 7
  Dependent← claim 1rGOGO
  The composition of claim 1, wherein the FGG material comprises a free standing ﬁlm.
6. 8
  Dependent← claim 1rGOGOfunctionally graded graphene-based (FGG) free-standing film
  A ﬁlm comprising the composition of claim 1.
7. 11
  Dependent← claim 1rGOGOtransient electronic device/flexible circuitry/RFID tag/electrode
  A device comprising the FGG material of claim 1, wherein the device is one or more of: a transient electronic device, ﬂexible circuitry, an RFID tag, an electrode, a biodegradable product, or a functional labeling or coating for polylactide based food packaging.
8. 13
  Dependent← claim 1rGOGO
  The composition of claim 1, wherein the thickness of the FGG material ranges from about 22 µm to 87 µm.
9. 14
  Dependent← claim 1rGOGO
  The composition of claim 1, wherein the gradient of rGO-to-GO includes a non-uniform elimination of oxygen-containing functional groups and restoration of π-conju-gated structure throughout the FGG material.
15
IndependentrGOGOfunctionally graded graphene-based (FGG) free-standing film
A composition comprising a functionally graded gra-phene-based (FGG) material having: a ﬁrst surface comprising an at least partially electrically conductive reduced graphene oxide (rGO); an opposite surface comprising an at least partially insu-lating graphene oxide (GO), wherein the GO is hydro-philic; and a gradient of rGO to GO from the ﬁrst surface to the opposite surface, wherein the gradient of rGO to GO includes a non-uniform elimination of oxygen-contain-ing functional groups and restoration of π-conjugated structure throughout the FGG material.
16
IndependentrGOGOfunctionally graded graphene-based (FGG) free-standing film
A composition comprising a functionally graded gra-phene-based (FGG) material having: a ﬁrst side comprising an at least partially electrically conductive reduced graphene oxide (rGO), and; an opposite side comprising an at least partially insulating graphene oxide (GO), wherein the GO is hydrophilic; wherein a gradient of rGO to GO exists from the ﬁrst side to the opposite side, the gradient comprising a nonuniform elimination of oxygen-containing functional groups and restoration of π-conjugated structure throughout the FGG material. ∗ ∗ ∗ ∗ ∗

Device structures

Layer stacks claimed or described, ordered top of device to substrate.

functionally graded graphene-based (FGG) free-standing film

GOinsulating surface (GO side)

gradient interiorgradient interior

rGOconductive surface (rGO side)

hygro-morphic actuation device

rGOFGG film

transient electronic humidity sensing device

rGO

Materials

Materials described outside the worked examples.

reduced graphene oxide

rGO

Electrically Conductive Layer In FGG Material

graphene oxide

Process steps

Additional fabrication and treatment steps described in the patent.

Film Coating And Drying

Step 1

Temperature

40, 60°C

Duration

180 min

Process details

substrate metals:

Characterization

Measurements and analyses referenced in the patent, with their drawing references.

sem

SEM

FIG. 1C. Photograph of FGG ﬁlm on Al foil illustrating shiny rGO luster on the metal touching face and GO 40 structure on the other side having ﬂexible …

Figure references

FIG. 1

graphenegraphene

Reported properties

Performance values and ranges asserted in the specification or claims.

Property	Value	Material
Thickness	22–87 µm	rGO
Concentration	45–60 mg/mL

Cited prior art

Patents and literature cited by this patent (applicant and examiner references).

Cited patents · 10

US 9,105,403 B29,105,403 B2 8/2015 Yang et al.
US 9,278,319 B29,278,319 B2 3/2016 Hoek et al.
US 9,640,746 B29,640,746 B2 5/2017 Ma et al.
US 9,779,884 B29,779,884 B2 10/2017 El-Kady et al.
US 2010/0102292 A12010/0102292 A1 * 4/2010 Hiura.............. H01L 21/823828examiner
US 2010/0273060 A12010/0273060 A1 10/2010 Yang et al.

Why these are connected

Related documents with shared materials, methods, properties, or citations.

FUNCTIONALLY GRADED ALL-GRAPHENE BASED FREE-STANDING MATERIALS, METHODS OF MAKING AND USES THEREOF | Matter42 Literature