Patent
US 8,287,699Production of Chemically Functionalized Nano Graphene Materials
Aruna Zhamu, Bor Z. Jang
US
Copyright © 2026 Matter42. All rights reserved.
Patent
Atlas literature
Patent
US 8,287,699Patent drawings and their descriptions. Click a drawing to enlarge it.
FIG. 1 Conventional, most commonly used chemical processes for producing oxidized NGPs or GO platelets.
FIG. 2 A surfactant-assisted direct ultrasonication method for the production of pristine graphene, as disclosed earlier by the instant applicants.
FIG. 3 Schematic showing the reactions between pristine graphene and several azide compounds 25 (as illustrative examples) to form functionalized NGPs.
FIG. 4 Electrical conductivity data for the thin films made from pristine NGPs (p-NGPs), GO, and CNTs after various periods of amino azide reactions at 1 00*C.
FIG. 5 Electrical conductivity data for the thin films made from pristine NGPs (p-NGPs), GO, and CNTs after various periods of amino azide reactions at 1 60*C. …
FIG. 6 (a) chemical functionalization of NGPs with azide groups occurs to the NGP edges first, which improves the solubility or dispersibility of NGPs without …
FIG. 7 Grafting of different polymers (a)-(c) or attaching Pt nano particles (d) to various functionalized NGPs, as means to verify the presence of functional …
FIG. 8 Schematic of the three routes along which we can produce chemically functionalized NGPs. The process can begin with dispersing a pristine graphite …
Claims define the patent's legal scope. Independent claims stand alone; dependent claims (nested) narrow them. Click a claim to expand its dependents.
A combined production-functionalization process for manufacturing a chemically functionalized nano graphene material directly from a pristine graphite material, comprising: (A) Dispersing said pristine graphite material and an azide or bi-radical compound in a liquid medium to form a suspension, wherein said pristine graphite material is selected from the group consisting of natural graphite, artificial graphite, highly oriented pyrolytic graphite, carbon fiber, graphite fiber, carbon nano-fiber, graphitic nano-fiber, meso- carbon micro-bead, graphitized coke, and combinations thereof; (B) Subjecting said suspension to direct ultrasonication with ultrasonic waves of a desired intensity for a length of time sufficient to produce nano graphene platelets and to enable a chemical reaction to occur between said nano graphene platelets and said azide or bi-radical compound to produce said functionalized nano graphene material.
The process of claim 1 wherein said azide or bi-radical compound is added to said liquid medium sequentially after said direct ultrasonication of said graphite material is allowed to proceed for a first period of time.
The process of claim 1 wherein said nano graphene platelets comprise single- layer graphene.
The process of claim 1 wherein said chemical reaction occurs only to an edge or edges of said nano graphene platelets.
The process of claim 1 wherein said chemical reaction occurs to an edge and at least one primary surface, graphene plane, of said nano graphene platelets.
The process of claim 1 wherein said azide or bi-radical compound is selected from the group consisting of 2-Azidoethanol, 3-Azidopropan- 1 -amine, 4-(2-Azidoethoxy)-4- oxobutanoic acid, 2-Azidoethyl-2-bromo-2-methylpropanoate, chlorocarbonate, azidocarbonate, dichlorocarbene, carbene, aryne, nitrene, (R--)-oxycarbonyl nitrenes, where R=any one of the following groups, 2 0 2-3 I 00o- -\ -:8 and combinations thereof.
The process of claim 1, further comprising a step of grafting a polymer chain to a functional group of said functionalized nano graphene material to produce a polymer-grafted nano graphene material.
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Materials described outside the worked examples.
pristine graphite material
azide or bi-radical compound
Additional fabrication and treatment steps described in the patent.
Measurements and analyses referenced in the patent, with their drawing references.
FIG. 4 Electrical conductivity data for the thin films made from pristine NGPs (p-NGPs), GO, and CNTs after various periods of amino azide reactions at 1 00*C.
Performance values and ranges asserted in the specification or claims.
| Property | Value | Material |
|---|---|---|
Thickness | 1550–1600 cm | — |
Duration | 1–2 hours |
Patent
Atlas literature
Patent
US 8,287,699Patent drawings and their descriptions. Click a drawing to enlarge it.
FIG. 1 Conventional, most commonly used chemical processes for producing oxidized NGPs or GO platelets.
FIG. 2 A surfactant-assisted direct ultrasonication method for the production of pristine graphene, as disclosed earlier by the instant applicants.
FIG. 3 Schematic showing the reactions between pristine graphene and several azide compounds 25 (as illustrative examples) to form functionalized NGPs.
FIG. 4 Electrical conductivity data for the thin films made from pristine NGPs (p-NGPs), GO, and CNTs after various periods of amino azide reactions at 1 00*C.
FIG. 5 Electrical conductivity data for the thin films made from pristine NGPs (p-NGPs), GO, and CNTs after various periods of amino azide reactions at 1 60*C. …
FIG. 6 (a) chemical functionalization of NGPs with azide groups occurs to the NGP edges first, which improves the solubility or dispersibility of NGPs without …
FIG. 7 Grafting of different polymers (a)-(c) or attaching Pt nano particles (d) to various functionalized NGPs, as means to verify the presence of functional …
FIG. 8 Schematic of the three routes along which we can produce chemically functionalized NGPs. The process can begin with dispersing a pristine graphite …
Claims define the patent's legal scope. Independent claims stand alone; dependent claims (nested) narrow them. Click a claim to expand its dependents.
A combined production-functionalization process for manufacturing a chemically functionalized nano graphene material directly from a pristine graphite material, comprising: (A) Dispersing said pristine graphite material and an azide or bi-radical compound in a liquid medium to form a suspension, wherein said pristine graphite material is selected from the group consisting of natural graphite, artificial graphite, highly oriented pyrolytic graphite, carbon fiber, graphite fiber, carbon nano-fiber, graphitic nano-fiber, meso- carbon micro-bead, graphitized coke, and combinations thereof; (B) Subjecting said suspension to direct ultrasonication with ultrasonic waves of a desired intensity for a length of time sufficient to produce nano graphene platelets and to enable a chemical reaction to occur between said nano graphene platelets and said azide or bi-radical compound to produce said functionalized nano graphene material.
The process of claim 1 wherein said azide or bi-radical compound is added to said liquid medium sequentially after said direct ultrasonication of said graphite material is allowed to proceed for a first period of time.
The process of claim 1 wherein said nano graphene platelets comprise single- layer graphene.
The process of claim 1 wherein said chemical reaction occurs only to an edge or edges of said nano graphene platelets.
The process of claim 1 wherein said chemical reaction occurs to an edge and at least one primary surface, graphene plane, of said nano graphene platelets.
The process of claim 1 wherein said azide or bi-radical compound is selected from the group consisting of 2-Azidoethanol, 3-Azidopropan- 1 -amine, 4-(2-Azidoethoxy)-4- oxobutanoic acid, 2-Azidoethyl-2-bromo-2-methylpropanoate, chlorocarbonate, azidocarbonate, dichlorocarbene, carbene, aryne, nitrene, (R--)-oxycarbonyl nitrenes, where R=any one of the following groups, 2 0 2-3 I 00o- -\ -:8 and combinations thereof.
The process of claim 1, further comprising a step of grafting a polymer chain to a functional group of said functionalized nano graphene material to produce a polymer-grafted nano graphene material.
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Materials described outside the worked examples.
pristine graphite material
azide or bi-radical compound
Additional fabrication and treatment steps described in the patent.
Measurements and analyses referenced in the patent, with their drawing references.
FIG. 4 Electrical conductivity data for the thin films made from pristine NGPs (p-NGPs), GO, and CNTs after various periods of amino azide reactions at 1 00*C.
Performance values and ranges asserted in the specification or claims.
| Property | Value | Material |
|---|---|---|
Thickness | 1550–1600 cm | — |
Duration | 1–2 hours |
Patent
Atlas literature
Patent
US 8,287,699Patent drawings and their descriptions. Click a drawing to enlarge it.
FIG. 1 Conventional, most commonly used chemical processes for producing oxidized NGPs or GO platelets.
FIG. 2 A surfactant-assisted direct ultrasonication method for the production of pristine graphene, as disclosed earlier by the instant applicants.
FIG. 3 Schematic showing the reactions between pristine graphene and several azide compounds 25 (as illustrative examples) to form functionalized NGPs.
FIG. 4 Electrical conductivity data for the thin films made from pristine NGPs (p-NGPs), GO, and CNTs after various periods of amino azide reactions at 1 00*C.
FIG. 5 Electrical conductivity data for the thin films made from pristine NGPs (p-NGPs), GO, and CNTs after various periods of amino azide reactions at 1 60*C. …
FIG. 6 (a) chemical functionalization of NGPs with azide groups occurs to the NGP edges first, which improves the solubility or dispersibility of NGPs without …
FIG. 7 Grafting of different polymers (a)-(c) or attaching Pt nano particles (d) to various functionalized NGPs, as means to verify the presence of functional …
FIG. 8 Schematic of the three routes along which we can produce chemically functionalized NGPs. The process can begin with dispersing a pristine graphite …
Claims define the patent's legal scope. Independent claims stand alone; dependent claims (nested) narrow them. Click a claim to expand its dependents.
A combined production-functionalization process for manufacturing a chemically functionalized nano graphene material directly from a pristine graphite material, comprising: (A) Dispersing said pristine graphite material and an azide or bi-radical compound in a liquid medium to form a suspension, wherein said pristine graphite material is selected from the group consisting of natural graphite, artificial graphite, highly oriented pyrolytic graphite, carbon fiber, graphite fiber, carbon nano-fiber, graphitic nano-fiber, meso- carbon micro-bead, graphitized coke, and combinations thereof; (B) Subjecting said suspension to direct ultrasonication with ultrasonic waves of a desired intensity for a length of time sufficient to produce nano graphene platelets and to enable a chemical reaction to occur between said nano graphene platelets and said azide or bi-radical compound to produce said functionalized nano graphene material.
The process of claim 1 wherein said azide or bi-radical compound is added to said liquid medium sequentially after said direct ultrasonication of said graphite material is allowed to proceed for a first period of time.
The process of claim 1 wherein said nano graphene platelets comprise single- layer graphene.
The process of claim 1 wherein said chemical reaction occurs only to an edge or edges of said nano graphene platelets.
The process of claim 1 wherein said chemical reaction occurs to an edge and at least one primary surface, graphene plane, of said nano graphene platelets.
The process of claim 1 wherein said azide or bi-radical compound is selected from the group consisting of 2-Azidoethanol, 3-Azidopropan- 1 -amine, 4-(2-Azidoethoxy)-4- oxobutanoic acid, 2-Azidoethyl-2-bromo-2-methylpropanoate, chlorocarbonate, azidocarbonate, dichlorocarbene, carbene, aryne, nitrene, (R--)-oxycarbonyl nitrenes, where R=any one of the following groups, 2 0 2-3 I 00o- -\ -:8 and combinations thereof.
The process of claim 1, further comprising a step of grafting a polymer chain to a functional group of said functionalized nano graphene material to produce a polymer-grafted nano graphene material.
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Materials described outside the worked examples.
pristine graphite material
azide or bi-radical compound
Additional fabrication and treatment steps described in the patent.
Measurements and analyses referenced in the patent, with their drawing references.
FIG. 4 Electrical conductivity data for the thin films made from pristine NGPs (p-NGPs), GO, and CNTs after various periods of amino azide reactions at 1 00*C.
Performance values and ranges asserted in the specification or claims.
| Property | Value | Material |
|---|---|---|
Thickness | 1550–1600 cm | — |
Duration | 1–2 hours |
Patent
Atlas literature
Patent
US 8,287,699Patent drawings and their descriptions. Click a drawing to enlarge it.
FIG. 1 Conventional, most commonly used chemical processes for producing oxidized NGPs or GO platelets.
FIG. 2 A surfactant-assisted direct ultrasonication method for the production of pristine graphene, as disclosed earlier by the instant applicants.
FIG. 3 Schematic showing the reactions between pristine graphene and several azide compounds 25 (as illustrative examples) to form functionalized NGPs.
FIG. 4 Electrical conductivity data for the thin films made from pristine NGPs (p-NGPs), GO, and CNTs after various periods of amino azide reactions at 1 00*C.
FIG. 5 Electrical conductivity data for the thin films made from pristine NGPs (p-NGPs), GO, and CNTs after various periods of amino azide reactions at 1 60*C. …
FIG. 6 (a) chemical functionalization of NGPs with azide groups occurs to the NGP edges first, which improves the solubility or dispersibility of NGPs without …
FIG. 7 Grafting of different polymers (a)-(c) or attaching Pt nano particles (d) to various functionalized NGPs, as means to verify the presence of functional …
FIG. 8 Schematic of the three routes along which we can produce chemically functionalized NGPs. The process can begin with dispersing a pristine graphite …
Claims define the patent's legal scope. Independent claims stand alone; dependent claims (nested) narrow them. Click a claim to expand its dependents.
A combined production-functionalization process for manufacturing a chemically functionalized nano graphene material directly from a pristine graphite material, comprising: (A) Dispersing said pristine graphite material and an azide or bi-radical compound in a liquid medium to form a suspension, wherein said pristine graphite material is selected from the group consisting of natural graphite, artificial graphite, highly oriented pyrolytic graphite, carbon fiber, graphite fiber, carbon nano-fiber, graphitic nano-fiber, meso- carbon micro-bead, graphitized coke, and combinations thereof; (B) Subjecting said suspension to direct ultrasonication with ultrasonic waves of a desired intensity for a length of time sufficient to produce nano graphene platelets and to enable a chemical reaction to occur between said nano graphene platelets and said azide or bi-radical compound to produce said functionalized nano graphene material.
The process of claim 1 wherein said azide or bi-radical compound is added to said liquid medium sequentially after said direct ultrasonication of said graphite material is allowed to proceed for a first period of time.
The process of claim 1 wherein said nano graphene platelets comprise single- layer graphene.
The process of claim 1 wherein said chemical reaction occurs only to an edge or edges of said nano graphene platelets.
The process of claim 1 wherein said chemical reaction occurs to an edge and at least one primary surface, graphene plane, of said nano graphene platelets.
The process of claim 1 wherein said azide or bi-radical compound is selected from the group consisting of 2-Azidoethanol, 3-Azidopropan- 1 -amine, 4-(2-Azidoethoxy)-4- oxobutanoic acid, 2-Azidoethyl-2-bromo-2-methylpropanoate, chlorocarbonate, azidocarbonate, dichlorocarbene, carbene, aryne, nitrene, (R--)-oxycarbonyl nitrenes, where R=any one of the following groups, 2 0 2-3 I 00o- -\ -:8 and combinations thereof.
The process of claim 1, further comprising a step of grafting a polymer chain to a functional group of said functionalized nano graphene material to produce a polymer-grafted nano graphene material.
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Materials described outside the worked examples.
pristine graphite material
azide or bi-radical compound
Additional fabrication and treatment steps described in the patent.
Measurements and analyses referenced in the patent, with their drawing references.
FIG. 4 Electrical conductivity data for the thin films made from pristine NGPs (p-NGPs), GO, and CNTs after various periods of amino azide reactions at 1 00*C.
Performance values and ranges asserted in the specification or claims.
| Property | Value | Material |
|---|---|---|
Thickness | 1550–1600 cm | — |
Duration | 1–2 hours |
nano graphene platelets (NGPs)
polymer-grafted nano graphene material
functionalized nano graphene material
FIG. 5 Electrical conductivity data for the thin films made from pristine NGPs (p-NGPs), GO, and CNTs after various periods of amino azide reactions at 1 60*C. …
| — |
Duration | 20–120 minutes | — |
Duration | 4–6 hours | — |
Duration | 10–120 minutes | — |
Duration | 30–60 minutes | — |
Duration | ≥ 1.5 hours | — |
nano graphene platelets (NGPs)
polymer-grafted nano graphene material
functionalized nano graphene material
FIG. 5 Electrical conductivity data for the thin films made from pristine NGPs (p-NGPs), GO, and CNTs after various periods of amino azide reactions at 1 60*C. …
| — |
Duration | 20–120 minutes | — |
Duration | 4–6 hours | — |
Duration | 10–120 minutes | — |
Duration | 30–60 minutes | — |
Duration | ≥ 1.5 hours | — |
nano graphene platelets (NGPs)
polymer-grafted nano graphene material
functionalized nano graphene material
FIG. 5 Electrical conductivity data for the thin films made from pristine NGPs (p-NGPs), GO, and CNTs after various periods of amino azide reactions at 1 60*C. …
| — |
Duration | 20–120 minutes | — |
Duration | 4–6 hours | — |
Duration | 10–120 minutes | — |
Duration | 30–60 minutes | — |
Duration | ≥ 1.5 hours | — |
nano graphene platelets (NGPs)
polymer-grafted nano graphene material
functionalized nano graphene material
FIG. 5 Electrical conductivity data for the thin films made from pristine NGPs (p-NGPs), GO, and CNTs after various periods of amino azide reactions at 1 60*C. …
| — |
Duration | 20–120 minutes | — |
Duration | 4–6 hours | — |
Duration | 10–120 minutes | — |
Duration | 30–60 minutes | — |
Duration | ≥ 1.5 hours | — |